Lesson video

Hello, everyone.

My name is Mrs. Riley.

And I'm here today to learn some new vocabulary with you.

In today's lesson, we're going to be focusing on vocabulary that is associated with heat.

But hopefully, we'll find out as the lesson progresses that whilst these words can describe something hot, like a hot day, they can also be used in other contexts.

So they're going to be really useful words for us to put in our vocabulary toolboxes.

Let's get started.

The outcome of today's lesson is to use the words clammy, gleaming, and oppressive effectively in multiple contexts.

These are our key words that we'll be looking at in today's lesson.

I'd like you to repeat each one back to me.

So I'm going to say each one, and then it's your turn to repeat it.

Are you ready? Noun, adjective, synonym, word pair.

Well done.

Thank you for joining in.

Let's see what these words mean.

A noun is a naming word for people, places, or things.

So my name is Mrs. Riley.

That's a naming word for a person, so that's a noun.

These are my glasses, and they are a thing.

So that would also be a noun.

An adjective is a word that describes a noun.

For example, if I took my glasses, I could describe them as fragile because they could easily break.

A synonym is a word that has the same or similar meaning to another word.

For example, I could say that the glass on my glasses is see-through or transparent.

They have a similar meaning.

And word pairs are words that often appear together.

So if we took that word transparent, it would probably often be paired with glass because glass is transparent.

So they are word pairs.

They often appear together.

In today's lesson, we have three learning cycles, and in each learning cycle, we're going to learn a new hot word.

Remember, these words will be able to describe hot things, but also we might be able to use them in other contexts as well.

So let's take a look at our first new hot word.

Now, before I reveal what this word is, please could you have a close look at this Mrs. Wordsmith illustration.

This is Brick.

What's happening here? How would you describe him and why? Pause the video while you have some thinking time.

Well done.

Well, Brick here is I can see that he's dripping with what looks like sweat, and he's sort of huddling his arms in and he.

I can see by his facial expression that he's really not looking very well.

He's also got something on his.

He's got something attached.

Oh, he's got lots of things attached to him there.

What are they then? Oh, they're lots of little shells.

I hadn't seen those before.

They are lots of little shells that are kind of clung onto him, which I think is going to help us a little bit with the art remembering what this word is.

So this word is clammy.

My turn, your turn.

Clammy.

Well done.

Now actually, those shells are clams. Clams, they're a bit like muscles.

You can eat clams. So I think that is why they've included that in this picture to help us remember that this illustration represents the word clammy.

So clammy is an adjective, a describing word, and it means soggy or moist.

Well, I can see here that Brick looks soggy or moist like your skin when you are sweaty or feverish.

So if you have a fever, it's when you've got a temperature or you're really hot.

So sometimes when we're ill and we're really hot, we might get really clammy or sweaty, kind of a bit wet or damp.

So these words are synonyms of clammy.

So they have a similar meaning.

Soggy, sweaty, and moist.

Brick shivered as drops of sweat ran down his clammy skin.

These words are word pairs of clammy.

That means that if we took looked for this word clammy in a book or on the news, it would often appear with one of these words.

I'm gonna read them to you.

Listen carefully.

Clammy skin.

My skin now feels nice and dry.

I wonder how does your skin feel? Has anyone got clammy skin? Maybe clammy hands? Clammy sweat, clammy weather.

Sometimes if the weather is really humid, which means it's kind of very warm, but also a bit kind of damp, it can be clammy.

It can make your skin feel a bit damp when you're in that kind of clammy weather.

A clammy chill.

So that's I think what's happened to Brick here.

He's got a bit of a fever or a bit of a chill, and his skin has become all clammy.

And clammy heat.

So it's really important when we learn new vocabulary that we don't just look at it or listen to it, but that we actually say it out loud.

So could you pause the video now and read these word pairs out loud just like I did? Off you go.

Well done.

These are more word pairs of clammy.

We have clammy handshake.

Imagine how that would feel shaking someone's hand who's got a clammy wet hand.

Clammy palms. These are the palms of our hands.

A clammy forehead, perhaps if you were feeling ill, and a clammy grip.

If you were trying to grip on something really tight, it wouldn't be very good to have clammy hands because it would make your hands perhaps feel a little bit slippery.

So just as before, could you now read these word pairs out loud? Pause the video now.

Well done.

Okay, so let's check what we've just learned.

Which of these words is a synonym? So this has a similar meaning for clammy.

A, moist, B, warm, or C, dry.

Pause the video while you think of your answer.

Well done.

It is A, moist.

It's a synonym for clammy.

It's time for your first task.

In this task, you have got the word clammy written in the middle of a word map.

Around the edge of clammy, you have either got synonyms and or word pairs.

I'd like you first to hunt for those synonyms, and when you find them, I'd like you to circle them.

And then I'd like you to draw a line from clammy up or across or down to each word pair.

And as you do that, you could say it out loud so that we keep practising saying this new word.

Here's the word in a sentence to help you.

Brick shivered as drops of sweat ran down his clammy skin.

Now a little tip to help you if you are unsure if it's a synonym, you could take out the word clammy in the sentence and try to replace it with the synonym.

If it sort of works, it probably is a synonym, but if it doesn't sound right, then maybe it's a word pair.

Here's an example.

Brick shivered as drops of sweat ran down his soggy skin.

Hmm, that could work.

Brick shivered as drops of sweat ran down his grip skin.

That doesn't work so that's probably a word pair.

So that might help you in this activity today.

Can you now pause the video while you complete your first task? Good luck.

Okay, let's go through these answers together.

So the synonyms of clammy are soggy, sweaty, and moist.

The word pairs are skin, sweat, heat, chill, handshake, palms, forehead, weather, and grip.

So all of those could be described as as clammy.

So hopefully you can see straight away that whilst we can describe heat or weather, hot weather as being clammy, we can use it in all these other contexts.

We can use it to describe skin.

We can use it to describe a grip.

We can use it when to describe when people are feeling unwell, their skin might be clammy.

So now it's time for your next part of your task.

I would like you to try and write a sentence using the word clammy.

Here are the word pairs to help you.

So if you are unsure how you are just going to magic up this sentence in your head, you might start off by picking a word pair.

For example, a clammy grip and then you might think of a scenario around that.

Hmm, why might someone have a clammy grip? Maybe they're feeling nervous and they've got clammy hands.

What are they gripping onto? And so that's how you can start building your idea.

It's really helpful to practise saying your sentence out loud a few times before you write it down.

And don't forget to go back and check it through once you've had a go.

So pause the video now while you write your sentence using the word clammy.

Okay, well done.

Let's look at some examples.

So we could have written something like Bearnice, who was shivering manically in bed, had a high temperature and a clammy forehead.

You might have noticed something in a sentence.

I have got a relative clause, starting with a relative pronoun who.

Bearnice is the noun.

She's the person that this sentence is about.

And if I take away that relative clause, I've got my main clause.

So if I just read it without that relative clause, it would say Bearnice had a high temperature and a clammy forehead.

That would make sense by itself.

My relative clause though, has interrupted my main clause by giving some relevant information about Bearnice.

It's like a way of sneaking in a little bit of extra information.

Bearnice who was shivering manically in bed, had a high temperature and a clammy forehead.

I've got commas either side of my relative clause and this makes a relative complex sentence, which is a really impressive sentence to have written.

So perhaps in your next sentence you write, you might try and do a relative complex sentence too.

Yin broke out in a nervous sweat as she reached out a clammy palm to shake her favourite singer's hand.

So imagine that scenario.

If you were going to meet one of the celebrity perhaps that was one of your favourite singer or your famous actor, you would feel really nervous, and therefore you might have a clammy hand or clammy palm.

The clammy heat, which made everything feel sticky, was suffocating almost as if it's suffocating you.

So again, here we've got another relative clause.

The clammy heat, this time we've got a noun phrase, the clammy heat.

We could just say the clammy heat was suffocating.

That's the main clause, but we've interrupted it by squeezing in a relative clause with commas either side, which made everything feel sticky.

We've given some extra information about the noun, which is the heat.

So that's something we're gonna come back to later on in this lesson.

But you'll see in all of these sentences, the most important thing is we've used that new word clammy.

Okay, let's look at our second new hot word.

Are you ready? Are you sitting up? Let's take a quick little moment to readjust.

Maybe sit up, maybe give yourself a little shake, maybe take a big inhale (inhales) and an exhale.

(exhales) Okay, ready for our second new hot word? We've learnt clammy.

Now we are looking at this picture.

So look closely again like a detective.

What's happening here? This is Oz the ostrich, and Bogart the fly.

Could you pause the video and describe out loud what's happening here? Okay well, I think that Bogart here is looking like he is blinded by something.

And if I look closely, I think it's that he's being blinded by Oz's teeth, which look like they are so white that they've almost got like little diamonds sparkling in them.

Or maybe they actually have got diamonds spark.

Maybe Oz has put diamonds in her teeth to make them so bright and dazzling.

So let's find out what this word is.

Gleaming.

My turn, your turn.

Gleaming.

Gleaming is also an adjective like clammy.

It means shining or bright like teeth that have been scrubbed clean by the dentist.

Oh, I would love to have someone describe my teeth as being gleaming, would you? These words are synonyms of gleaming.

They have a similar meaning; shiny, glowing, and bright.

So we can see why this word's been chosen, that it's associated with heat.

Oz's gleaming white teeth dazzled poor Bogart.

These are word pairs of gleaming.

Gleaming smile, gleaming teeth, gleaming gold, a gleaming sword.

So just as before, could you now pause the video and read those word pairs out loud? Off you go.

Well done.

Here are some more word pairs.

Gleaming stars, gleaming light, gleaming skin.

Imagine skin that's really glowing and radiant.

And gleaming eyes.

So just as you did earlier, could you pause the video and read these word pairs out loud? Well done.

Okay, let's check what we've just learned.

Which of these words is a synonym for gleaming? A, white, B, wet, or C, glowing? Pause the video now.

Well done.

The correct answer is C, glowing.

Okay, it's another task now.

It's another word map.

So just as before, you've got gleaming in the middle, and you've got to circle the synonyms and then draw lines to the word pairs.

Here's the sentence to help you.

Oz's gleaming white teeth dazzled poor Bogart.

Remember that trick that if you can replace the word in a sentence, it probably is going to be a synonym.

It doesn't always work, but it often works.

So could you pause the video now while you complete this first part of your task? Well done.

Let's look at the answers together.

So the synonyms for gleaming are shiny, glowing, and bright.

The word pairs are teeth, gleaming smile, gleaming gold, gleaming sword, gleaming light, gleaming stars, and gleaming eyes.

This is a really nice positive word, isn't it? Gleaming.

I can't imagine that we would use gleaming in very many ways that would be a negative or like it'd be an insult.

It's quite a nice positive word, gleaming.

Whereas I would say clammy is a bit more negative because it's associated with perhaps feeling nervous or feeling a bit unwell.

Okay, could you now write a sentence using the word gleaming? Just as before, we've got these word pairs and they're going to be really helpful because if we use a word pair, we know we're using the word really appropriately.

So you might pick, for example, gleaming gold and then you might think about a sentence around that.

And I'm just gonna show you the scaffold if you wanted to have a go at writing a relative complex sentence.

So remember, you first of all might think of your main clause and just ignore the relative clause.

So for example, you might say something like, "The stars shone brightly," there's my main clause.

It's a main clause because it has a verb shone.

The stars shone brightly.

And then you might think, "Okay, so the stars is my noun, and now I'm going to use a relative clause." Because it's a thing, it's not a person, I'm gonna use which.

If it was a person, if it was Oz, I'd say "Oz, who." But because it's a thing, I'm gonna say, "The stars comma, which," and then you could give some relative information about the stars, which were gleaming in the in the dark sky, comma, shone brightly.

So I've added some information into my main clause.

You don't have to do that if you don't want to.

You can just ignore that and have a go at writing your own sentence.

But if you wanted to be really ambitious and have a go at writing a relative complex sentence, then the scaffold is there to help you.

So pause the video now.

Remember, the most important thing is to write a sentence using the word gleaming.

Off you go.

Okay, well done.

Let's go through some examples.

So you might have written something like, "Welcome to toothbrushes are us!" Yelled the salesman with a gleaming smile.

Ooh, you might have noticed that I've included some speech in that sentence.

Oz's gleaming white teeth, which had just been whitened by the dentist, gave her a true movie star smile.

You can see there Oz's gleaming white teeth, there's my expanded noun phrase, and then I've got my extra information.

Oz's gleaming white teeth gave her a true movie star smile.

That's the main clause, but I've interrupted it, which had just been whitened by the dentist.

I'm giving some relevant information about her gleaming white teeth.

And finally, the disco ball reflected in Stax's gleaming eyes as he played another song.

So imagine Stax, he's the giraffe.

And imagine maybe he's swaying on the dance floor and there's a disco ball and it reflected in his gleaming eyes as he played another song.

Maybe Stax is the DJ in that sentence.

Okay, so all of those sentences are very different sentences.

We've got one about a salesman with a gleaming smile.

We've got one about some white teeth of a movie star and one about some gleaming eyes.

So we can see how useful this word gleaming is.

So it's now time to look at our third and final new hot word.

Can you remember the first one? We had Brick with his wet skin, dripping wet.

He was looking a bit feverish, a bit ill.

Shout out to me.

Can you remember what it was? Begins with a C.

Well done.

Clammy.

And then the second one we just learned, we might have a smile or the stars, we could describe them as.

Well done.

Gleaming.

So let's see what our third new hot word is.

Okay, what's happening in this picture? Can you be a detective and look very closely at what's happening? This is Plato the platypus.

How would you describe the sun here? And how would you describe Plato? How is the sun making him feel? Pause the video while you describe what's happening now.

Okay, well the sun is weighing heavily down on Plato here, and he looks like he's struggling underneath the weight of it.

The sun looks very angry and I'm wondering what this word is going to be.

Hmm, let's find out.

Oppressive.

My turn, your turn.

Oppressive.

Well done.

So we're not saying impressive, like, "Wow, that work you just did was really impressive.

It really impress me." This word is oppressive.

It's an adjective.

It means heavy, harsh, or overpowering.

If something is overpowering, imagine somebody had some new perfume or new scent, and you smelt it.

If it was really overpowering, it's too powerful.

It probably wouldn't be very nice smell.

So oppressive is like heat so strong you feel like it is crushing you.

So just imagine that for a second.

Let's just imagine.

'Cause normally when we think about the heat, we think of it in quite a positive way.

The heat from a fire on a cosy winter's day or the heat coming down from the sun.

But just imagine for a second you are standing in the sun, perhaps in a big tarmac car park where there's nothing to shade you.

And imagine it's 35 degrees and it is so hot and that sun is pounding down on you feeling really heavy, harsh, and overpowering, almost like it's crushing you.

Just picture how that feels.

It's not very nice, is it? This is so oppressive, unlike gleaming, is quite a negative word.

Okay, let's find out what the synonyms are.

Stifling, harsh, and heavy.

The oppressive heat beat down on Plato as he plotted on slowly.

These words are word pairs of oppressive.

So if we looked up this word oppressive on the internet, it might be paired with one of these word pairs.

An oppressive system.

So let's imagine you were playing a game with a friend and they put some systems in place or some rules in place for your game.

If it was an oppressive system, it's gonna have lots of rules that maybe aren't really benefiting everyone, but it's just benefiting that person who's in charge.

So we have lots of systems in place in the world we live in, and lots of systems are really good and positive.

But if there was an oppressive system, a harsh or overpowering system, it wouldn't be very easy to follow and it perhaps would not be very nice.

Oppressive ruler.

Now, I'm not talking about the piece of stationary that you use to draw a straight line or measure something with.

It'd be a bit strange to describe that kind of ruler as oppressive.

I'm talking about a ruler as in somebody who rules you.

Perhaps that might be the ruler in your game.

Perhaps it might be some kind of dictator.

Perhaps it might be a king in a story who's an oppressive ruler.

Again, it wouldn't be very nice to be described as an oppressive ruler.

Oppressive laws.

So again, laws are something that are put in place to try and help us to live in a way that everyone is kind to each other and that people aren't doing things like stealing or things that we might not like.

But imagine if there were oppressive laws, harsh or overpowering laws, they might be quite harsh to follow.

An oppressive atmosphere.

So imagine you were in perhaps a classroom and the atmosphere around you felt oppressive.

Perhaps you might feel like you were too scared to talk or too scared to even breathe loudly.

Okay, so this word oppressive is quite tricky, and these word pairs are also quite tricky.

So let's just take some time, pause the video.

Can you please read these out loud and make sure you're not just reading it while you're thinking about what you're having for lunch.

Make sure when you are reading it, you are thinking about what these words mean.

Okay, off you go.

Okay, so let's take a look at some more word pairs of oppressive.

An oppressive government.

So a government is a group of people that might govern a country.

And again, imagine if it was an an oppressive government, overpowering heavy and harsh.

Imagine how that might make the people in that country feel.

Oppressive heat, like we were picturing at the beginning of this learning cycle.

Oppressive silence.

This is a strange one.

Imagine you were in a room with lots of people and it was so quiet that it almost felt like it was kind of crushing you, an oppressive silence.

Okay, so could you again pause the video and read those word pairs out loud? Off you go.

Well done.

Okay, let's check what we've just learned.

So this time I'm asking you which of these words is a word pair of oppressive? Not a synonym, a word pair.

Is it A, heat, B, feather, or C, butterfly? Pause the video now.

Well done.

The correct answer is A, heat.

A feather and a butterfly would definitely not be described as oppressive, but the heat could feel oppressive.

Okay, your final task for today.

Please could you circle the synonyms and draw lines to the word pairs? Remember, you've got the word in a sentence to help you.

The oppressive heat beat down on Plato as he plotted on slowly.

If the word is a synonym, you might be able to replace it in that sentence.

Pause the video While you complete this task.

Well done.

Let's go through the answers together.

So the synonyms of oppressive are stifling, heavy, and harsh.

The word pairs are oppressive system, oppressive ruler, oppressive laws, oppressive atmosphere, oppressive government, oppressive heat, and an oppressive silence.

So again, we can see how useful this word is.

We can use it in lots of different contexts.

Okay, for your final activity in this task, I would like you to write your own sentence using the word oppressive.

Here are the word pairs to help you.

And again, here is that scaffold.

If you wanted to have a go at writing a relative complex sentence.

You don't have to do that but the scaffold's there if you would like to try to be ambitious and have a go at it.

Could you pause the video now while you write your last sentence of today's lesson? Good luck.

Okay, well done.

Let's look at some examples of what you might have written.

The oppressive heat was too much.

Everyone had to stay indoors.

Nobody spoke for hours and the oppressive silence made everyone feel uncomfortable.

The oppressive laws, which everyone was trying to learn as quickly as they could, were very hard to follow.

And again, in that sentence we can see the relative clause there, which everyone was trying to learn as quickly as they could.

We've got commas around either side of the relative clause.

It starts with a relative pronoun which.

Okay, so sorry, I said that was your last task, but I was telling a lie.

We've got one more activity to do.

In this activity, you are not writing a sentence, you are just filling in the gaps with either the word clammy, gleaming, or oppressive.

Here are the sentences.

The school's mm atmosphere meant that there was no smiling allowed.

Goodness, that wouldn't be very nice, would it? The mm stars, which shone brightly, lit up the night sky.

And finally, when Bearnice was nervous, the palms of her hand sweated and became very mm.

So which of those sentences are you going to use clammy in the gap? Which of them would you use gleaming? And which of them would you use oppressive? Pause the video while you complete.

This really is the last task of today.

Good luck.

Okay, well done.

Let's go through the answers.

So we would say the school's oppressive atmosphere meant that there was no smiling allowed.

The gleaming stars, which shone brightly, lit up the night sky.

And when Bearnice was nervous, the palms of her hands sweated and became very clammy.

So three very different words there.

Oppressive is a very negative word.

Gleaming is quite a positive word.

And then clammy is something we might associate with the weather, or if we were feeling ill, or maybe if we were feeling a bit nervous.

I hope they're all really useful to you, and I hope that you've got them securely in your vocabulary toolbox ready to use in your speaking or your writing.

So let's summarise what we've learned today.

We've learned that clammy is an adjective, meaning soggy or moist, like your skin when you are sweaty or feverish.

Gleaming is an adjective, meaning shining or bright like teeth that have just been scrubbed clean by the dentist.

And oppressive, an adjective meaning heavy, harsh, or overpowering.

Like heat so strong you feel like it's crushing you.

Well done for working so hard today and hopefully, I'll see you for some more learning another time.

Bye.