Lesson video

Hello, and welcome to the today's spelling lesson.

I'm Mr. Moss, I love spelling, and I can't wait to teach you.

With you today, you need to bring your looking eyes, your listening ears, and your thinking brains.

As well as that, something to write with and write on and someone or something to talk to would also be really helpful.

Okay then, let's get straight on with today's spelling lesson.

In this spelling lesson, we're going to be spelling words with the prefixes b-i, bi, t-r-a-n-s, trans, t-e-l-e, tele, and c-i-r-c-u-m, circum.

The outcome will be, I can spell a range of words with the prefixes bi-, trans-, tele-, and circum-.

Here are the key words for today's learning, my turn, your turn.

Prefix.

Root word.

Antonym.

Brilliant.

So let's have a chat about what these words mean then.

A prefix is a letter or group of letters added to the start of a root word to change its meaning.

A root word is the base word from which other words are formed often by adding prefixes or suffixes.

And an antonym is a word that has the opposite meaning to another word.

So today we are going to be adding a range of prefixes to root words that create antonyms of those root words, opposites.

The great thing about dealing with prefixes as well is unlike suffixes, they don't change the spelling of that root word.

Here's the outline for today's lesson, we are going to begin by recapping known prefixes, so those prefixes you may know already, and I'm sure you know lots.

Then we're going to concentrate on those four key prefixes for today.

At the end, we're going to spell some curriculum words.

So let's get on with recapping the prefixes you may know already.

A prefix remember, is a letter or group of letters added to the start of a word to change its meaning and create a new word.

Here we have the root word satisfied.

If I add the prefix dis, it becomes dissatisfied, not being satisfied.

Here I have the root word spell.

If I add mis, it creates the new word misspell, which means to wrongly spell.

Interestingly there, that word ends up with a double s because of our prefix mis and our root word spell beginning with an s.

Here we have necessary.

If we add the prefix un, it becomes unnecessary.

Those words are antonyms, they are opposites.

Understanding prefixes can help us to work out the meaning of unfamiliar words.

It can also help us with our spelling.

The prefix does not change the spelling of the root word, remember, when it is added to it.

There are many different prefixes with a range of meanings.

How many prefixes can you remember? Pause the video and have a think.

Brilliant, some really great thinking going on there, and I heard some excellent prefixes being said.

You may remember these prefixes, un, meaning not, such as unhappy or unkind, not happy, not kind.

In, meaning not or into, inhuman, insincere, we could also use that inject, meaning to put a fluid into something.

Dis, meaning not, distrust and dislike.

Mis, meaning wrongly, mistake, miscalculate, to calculate something a mass wrongly.

De means undo, deflate, decompose.

Re, to do again, reappear to appear again, rebuild, to build again.

Super, meaning above or beyond the norm.

A supermarket, a larger than the normal market, supersonic.

Inter, meaning between, interact, and interaction between a group of people, or international.

That relationship or link between more than one country.

Anti, meaning against, antibacterial or anti-war.

Against bacteria, against war.

And finally, auto, meaning self or own, autobiography.

So biography about one's self, or automatic, something that works of its own accord.

Match the prefix to its meaning.

We have anti, sub, in and un.

And we have the meanings under or nearly, not and against.

Match them now, off you go.

See if you can think of any words that contain them to help you.

Brilliant.

So anti, anti-war, antibacterial means against.

Sub, submarine or subtropics means under or nearly.

In, insincere, means not, and un, unlikeable, again means the same as in, not.

Those in and un often create antonyms, words that are the opposite of the root word to which they have been added.

The prefix in can also mean in as in into, like the word inject, to force fluid into something.

Which prefixes can you add to these words to create their antonyms, their opposites? We have replaceable, mobile, logical.

Which prefixes might you add? Off you go.

Brilliant job team, I loved hearing children trying to say different prefixes in front of them to sound out or to hear which one sounded correctly.

Great job.

So replaceable.

Think about this, remember some rules around adding prefixes? It may be the same letter or end in the same letter that the root word begins with.

So replaceable is something that is replaceable.

To create the opposite, we add ir, i-r to create irreplaceable, something that cannot be replaced.

Mobile, we add im to create immobile, and logical to create the opposite, the antonym, we add il, illogical.

Notice how the r is doubled here, the m has doubled here and the l has doubled here.

Remember that rule when adding prefixes, often you'll add the prefix which ends in the same letter as the root word begins.

The prefixes il, il, ir and im are variations of the prefix in and they all mean not.

Therefore, they create antonyms of those root words, the opposites.

Explain the meaning of each word.

Use the prefixes to help you, undo.

Redo.

Think about those prefixes, un and re.

What do these words therefore mean? Off you go.

Great job.

So undo is to reverse the effects of something, it is the antonym of doing.

Redo means to do again or differently.

Excellent.

For our practise task now, what I'd like us to do is create new words by using the prefixes that I'm about to show you.

You can use each prefix only once, so be careful because the prefixes might work with more than one word or one root word, but you can only use each one of these once, they match up with the root words very carefully.

So think carefully about which prefix will match each root word.

Pause the video now, have a go at creating those new words.

Off your go team.

Superb job, excellent work.

So I'm hoping you've created these new words.

Inter, action.

Brilliant, creates the word interaction.

Anti, social.

Antisocial.

Fortune became misfortune.

Perfect became imperfect.

That antonym.

And active became inactive.

Something that is not active.

Brilliant job.

Check, see how you did.

Remember the spelling of those root words won't change.

Onto our next learning cycle then, which is to spell words with those prefixes that we are concentrating on today, bi, trans, tele and circum.

Read these words, my turn, your turn.

Bilingual.

As we read these words as well, I'd like you to consider what is the prefix here, can you recognise a root word? Binary.

Transport, or transport.

Transatlantic.

Telephone.

Television.

Circumstance, or circumstance, dependent on pronunciation.

Circumference.

Brilliant.

So all of these words begin with the prefixes bi, trans, tele or circum.

We can see that here.

You may recognise too some of the root words such as phone or vision.

There may be some less obvious root words as well.

We are going to investigate how these prefixes inform the meaning of the words and the related spelling patterns linked to them.

Let's explore first the meaning of bi.

We have here my turn, your turn, binary, bisect.

Bicycle that you can ride.

Let's look at some definitions then.

Binary is a system of numerical notation that has two digits.

You can also give binary answers yes or no.

To divide, bisect means to divide or cut something into two equal parts or halves.

So, so far we've got binary, meaning a system of numerical notation has two digits, or a binary question which just have two answers, yes or no, and also bisect, which means to cut into two equal parts or halves.

Bicycle then is a two-wheeled vehicle.

What do you think bi might mean then? What links all of these words? Great thinking.

Absolutely, we have bi meaning two or twice, binary being two digits, bisect meaning two parts or two halves, and bicycle, a two wheeled vehicle.

Bi means twice.

Using your knowledge of the meaning of the prefix bi, explain the meaning of the word bilingual.

Think about the root word there as well, it links to language, have a think.

Brilliant.

Someone who is bilingual then is someone who speaks two languages, bi meaning two or twice remember, lingual being to do of language.

The prefix by means two or twice.

Choose the correct spelling of the word.

How do you know? Bicycle.

Brilliant.

Well, we know our prefix is bi, b-i, so we can immediately get rid of b, and cycle, we should know it spell from words like recycle, bicycle or cycle.

The pronunciation is different, but the spelling of that root word is the same.

So it's b-i-c-y-c-l-e.

I know the prefix bi is spelled with an i and it means two, like two wheels.

I know there's a soft c and the letters is y, i and e, They're making the sound s, bicycle.

Let's explore the meaning of the prefixed trans.

Let's look at some words that use it.

My turn, your turn.

Transfer.

Transparent.

Transmit.

So a transfer is to move from one place to another.

Transparent is clear or see through, and transmit is to send from one place to another.

What do you think trans might mean then? Brilliant.

So the prefix trans means across, beyond or through.

Transfers being sent across to another place.

Transparent can be seen through, and transfer means to send from one place across to another.

Choose the correct spelling of the word and consider how you know, think about the prefix and if there's a stem or route that you recognise.

Transmit.

Great job.

So the first one phonetically makes sense, doesn't it? Trans, and it sounds like a z, but our prefix is trans, but t-r-a-n-s.

So be careful.

And then mit, m-i-t, transmit.

It won't have two n's, so our correct spelling is this one here.

Even though it sounds like tranz, I know the prefix is trans t-r-a-n-s.

It's s spelled with an s.

Transmit means the send from one place across to another.

I transmitted the signal from one pace to the next.

Now let's explore that prefixed tele.

I'm sure you recognise this one.

Teleport.

Telephone.

Telescope.

Hmm.

Teleport means to move instantly to another place.

Telephone is a device for talking to others far away.

And a telescope is a tool for seeing things that are far away or distant objects.

So what do you think tele might mean? Brilliant.

The prefix tele means distant.

Teleport, transporting to a distant place instantly.

Telephone, talking to someone in a distant place or far away.

Telescope, a tool for seeing distant objects more closely, or in more detail.

Choose the correct spelling of the word and consider how you know, television.

Brilliant.

The correct spelling is this one here.

The reason I know how to spell the prefix tele is t-e-l-e.

I know that it is found in the words telephone and telescope two, this helped me to choose the right spelling.

I've got tele spelled, t-e-l-e, and my root word vision, v-i-s-i-o-n.

That's shin or zhin made by the sion spelling, television.

Finally, we're going to look at the prefix circum.

You may recognise this is similar to a word you know already.

Circumference is our first word.

Circumvent, really cool word.

And circumnavigate, another awesome word.

So the circumference of something is the distance around the circle.

And that word circle links to circum or circumference.

Circumvent is to find your way around or to avoid something.

And circumnavigate is to travel or sail all the way around something, especially the world.

She circumnavigated the globe.

She would've gone the whole way around the world.

So what do you think circum might mean then? Have a think.

Great job.

Circum means round, and it is to do with that circular link there within spelling and meaning.

Choose the correct spelling of the word and consider how you know, the word is circumference.

Good job.

The correct spelling is a.

I know that the prefix circum, c-i-r-c-u-m has a soft c at the beginning, like circle, they're linked in spelling and meaning.

I remember erence, e-r-e-n-c-e ending, of this word like the words conference, and also reference, circumference.

That distance around an object.

You may recognise a prefix in a word without knowing the meaning of the root word or stem.

For instance, transfer has trans, or transfer if you prefer, but no obvious stem or route.

Autopsy has auto, translate has trans, and biceps has bi.

Recognising the prefix is still going to help you with the spelling and also your understanding of the meaning of the word.

So for instance, biceps are those dual muscles, two.

What is the meaning of each of the prefix, these prefixes, trans, tele and circum? Pause the video, have a think, tell it to someone around you now.

Off you go.

Great job.

So trans means across.

Think about words like translate.

Tele means distance, television, telescope, teleport.

And circum means, means around, circumstance, circumvent, circumnavigate.

We for our practise tasks now are going to have a go at spelling some words that contain these prefixes.

So you can have to listen very carefully.

Remember too, sound it out, think of the root word if there is an obvious one, remember there may not be there.

Think of the spelling rules that we've looked at.

Remember the spelling of the root word or the stem won't change when we add the prefix.

And also to read the word and check.

Our first word is transmitted.

I transmitted a message.

Transmitted.

Number two, television.

I watched the television.

Number three, circumference.

I worked out the circumference of the shape.

Number four, transport or transport.

And number five, bicycle.

I rode my bicycle down the street.

I'll say those words one more time, transmitted, television, circumference, transport or transport, and bicycle.

Have a go at writing those words now.

Off you go.

Incredible job team.

Really, really great use of our prefixes there.

So first word was transmitted.

Now trans sounds like a z, but if you know it's our t-r-a-n-s.

And then we have mitted.

Now, root word here is trans, or the linked word here is transmit, which ends in that t, eh, eh.

We are adding our e-d suffix, so we need to double the t and then add e-d, transmitted.

We then have television.

Our prefix here is tele, spelled t-e-l-e.

Vision is v-i, and it's that sion spelled s-i-o-n.

Television is the correct spelling here.

The next one was circumference, circum meaning round here.

C is a saucy, c-i-r-c-u-m, circum, and then umference.

Watch out for that first e as it often isn't particularly stressed.

Circumference.

This is our correct spelling here.

Like the words reference.

And transport or transport.

Trans again, s, I know it sounds like a z, but it's s, transport, p-o-r-t.

There's a port in transport.

And finally, bicycle, bi spelled b-i, meaning two.

Cycle, or cycle, c-y-c-l-e, bicycle.

Great job.

Make any corrections now and share your learning.

And finally onto our final learning cycle, spelling curriculum words.

Let's read the following curriculum words.

Enough.

I have had enough.

Naughty.

What do you notice about these spellings? Pause the video and have a think.

Great.

Well, I've noticed they have some strange spelling strings in them, don't they? Enough has our o-u-g-h spelling string in it.

The phrase "O U Grumpy hippo" can help us remember this, o-u-g-h.

Here we have a grumpy hippo to help us remember.

Now naughty has our a-u-g-h, which is linked to that o-u-g-h spelling string.

The phrase, another upside down grumpy hippo can help us to remember this similar spelling string.

And here's our upside down grumpy hippo.

So we have o-u-g-h, o u grumpy hippo, and a-u-g-h, another upside down grumpy hippo, and enough and naughty.

With that in mind, which of these words that we've just read are spelled correctly? And can you remember that device that helps you remember how to spell them correctly with the letter strings? Point to the correct spelling of enough.

Go.

Great job.

It's e-n-o-u grumpy hippo, enough.

It's an with an o-u-g-h spelling.

Point to the correct spelling of naughty, go.

Brilliant.

Now remember, hmm, ough, that ough is spelled another upside down grumpy hippo, t-e, and that e at the end is a y.

It's an adjective, naughty.

Brilliant.

So we are now going to practise these words by looking, covering, writing and checking.

A really good independent strategy that allows you to practise tricky words.

Remember these are curriculum words as well, so they're going to appear very often, so it's important we are confident with spelling, writing, and reading them.

So enough, I look at it very carefully, e-n-o-u-g-h, o u grumpy hippo.

I cover it up and write it, ideally use my joined up cursive handwriting to make really good links to my hand and my brain, my muscle memory.

I then look back and check.

So I looked covered, wrote, and checked.

I do this a number of times.

Pause the video now, use this strategy to practise enough and naughty.

Off you go.

Brilliant.

Did you manage to spell them correctly? Pause the video now, share your learning, and make any corrections.

Off you go.

Great job in spelling today team.

We've been looking at prefixes.

Remember, a prefix is a letter or group of letters at the start of a word which changes its meaning and does not alter the spelling of the root word.

Really important.

The prefix bi means two.

And the prefix trans with that s means across.

The prefix tele means distant, like telephone, telescope, television.

And the prefix circum means around, circumnavigate, circumstance, circumvent.

Recognising prefixes can help us understand a word's meaning and help us to spell it.

Keep an eye and an ear up for some of these prefixes in your reading and writing.

And keep up the great spelling practise.

I'll see you again soon.