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Hello, and welcome to today's spelling lesson.

I'm Mr. Moss.

I love spelling, and I'm really looking forward to teaching you.

With you for today's lesson, you need to bring your looking eyes, your listening ears, and your thinking brains, as well as that setting to a right with and right on.

And someone or something to talk to you, would also be excellent.

Right, let's get right into today's spelling lesson then.

In this spelling lesson, we're going to be spelling further homophones and near-homophones.

Here's the outcome.

It will be, I can spell a range of homophones and near-homophones.

Here are the key words for today's learning.

My turn, your turn.

Homophone.

Near-homophone.

Spelling.

Keep an eye on and ear out for these today.

Let's have a chat about what they mean then.

Remember that homophones are words that sound the same but have different spellings and different meanings.

Near-homophones are linked to homophones.

They're words that sound very similar to another word with a different spelling and different meaning.

They might have slightly different pronunciation, so they might not sound exactly the same, but they're near enough that we need to learn them.

And the spelling is the act of forming words by arranging letters in the correct order.

So, we're gonna be looking at words that might sound the same or similar today, but that have different spellings and different meanings.

Here's the lesson outline, only two learning cycles.

We're gonna look at homophones and near-homophones in the first learning cycle, and then we're going to be applying spellings within a sentence.

Let's get on with looking at some homophones and near-homophones then.

Homophones sound the same but have different spellings and meanings.

We get this word from Greek, the homo part there coming from homos, meaning one and the same, and the phone being that sound, like telephone, something you listen to a sound through.

So homos, phone, same, sound.

Andeep rowed the boat down the river.

The road to the house was bumpy and poorly lit.

In these sentences, the words rowed and road are homophones.

They sound the same but are spelled differently, and also have very different meanings.

Andeep rowed with our ED is a verb.

It's that action.

He's rowing the boat.

The road to the house is a noun.

It's the road you are driving along.

It's a thing.

They're spelt differently and have different meanings.

Although these words sound the same when spoken, they have different spellings and different meanings.

We call these my turn, your turn, homophones, and I'd like to do this action of cupping my ear, homophones.

With that in mind, I'd like you to read these words from both sides.

Can you match the homophones? Remember, they're words that sound the same but are spelled differently and have different meanings.

I'm wondering also if you could use each one in a sentence, and if you know their meaning, pause the video, match the homophones now.

Off you go.

Brilliant job, team.

So our first one is mist.

Mist, M-I-S-T is a noun.

It's that water vapour that might cover an area and make it difficult for you to see.

Missed, M-I-S-S-E-D is our verb.

I missed the opportunity.

We then have heard, which is our past tense of hear.

We don't say hid, it's in a regular past tense heard.

But then we have herd, H-E-R-D, as in a herd of cattle or sheep.

We have aisle, I walked down the aisle, that space between the rows.

We also have isle, I-S-L-E linked to island.

And then we finally have guest, G-U-E-S-T, a strange spelling there, guest with that naughty U-S-T word, there being a noun, a guest that might come to stay.

And then we have guessed with our ED, as in, I guessed the answer.

Well, done if you managed to sort them, and also well done if you knew their meanings.

A word may be a homophone or a near-homophone, depending on your accent or pronunciation.

Near-homophone sound very similar to another word, but have a different spelling and a different meaning.

And we're gonna look at some of these in today's lesson.

For instance, the mountain peak, was further away than I thought.

So further, as in that distance there.

My father works from home on Mondays.

Further and farther here sound very similar, don't they? I'm wondering if you can spot the near-homophones in these sentences.

Pause the video and see if you can spot them.

Great, absolutely.

We have further and father.

Depending on how you pronounce further or father, they might sound very similar, but they have very different meanings and different spellings.

So they're what we would call near-homophones.

Read these words for me.

I'm gonna give you some time now to have a go at reading them all and then we'll do my turn, your turn.

Off you go, read them.

Great, the first word is altar, as in an altar in a church, something that you might pray at.

Then we have dessert.

We have ascent, as in to ascend something, to go up, except, further as in the distance, draught or draught, as in the first version of something that you've written, and ruff, as in a collar that you might have around your neck.

Some of these words are homophones.

They sound the same as other words, but they have different spellings and meanings.

Some are near-homophones, so they sound quite similar but not exactly the same, but again, have different spellings and meanings.

So altar is a homophone, Altar, A-L-T-A-R is a thing you might pray at in a church or you might alter something, the action of changing something, that's our ER spelling.

A near-homophone example is dependent on pronunciation, dessert, and desert.

Dessert, double S, is as in the dessert you might eat, and we have desert, that landscape that has little or no rain.

We have ascent, now that's a homophone.

Ascent with our SC spelling is in to ascend upwards, and assent, A-S-S-E-N-T is to agree and to listen.

Except and accept depending on how you pronounce them.

Farther and father, so father away or my father.

And then draught, draught, D-R-A-F-T, as in that preliminary copy of something you might write, I wrote a draught email.

Or draught, D-R-A-U-G-H-T, the draught coming in underneath the door, that cold breeze coming in.

Ruff, R-U-F-F is that collar that you might wear, or rough, as in the rough seas, O-U-G-H.

Near-homophones sound very similar to another word, but have a different spelling and a different meaning.

As with homophones, we must use the context and the position within the sentence to help us.

It was sunny every day except for Wednesday.

I accept the rules of the game and I will follow them.

Can you spot the near-homophones in this sentence? Read them again.

See if you can hear the near-homophones.

Brilliant job.

It was sunny every day except for Wednesday, so E-X-C-E-P-T.

I accept, so it sounds very similar here, doesn't it? The rules of the game.

One is an exception, okay? It's not the rule, and then I accept means you agree, you've made an acceptance of the rules.

You can use the context of the sentence to work out the spelling of the homophone.

Can you spot the homophones in these sentences? The priest placed the candles on the altar.

If we alter the plan, people might get confused.

See if you can spot the homophones there.

Read those sentences again.

Great, the priest placed the candles on the altar.

The altar there is a thing, it's a noun.

It's that place that you might pray at in a religious institution, a building.

If we alter the plan, that's a verb, that's the action of changing something.

People might get confused.

So our homophones here were alter and altar.

Knowing the meanings of homophones and near-homophones helps us to spell and use them correctly.

So we must just learn many of these.

The word, altar, A-L-T-A-R, refers to a raised table used for religious ceremonies within a religious building.

The priest placed the candles on the altar.

The word, alter, A-L-T-E-R, means to make something different or to change something.

If we alter the plan, people might get confused.

It's an action word.

True or false.

Near-homophones are words that sound exactly the same, but they have different spellings and meanings.

Absolutely, it is false.

And I'm wondering if you can choose the correct justification for your answer now from A or B.

Read them and choose, off you go.

Great job.

Near-homophones sound very similar to another word, but have different spelling of meaning or homophones sound the same, but they have different spellings and meanings.

They sound very similar, but there's a slight difference, often dependent on pronunciation.

Which spelling fits the gap of this sentence? Listen carefully.

My father will pick me up from school today.

A, B or C.

Pick the correct spelling, think about the context.

Great, it's this one here, father, that noun.

It's not the other two because they're to do the distance away.

It wouldn't have made sense in this context of the sentence.

You needed that noun, father.

The way a word is spelt and its place within a sentence will tell us the meaning.

The spelling of near-homophones and homophones can be easily confused.

Listen to these near-homophones in sentences and see if you can work out their meaning.

It was extremely hot and dry in the desert.

I ate the most delicious dessert at the weekend.

Use the context of the sentence to work out the meaning of the word.

What does each word mean? Great job, team.

Well, it was extremely hot and dry in the desert.

That's going to help us with our pronunciation and our meaning there.

Our one S is that dry landscape with very little rain.

I ate the most delicious dessert, double S, that's that noun, that thing you're going to eat after you've had your dinner.

Some homophones or near-homophones have similarities.

If we can remember the spelling of one, this can help us spell other words with related meanings.

The children nodded in assent.

Some children voiced their dissent against the new rule.

So assent is agreement, dissent is disagreement.

We started the ascent up the stairs, that means moving upwards.

The aeroplane began its descent, moving downwards.

Notice how they're linked in spelling here.

Assent and dissent, agree or disagree, both have a double S.

And ascent, to go up, and descent, to go down, have that SC spelling ending also in that NT.

I'd like you for this practise task to listen really carefully to the homophones or near-homophones that I say, and select the correct spelling.

We've looked at all of these so far today.

If you get taller, we may need to alter the length of the dress.

So change the length.

It was a bumpy ascent through the clouds.

So that move upwards.

We need to walk farther into the forest.

So going that farther distance.

They go to school every day except for the weekend.

The bride and groom stood at the altar.

I'll say them one more time.

Number one, alter, as in to change.

Number two, ascent.

Number three, farther.

Number four, except.

And number five, altar.

Watch out.

Consider the context, pause the video and fill in the gaps now, off you go.

Incredible job, team.

Really, really, really great job.

This is so tricky, isn't it? If you get taller, we may need to alter the length of the dress.

Be careful with this homophone, it's that action of changing, A-L-T-E-R.

It was a bumpy ascent through the clouds.

Well, you're not agreeing, are you? So it's not our double S spelling, it's our A-S-C-E-N-T, to move upwards.

We need to walk farther into the forest.

It's not going to be F-A-T-H-E-R, as in the father and son, or father and daughter.

It's farther, as in that distance, how far? F-A-R, that's how you can help remember that one.

They go to school every day accept at the weekends.

Well, they're not accepting going to school here, it's an exception, except, E-X-C-E-P-T.

And the bride and groom stood at the altar.

This is that homophone with that word earlier, but it's that noun here.

It's that place they're standing at that raised platform in that religious building.

How did you do? Make any corrections now.

Brilliant job.

Onto our next learning cycle then, which is applying spellings within a sentence.

Let's read the following words.

Peculiar, something that is strange.

Particular.

What do you notice about these spellings? Say them again.

Think about how they're spelt.

Is there anything tricky about them? Off you go.

Brilliant job, team.

So I've noticed a couple of things.

In peculiar, the letter I there is pronounced as an /ee/ sound.

Peculiar, it's not peculiar.

Peculiar.

There is the word, liar, in peculiar though, but it's pronounced differently.

Often the letters, CK, if you look at the word particular, come after our short vowel sound, and here we have an /ii/ particular, but it's not.

It's just a single C.

So this can be confusing.

It's a single C on its own, particular.

It's also an AR spelling at the end.

Point to the correct spelling of the words that we've just looked at.

Peculiar.

Great job.

It's this one here, isn't it? It's that I spelling for that E sound.

I remember this always as there's a liar in peculiar.

Particular, point to the correct spelling now, off you go.

Great job.

Particular, be careful.

It's that ish short vowel sound, but a single C, and then U-L-A-R, particular.

Great, so let's read some more curriculum words.

Medicine.

He was unwell so he took some medicine.

Aggressive.

The team plays a very aggressive attacking style of defence.

What do you notice about these spellings? Is there anything tricky about them? Pause the video and have a think.

Great job.

Well, I've noticed a couple of things.

In medicine, there's a soft C isn't there, but it sounds like an S.

So we call that soft C, medicine, and also, there's a silent E at the end.

So watch out for that one.

It's a bit of a naughty letter.

Aggressive has a double G and a double S, which can often be mistaken for single letters, and it also has that E at the end, which can often be forgotten.

Okay, quick fire round, point to the correct spelling of medicine.

Great, medicine, that soft C, making an S sound, and that E at the end, medicine.

And point to the correct spelling of aggressive.

Great, aggressive, double G, double S, and that E at the end, aggressive.

Great.

So let's look at some homophones really quickly.

Ruff and rough.

Draught and draught.

Hmm, ruff, R-U-F-F is something that might be worn around your neck.

Rough, O-U-G-H, oh you grumpy hippo, is that rough sea.

Draught, D-R-A-F-T, or draught if you prefer is that preliminary version of something you might write.

I wrote a draught email, and draught, another upside down grumpy hippo, A-U-G-H-T, is that wind or that breeze that might come through a crack in a door or window, make you cold.

They all contain different F sounds, don't they? Ruff, rough, draught, draught, but it's spelled differently in each word.

There are no specific patterns here.

So we can come up with our own ideas to help us remember this.

For example, a ruff, double F there at the end, is a fancy, frilly collar worn by men and women in the 1500s and the 1600s around their necks.

So remember that as fancy, frilly, ruff, fancy, frilly collar.

These near-homophones are spelled slightly differently, and they sound slightly different too.

I'm going to order chocolate cake for dessert, S-S-E-R-T.

Some plants and animals can survive in the desert, that dry place.

Look at the letter that is different and try and come up with your own way to remember the correct spelling.

Off you go.

Brilliant.

I'm wondering what you come up with there.

Share those with me and those around you now.

Great, some really creative ideas there.

So from the homophones we've looked at or the near homophones, select the correct spelling in each sentence.

Read through the sentences and select the correct spellings now.

Off you go.

Brilliant job, team.

The surface of the volcanic rock felt rough, so it's rough to touch.

Well, it's not that fancy, frilly collar, is it? It's rough, O-U-G-H, brilliant.

The king wore a ruff formally.

Well, that is our fancy, frilly collar.

It's something he's wearing.

It's not describing, it's not an adjective describing how something felt, it is R-U-F-F.

A cactus is well-suited to life in the desert.

Well, it's not a dessert that we are eating, is it? So it's not a double S, it's desert.

If you finish your food, you can have your dessert.

It's not here at the desert, that warm dry place that you're eating.

It's your dessert, with our double S, so be careful.

We are now going to have a go writing a sentence containing some of our focus spellings.

When we write the whole sentence, we need to do several things at once.

We need to remember the whole sentence, sound out each word, think of the spelling rules we've been looking at.

Remember, there really are no spelling rules of homophones.

So you think carefully about the context of the sentence.

Look out for those common exception and curriculum words we've looked at like medicine already in this lesson.

And remember your sentence punctuation.

So listen to me, say the sentence.

First of all, listen to me and try and hold the sentence in your head.