Lesson video

Hello, and welcome to today's spelling lesson.

I'm Mr. Moss, I love spelling, and I'm really looking forward to teaching you.

With you for today's lesson, you need to bring your looking eyes, your listening ears, and your thinking brains, as well as that, something to write with and write on.

And someone or something to talk to you would also be excellent.

Right, let's get right into today's spelling lesson then.

In today's spelling lesson, we're gonna be spelling words with the suffixes E-N-C-E and E-N-C-Y.

The outcome will be, "I can spell words using the suffixes E-N-C-E and E-N-C-Y." Here are the key words for today's learning.

Keep an eye and ear out for these.

My turn, your turn.

Root word, suffix, noun, abstract noun, adjective.

Great.

Let's have a chat about what these words mean then.

A root word is the base word from which other words are formed, often by adding prefixes or suffixes.

And today, we're going to be adding suffixes, which is a letter or group of letters that we add to the end of word to change its meaning.

Adding suffixes can often change the word class of the word as well.

Noun is a word class.

It's a naming word for a person, place, or thing.

An abstract noun is a type of noun that names an idea or quality that cannot be seen.

And an adjective describes a noun.

It tells you what it's like.

So today, we are going to be adding suffixes to the ends of words which create nouns, particularly abstract nouns and also adjectives.

Here's the outline for today's lesson.

We're going to begin by linking the suffixes E-N-T, E-N-C-E, and E-N-C-Y.

We are then going to have a good creating our very own word maps, which I can't wait for.

And we're going to finish the lesson out by having a look at spelling some curriculum words.

Let's get on with linking the suffixes E-N-T, E-N-C-E, and E-N-C-Y then.

Read some words for me.

My turn, your turn.

Innocence, decency, frequency, confidence, obedience, independence, fluency, consistency.

What do you notice about all of these words? Well, I've noticed that they all end in our suffixes E-N-C-E or E-N-C-Y.

You may also recognise some root words here.

They are also abstract nouns.

Abstract nouns are a type of thing, but they have no physical form.

They're often ideas or values.

The suffixes N-E-S-S, I-T-Y, T-I-O-N, tion, and A-N-C-E, and A-N-C-Y can also create abstract nouns such as happiness, equality, education, abundance, so a large amount of something, and vacancy, an empty position.

All of these words have a related word ending in E-N-T.

I'm wondering if you can figure out what those words might be.

Have a look at the words we have with E-N-C-E or E-N-C-Y and see if you can figure out the related words.

I'll give you one as an example.

Innocence has the word innocent, which is linked in both spelling and meaning.

Pause the video and see if you can figure out the other related words.

Great job, amazing.

So decency obviously has a linked word decent for that soft C.

Frequency has our frequent spelling, some which comes along often.

Confidence, of course, confident, obedience has obedient, independence, independent.

Fluency with that soft C there, fluency, fluent, and consistency has consistent.

Hmm, you may notice something here.

All of our E-N-T spellings also have either E-N-C-E or E-N-C-Y.

They are linked, aren't they, in their spelling and also meaning? They all contain that E-N-T as opposed to an A-N-T or an E-N-C-E or an E-N-C-Y as opposed to an A-N-C-E or an A-N-C-Y.

Changing the E-N-T suffix to E-N-C-E or E-N-C-Y suffix can change the word from an adjective to a noun.

As we know with adding suffixes, it could often change the word class.

The boy was congratulated for his excellent work.

Here we've had our root word excel.

We've doubled the L and added our E-N-T suffix to create an adjective.

It's an adjective here, because it's describing the work.

Work is our noun, excellence is our adjective.

Adjectives describe nouns.

He demonstrated excellence throughout the day.

The word excellence here is an abstract noun.

It is the name of an idea, a quality, the quality of being excellent.

So we've replaced our E-N-T suffix here, which created an adjective, with E-N-C-E, and we have made an abstract noun.

Please have a look at these two sentences.

Which word classes are fluent and fluency? Off you go.

Brilliant, so Maria is a fluent Spanish speaker.

The word fluent here is an adjective.

It is describing Maria, our noun.

She is fluent, she completely understands Spanish.

It is important to achieve fluency in our times tables.

The word fluency here is an abstract noun.

It's the state of being fluent.

So we can see here our E-N-T suffix created an adjective, but our E-N-C-Y suffix, like our E-N-C-E suffix, has created an abstract noun.

Just as it can be hard to tell the difference between E-N-T and A-N-T, 'cause they often aren't stressed and it sounds like unt, it can also be hard to tell the difference between E-N-C-E, A-N-C-E, E-N-C-Y, and A-N-C-Y.

The end of innocence and tolerance can both sound like unce.

We don't clearly say innocence, tolerance.

They sound like unce, they sound very similar.

The end of decency and hesitancy can both sound like uncy.

Again, we don't really emphasise the E or the A.

Luckily, our knowledge of the spelling of related words can help us to make informed decisions with these new spellings.

Words ending in E-N-T are often found after a soft C or a soft G, soft C being a S sound, soft G being a J sound.

Whilst words ending in A-N-T often come after a hard C, C, or a hard G, G.

Innocent, soft C, E-N-T, intelligent, soft G, E-N-T, significant, hard C, A-N-T, elegant, hard G, A-N-T.

The same principle here of soft C's and G's and hard C's and G's applies to when we add the endings, the suffix endings.

A-N-C-E, A-N-C-Y, E-N-C-E, and E-N-C-Y.

Let's have a look at this in action.

My turn, your turn.

Innocence.

Ooh, soft C, so it's our E-N-C-E in the same way innocent was E-N-T.

Intelligence, a linked word with intelligent.

Soft G, E-N-C-E.

Decency.

Decent will be our linked word here.

E-N-T.

So this is E-N-C-Y.

Significance, C, C, hard C, so it's A-N-C-E in the same way significant with a hard C was also A-N-T.

Elegance, well, elegant was A-N-T, so elegance with a hard G is A-N-C-E.

And vacancy, oh, vacant as in that emptiness is A-N-T.

Vacancy, A-N-C-Y.

With that in mind, I'd like us now to have a go at spotting the sound that we hear before our spellings of the suffixes.

Is it soft C or hard C, soft G or hard G? And then what spelling does that mean we have at the end for the suffix? Read this word for me.

Great, it's arrogance.

What do you hear there? I can hear a hard G.

So it's an A-N-C-E.

The next word, read that word for me.

Urgency.

Say it for me.

Urgency.

I didn't say urgency, it's not a hard C, it's a soft G, well done.

So we have our E-N-C-Y, because it's a soft G.

We get that, it's a linked word there with the word urgent.

E-N-T.

Ready? Read that word.

Brilliant.

My turn, your turn.

Vacancy, vacancy.

Oh, that's a hard C.

So it's our A-N-C-Y spelling, just like it would be A-N-T for the adjective vacant.

Read this word for me.

Brilliant.

Significance.

Its significance could not be understated, significance.

It is a hard C.

So it's A-N-C-E, just like with the word significant, that linked word.

Read this word for me.

Brilliant, magnificence.

So S, S, soft C, E-N-C-E.

Just like the word magnificent is also an E-N-T spelling.

Read this word.

Brilliant, diligence.

So here, a soft G.

So it is our E-N-C-E spelling, just like the word diligent would be E-N-T.

Just as the E-N-T spelling is found after Q-U, so too are their related words and spellings.

Frequent, subsequent, frequency, subsequently.

The E-N-C-Y spelling comes after Q-U in the same way our E-N-T spelling does.

Just like words ending in E-N-T, words ending in E-N-C-E or E-N-C-Y may have a related word in which you can hear the E or the F sound more clearly.

Confidence, which can sound like an unce.

So it's not clearly E-N-C-E for us, but confidential to E, E, we can hear the E there.

Residence, the place that someone lives in.

Residential.

A residential area, a place where people live.

Residential, D, E, E.

Again, you can hear the E there, the E spelling.

Presidency.

Presidential, a linked word.

Thinking of the related word can help us to choose the correct A-N-C-E, A-N-C-Y, E-N-C-E, or E-N-C-Y spelling.

So with all the rules that we've just looked at in mind, I'd like you to choose the correct spelling of these words.

Read them and choose the correct spelling.

Off you go.

Brilliant job, team.

I wonder if you've got a reason as to why you know which spelling is correct as well.

Let's see how you've done.

The first word is substance.

It's an A-N-C-E.

The next word was residence, which is an E-N-C-E.

The way that I know this is that I can hear that A or the A in substantial, a linked word, and the E or the E In residential, a linked word to residence.

Remember to make use of those linked words.

Frequency is this one.

And we remember this just like with our E-N-T suffix.

It likes to come after a Q-U the same way our E-N-C-E or our E-N-C-Y suffix likes to come after Q-U as well.

Pause the video, read these words, and select the correct spellings.

Remember, use those rules, see if you can reason why which spelling is correct.

Brilliant job, team.

So, magnificence.

Oh, soft C there, isn't it? So it's our E-N-C-E.

It's the E-N-C spelling, which goes with our soft C.

The next word is potency.

It's our E-N-C-Y spelling.

And we have here observance, our A-N-C-E.

And the reason I know this is because in the linked word potential, I can hear the E, E.

So in potency, it's the E.

And then in observation, I can hear that A spelling there, which is a linked word with observance.

It sounds like unce, so we can use that linked knowledge to help us there.

Brilliant.

So we are now for our practise task going to have a go at writing some words that end in the suffixes that we have been looking at today.

Think carefully, 'cause it might, you might not hear clearly which spelling it is.

Remember to sound it out.

Think of the root or related word.

Think of the spelling rules that we've looked at today.

For instance, is it a Q-U before it? And read the word and check it out loud.

Often seeing it written down will also help us to know whether it looks right or wrong as well.

So listen to me carefully.

The first word, number one, is innocence.

She pleaded her innocence.

Number two, frequency.

Number three, fluency.

You have excellent, times table fluency.

Number four, confidence.

She showed her confidence as she completed her work.

And number five, obedience.

So a state of showing or following rules, obedience.

The dog showed its obedience to its master.

So number one, innocence.

Number two, frequency.

Number three, fluency.

Number four, confidence.

And number five, obedience.

Pause the video, off you go.

Amazing job, team.

This is quite difficult, isn't it? It's very difficult because you don't often really clearly hear which spelling it is.

It's not emphasised, it's not as stressed.

So it sounds like unce.

So I'm hoping you've managed to apply those rules that we've been looking at.

You're working so hard and keep it up.

So the first one we looked at was innocence.

Our linked word here is innocent.

It's a soft C, so it's our C-E-N-C-E.

It's an E-N-C-E spelling there.

Watch out here for the double N as well.

Frequency was our next one.

Q, Q is a Q-U spelling.

And our weak word here is frequent, isn't it? That linked word frequent.

So E-N-C-Y is our correct spelling 'cause we have the Q-U.

So it's followed by our E-N-C-Y.

Fluency was our next one.

Now we have a linked word here, fluent, fluency.

It is the C-Y.

We've removed the T and added our C-Y here.

Confidence was the next one.

Confidence.

Confident is a linked word or confidential.

If I say that, I can hear the E, E, so I know it's my E-N-C-E spelling.

And finally, obedience.

Obedient is a linked word or obediently as well is also a linked word.

It is our E-N-C-E spelling, that might just be one that we need to learn.

Great job.

Do you have any corrections to make? Share your learning and make those corrections now.

Off you go.

Onto our next learning cycle then, which is going to be creating word maps.

Creating a word map may help us to see how words are connected.

I've been talking a lot about these connections or linked words in this lesson.

The words are in what we call a word family.

My turn, your turn, word family.

That means they're connected by both their meaning and their spelling.

For example, the word depend is derived from the Latin dependere, meaning to be dependent on.

There are many related words that can be formed by adding different suffixes or prefixes such as dependent or independent being linked to that word depend.

Here you can see independent.

We've added our E-N-T suffix.

In independent, we've both added the prefix in and the suffix E-N-T.

Can you think of any other words that link to depend? Pause the video and have a think.

Brilliant.

Let's share some that I've thought.

Remember, depend here comes from the Latin dependere, meaning to be dependent on.

We have dependence with our E-N-C-E, that abstract noun.

Depends with where we've added our suffix S.

Depended with our E-D suffix.

Depending, I-N-G suffix added to it.

Independence both a prefix and a suffix added here, our E-N-C-E that we've been looking at today.

Dependency, our E-N-C-Y.

And independently, both a prefix and a suffix added there.

By noticing these connections between these words and thinking of the etymology, so where the word has come from, we help to build our word consciousness, which is really important.

This is our interest and involvement with words and it helps us to acquire new vocabulary and improve our spelling.

You may not realise it, but you've been using your word consciousness today when spelling some of those trickier E-N-C-E or E-N-C-Y words.

So with that in mind and with what we just looked at with word families, which of these words could you include in a word map linked to the word evident? Pause the video and select the words now.

Great, so evident, Well, the word evidence is definitely linked.

I've removed my E-N-T suffix then, added the E-N-C-E, and they both have the E-N-C-E or the E-N-T, they're linked.

Hmm, resident.

Well, it's got the E-N-T suffix, but they're not linked, are they? They don't have that same root, that same starting part.

Evidently on the other hand though does, doesn't it? It's our E-N-T-L-Y suffix as opposed to our E-N-T.

We've added our L-Y onto the end of that word evident.

And evacuate.

They might both begin with E-V, but those words aren't linked to meaning, are they? So we are finding words, remember, that have the same root word and are linked by their meaning and their spelling.

So I'd like you now for your task to have a go at creating your very own word map based on the word confide.

If you confide in someone, you tell them something.

This comes from the word Latin confidere, meaning to trust in or to rely firmly on.

Pause the video and see if you can come up with your own words linked to confide.

Off you go.

Brilliant job, team, I'm so impressed.

You're showing such good word consciousness.

Let's see how you've done then.

So I've come up with these words.

Maybe you have some of the same ones.

Perhaps you could add some of these to yours.

Check that you spelt them correctly as well.

We have confides, she confides in me.

Confided, I confided in her.

Confident links to this word as well.

Confidential, something that's secret and important.

Confidence, unconfident, so the prefix un and the suffix E-N-T there.

And confidant, a person you confide in.

So an A-N-T spelling here.

Did you find some similar words? Can you say each one in a sentence I wonder as well? That's always a great challenge to show that you understand the meaning of the words as well.

Add any other words from here.

Check your spellings and have a good at saying some of the words in a sentence now, off you go.

Brilliant, I loved hearing those sentences there.

Onto our final learning cycle then for today, which is spelling curriculum words.

Read the following words, accident, accidentally.

What do you notice about these spellings? Is there anything tricky about them? Pause the video and have a think.

Brilliant job, team.

So I've noticed a couple of things about each word.

Accident has our E-N-T suffix at the end and it also has a double C coming just after the A, which makes a X sound, doesn't it? Accident, might sound like an X.

Be careful with that.

When accident adds our suffix L-Y to create an adverb accidentally, it becomes accidentally with an A, double L-Y.

This follows the same pattern as words ending in I-C, for example, basic, which becomes basically.

You don't always clearly hear the A there in before that double L-Y, but it is there, so watch out.

Which of these are correctly spelled from those words we've just read? Quickfire round.

Point to the correct spelling of accident.

Brilliant.

Well, be careful.

It's a double C and it's our E-N-T suffix here, accident.

A-C-C-I-D-E-N-T.

Now if we know the spelling of that part, it helps us know this next word.

They're linked words.

They come from the same word family.

Accidentally, point to it now.

Brilliant, accidentally.

So A, double C-I-D-E-N-T, the word accident.

And we're adding our suffix L-Y, but we don't just add L-Y, it's A, double L-Y, like basic and basically.

Brilliant, team.

We've got some more curriculum words to read now.

My turn, your turn.

Especially, actually, what do you notice about these spellings? Is there anything tricky about them? Say them again.

Think about how they're spelled compared to how they sound.

Off you go.

Brilliant job, team.

So especially and actually both have our A, double L-Y at the end like accidentally that we looked at a moment ago.

But the L-Y has simply been added to the root words, which ended in A-L, as special or the word special there and actual.

Especially has the root word special and that C-I is making a sh sound, so watch out for that.

Especially.

Actually has the root word actual, which can sound a bit like actual spelled U-L-E is the way you might expect it to be spelt, but it's not spelt that way.

Saying it how it is spelt can sometimes help us here.

So saying actually does help us here.

Quickfire round, point to the correct spelling of especially.

Brilliant! Be careful here.

We've got the word special in there, haven't we? With that prefix E and our L-Y suffix.

And it's that C-I making the sh sound, isn't it? So E-S-P-E-C-I-A, double L-Y.

Actually, point to it now.

Wow, great job.

Now remember we have the word actual in here, but it's U-A-L making that actual, and then we add our L-Y suffix.

Great job.

So because these are curriculum words and they're going to appear with such frequency in our reading and writing, it's important we're confident we're spelling them so we can use them.

So we are going to practise them now using a really great strategy called the look, cover, write, check strategy.

This is where you look carefully at the spelling.

So I'm looking at accident and I consider what's tricky about it.

Well, it's that E-N-T suffix and it's a double C making that X sound, accident.

I then cover it up and from memory and ideally using like this, joined up cursive handwriting, have a go at writing it out.

I then check back and see if I spelled it correctly.

Ooh, I did.

Just 'cause I spelled it correctly once doesn't mean I stop there.

I have a go at doing it a number of times.

I look, cover, write, check again and write it out.

Pause the video now and have a go at using that strategy for these four spellings.

Off you go.

Excellent job, team.

I'm so impressed, lovely handwriting.

Did you manage to spell them correctly? Did you enjoy using that strategy? Share your favourite string of words that you've written, share that learning, and make any corrections now.

Off you go.

Great job in spelling today, team.

We've been looking at the suffixes E-N-C-E and E-N-C-Y, and that they can create abstract nouns.

The E-N-C-E or the E-N-C-Y spellings may be found after a soft C, soft G, or Q-U spelling.

Words ending in E-N-C-E and E-N-C-Y sometimes have related words where the E vowel or the S sound is clearer like residence and residential.

Words in word families often have connected meaning and spelling and creating our own word families and linked words and showing word consciousness is a really key part of our spelling development.

Keep up the great spelling, keep creating your own word families, and I'll see you again soon.