Lesson video

Hello everyone.

My name's Mrs. Riley, and I'm here today to teach you some new vocabulary.

In our lesson today, we're focusing on vocabulary associated with disgusting words.

So I hope you're not eating anything while you watch this lesson because we're going to be thinking about how to describe some really disgusting foods and other things as well.

So let's get started.

The outcome of today's lesson is to use the words rancid and nauseating and other rich vocabulary associated with the word disgusting.

These are our key words we'll be using today.

Let's start off by just saying each one out loud.

My turn, your turn.

Noun.

Adjective.

Synonym.

Word pair.

Thank you.

Right, let's see what these words mean.

A noun is a naming word for people, places, or things.

An adjective is a word that describes a noun.

So if I was going to think of something disgusting, like slime, slime would be the noun because it's a thing, and then the word disgusting is an adjective.

The disgusting slime is an adjective and a noun.

A synonym is a word that has the same or similar meaning to another word.

So today we are going to be learning synonyms for the word disgusting.

We're gonna be learning other ways of saying disgusting.

And word pairs are words that often appear together.

So we'll be thinking probably about some quite disgusting things today that will be paired with our disgusting words.

So like I say, I hope you're not eating anything as you're watching this.

In our lesson today, we've got three learning cycles.

In the first two learning cycles, we'll be looking at one word in each in quite a lot of detail.

And in the third learning cycle, we'll be looking at four words together.

So we're gonna look at a total of six new words in our lesson today.

So by the end of the lesson, you're going to know six really impressive new words, which will be different ways of describing something as disgusting.

So let's start with our first new disgusting word.

Now, before I tell you what this word is, I'd like you to first of all spend a little bit of time looking at this illustration.

This is Stax the giraffe, but what's happening here? Can you pause the video and either have some thinking time or describe what you see? Pause the video now.

Okay, well, in this picture, I don't know if you could see on that bottle, on that carton.

It's a carton of milk, and milk is the kind of thing that goes off if you don't drink it in time or if it's left out of the fridge.

It goes bad and it really smells.

And the longer you leave it, the more stinky it becomes.

And if you were to have a sip of it, it would taste really sour and disgusting.

So I think that Stax has gone to the fridge to get this milk carton, and he's poured it into his glass, but you can see the fumes coming from it.

It obviously is really stinky and he's turning away so that he doesn't inhale that stinky smell.

So let's find out what this word is.

Rancid.

My turn, your turn.

Rancid.

Rancid is an adjective.

It means foul or rotten, like milk that has been left out for days and gone sour.

So some food doesn't go rancid.

For example, cereal is something that can stay in the box and can last for a really long time.

It doesn't usually go off.

It might just go a bit stale, but other things would go rancid.

They would go foul or rotten, and milk is one of those things.

So these words are synonyms of rancid.

They have a similar meaning.

Sour, foul, and rotten.

Here's the word in a sentence.

Stax gagged as he sniffed the bottle of sour, rancid milk.

These are word pairs of rancid.

Rancid milk, rancid butter, rancid meat, rancid oil, rancid smell, rancid fat.

So imagine the fat on some meat might have gone rancid.

And this one is a little bit rude, rancid fart.

So imagine that's gonna be a fart that really smells really bad, really strong and foul, and almost like it's rotten.

I wonder if you know anyone who does rancid farts.

So can you pause the video and read these word pairs out loud? Off you go.

Well done.

Okay, let's check what we've just learned.

Which of these words is a synonym of rancid? A, rotten, B, hard, or, C tasty.

Pause the video while you think about your answer.

Well done.

The correct answer is A.

Rotten is a synonym of rancid.

They have a similar meaning.

Okay, so it's time for your first task.

In this task, you have a word map with the word rancid in the middle.

Around rancid, you've got either synonyms or word pairs.

First, I would like you to find the synonyms, the words that have a similar meaning, and I'd like you to circle them.

And then I'd like you to draw a line from the word rancid up or across or down to the word pair.

And as you do it, perhaps you could read the word pairs out loud because it's through saying these words again and again that will help them really stick at our memories.

Here's the sentence to help you.

Stax gagged as he sniffed the bottle of sour, rancid milk.

And if you are unsure if a word is a synonym or a word pair, you could try taking out that word rancid in the sentence and replacing it with the word.

If you can replace it and the sentence still flows, then that suggests it might be a synonym.

So that's a trick to help you.

So pause the video now while you complete this first task.

Well done.

Let's go through the answers together.

The synonyms are foul, rotten, and sour.

The word pairs are rancid butter, rancid milk, rancid meat, rancid smell, rancid fart, rancid fat, and rancid oil.

Well done if you spotted the synonyms and the word pairs.

Okay, so we're going to take a look at our second new disgusting word.

The first was an adjective rancid.

Let's find out what the second word is going to be.

So first of all, take a look.

What is happening in this picture? This is Stax being given a sandwich by Plato.

How do you think Stax is feeling? How would you describe that sandwich? Would you like to eat that sandwich? I wonder.

Pause the video and describe what you can see now.

Well done.

Let's find out what this word is.

Nauseating.

My turn, your turn.

I said it wrong.

Nauseating.

Let's just say it one more time because I stumbled first time.

Nauseating.

Well done.

Nauseating is an adjective.

It means sickening or disgusting, like a rotten sandwich.

So you might have spotted a word inside that word, which is nauseous.

If you feel nauseous, it's another way of saying that you feel sick.

So if something is nauseating, it is sickening or disgusting.

It makes you feel sick.

And that sandwich, definitely, I think would make you feel sick.

I can see it's looks like it's got sort of rotten fish in it and stinky.

The bread looks like it's gone mouldy, and it looks like it is making Stax feel extremely sick.

He's kind of clutching his tummy and his eyes got a bit green.

So it's definitely making him feel sick.

So we can also turn this into an adverb, which describes a verb or an adjective.

Nauseatingly.

So if we add LY onto nauseating, we have the adverb nauseatingly.

Here's a sentence.

The stench from the overflowing bin was nauseatingly strong, causing people to cover their noses as they passed by.

So in this example, we've got the adjective strong, the stench was strong, but we're describing that adjective.

It was nauseatingly strong, causing people to cover their noses as they passed by.

So we've got actually two words that we can use here, the adjective nauseating and the adverb nauseatingly.

So these words are synonyms of nauseating, stomach-turning, sickening, disgusting.

The nauseating smell of the rancid sandwich made Stax gag.

Ooh, so in that sentence, I've used the both words that we are learning in this lesson so far.

Rancid, it does look rancid 'cause, as I said, the bread's kind of gone rotten, so it looks like it's gone foul, or old, or rotten, or decaying.

And it looks like it is definitely making Stax feel sick.

Okay, these are word pairs of nauseating.

Nauseating food.

nauseating smell.

Imagine a smell so nauseating that it makes you feel sick.

A nauseating stench.

Nauseating opinions.

So imagine somebody was going on and on about their opinions and, their opinions, you found them a bit nauseating.

They made you feel a bit sick.

They'd have to be very different opinions to what you thought if they made you feel sick.

Nauseating fear.

So imagine being so afraid of something it almost made you feel sick.

Perhaps you are on a rollercoaster and you're right at the top and you're about to go down, and that fear is so strong it's made you feel a bit sick.

Nauseating pain.

So again, imagine pain so strong it makes you feel sick.

That can happen sometimes.

I hope that's never happened to you.

And nauseating words.

So a bit like the opinions word pair.

If somebody was giving a speech and they had nauseating words, perhaps you don't like it, perhaps someone might not like it if people are kind of overly emotional or soppy, and perhaps someone's giving a very emotional, soppy speech, and someone else might say, "Oh, I can't listen to these nauseating words because the words are almost making you feel a bit sick." So could you pause the video and read these word pairs out loud so you can practise saying this word, nauseating, with the word pairs? Pause the video now.

Okay, let's check what we've just learned.

Which of these words is a synonym of nauseating? A, sour, B, old, or C sickening.

Pause the video now.

Well done.

The correct answer is C, sickening is a synonym for nauseating.

Okay, another word map now.

This time nauseating is in the middle.

Just as before, could you first circle the synonyms and then draw lines to the word pairs? Here's a sentence to help you.

The nauseating smell of the rancid sandwich made Stax gag.

Remember there's that trick.

You can always try out the words in that sentence, replacing nauseating.

And if it still flows, it's likely to be a synonym.

Pause the video while you complete this task.

Well done.

Let's go through the answers together.

The synonyms are disgusting, sickening, and stomach-turning.

The word pairs are nauseating smell, nauseating stench, nauseating opinions, nauseating fear, nauseating pain, nauseating words.

Well done for completing that first part of your task.

For the second part of this task, I would like you to now write your own sentence using either the word rancid or nauseating.

Use the word pairs to help you.

Here are the word pairs for rancid, and here are the word pairs for nauseating.

If you like, you could try the challenge of including both words in your sentence, or you can just pick one.

It's up to you.

The word pairs are going to help you to use the word really appropriately.

So start off by picking which word or if you are using both of them, which word pairs you are going to use, and then you can think about your ideas around word pairs.

Make sure you practise saying your sentence out loud before you write it, and always take the time to read back and check your work.

Perhaps you might spot some mistakes.

Perhaps you might even be able to improve it.

Try to be as ambitious as possible in your sentence writing.

Pause the video now.

Well done.

Let's look at an example together.

Does this sentence use nauseating and rancid correctly? The nauseating smell of rancid meat was too much for Armie so he dashed out of the room, throwing up as he left.

Well, in this sentence, I can see I have got the word pair smell, nauseating smell, and the word pair meat, rancid meat.

So I know I've used these words correctly.

I can also tell I've got this extra detail in my sentence, that he threw up as he left the room, and that just shows or exaggerates how disgusting this smell was.

That's called a non-finite clause.

It's come at the end of my main clause and I've got a comma before it.

It's got a verb with ING, throwing up as he left.

And a non-finite clause is a really nice way of adding in a bit of extra detail in your sentence.

So could you just check how effective is your sentence? Maybe you could even add a non-finite clause, one of those ING verbs, after your main clause with a comma to add a little bit of extra detail.

Or, you could just see if there's anything else you could add to your sentence to just make it even more effective.

Pause the video while you do that now.

Okay, well done.

It's time to look at our other new disgusting words.

Are you ready? Perhaps you might wanna have a quick jiggle in your chair.

Make sure you are sitting up nice and straight, ready for the next four disgusting words.

The first one was rancid.

The second one was nauseating.

Let's find out what these are.

Okay, so before I tell you what each word is, I would like you to look at each picture.

Can you even predict what each word might be? In the first one, we have got a statue that looks like it's pulling quite a sort of scary face.

I wonder what word that could be.

In the second, one we have got Yin is sitting at a restaurant, and it looks like they're being served some dog food.

Ooh, how might we describe that dog food? In the third picture, Yin and Yang look like they're eating some form of pizza, but it looks like it's got metal bolts on it.

So we're looking for a word that describes something that you really shouldn't eat, like a poisonous mushroom.

And in the fourth picture, we've got some bread that looks like Yin is having to use a hammer to break it up.

There's a saw, a drill, all these tools because the bread has gone so hard.

So how might we describe bread that's gone hard? So pause the video while you have a think about each picture now and see if you could predict what any of these words might be.

Okay, let's see if you are right.

So the first picture represents the word repulsive, an adjective meaning disgusting or gross, like a horrible, ugly gargoyle that makes you feel sick.

The second word is unpalatable, an adjective meaning unappealing or off-putting, like a can of thick brown dog food.

The third picture is inedible.

An adjective meaning not fit for eating, like a pizza covered in nuts and bolts.

And the fourth picture represents the word stale, an adjective meaning old, hard, and crusty, like bread that has gone rock solid because you left it out.

So let's check what we've just learned.

Can you match the adjective to the correct image? Let's just practise saying each one before you do this check for understanding.

My turn, your turn.

Are you ready? Stale.

Repulsive.

Unpalatable.

Inedible.

Well done.

So pause the video now and see if you can match each adjective to the correct image.

Well done.

Let's go through the answers.

So stale is the picture with the hard, old crusty bread.

Repulsive matches with that gross statue.

Unpalatable is that thick brown dog food being served in the restaurant, and inedible is the pizza with the metal bolts on it.

Well done if you manage to match those up correctly.

So for each of these four words, we are going to do a word map.

I'm not going to go through each instruction now because hopefully you know that, for each one, we're always going to start by circling the synonyms and then draw lines to the word pairs.

These will be a little bit more tricky because we haven't gone through the synonyms and word pairs for each word.

So you're going to have to think carefully about what you think is going to be a synonym, which has a similar meaning to the main word, and what will be a word pair.

For each one, there's a sentence to help you.

Yin and Yang spat out the inedible pizza, which had metal toppings.

And remember there's always that trick, if you're unsure if a word is a synonym or a word pair, that you could try and replace the word, the word inedible.

And if the sentence still flows, that suggests it's probably a synonym.

So could you pause the video now while you have a go at this word map for inedible? Well done, let's go through the answers.

So the synonyms of inedible are disgusting, uneatable, or not fit for eating.

The word pairs are inedible food, inedible mushroom.

So if you go mushroom foraging, which means hunting for mushrooms, you'd have to have a book because some mushrooms are edible, you can eat them.

But if you've got that prefix in, inedible, it means it's not fit for eating, and some mushrooms are poisonous.

You have to be very careful which mushrooms you can eat.

Inedible mess, if someone served something on your plate and you said, "Oh, I can't eat this inedible mess." Inedible fruit, so some berries, for example, on some bushes or trees might be poisonous, so they are inedible.

Inedible leftovers.

Perhaps it's been left in the fridge for too long or left out for too long, and it's gone a little bit rancid.

And an inedible meal.

So well done If you were able to identify the synonyms and the word pairs.

Okay, the same thing now for unpalatable.

Here's the word in a sentence.

No one wants to eat Grit's disgusting, unpalatable food.

Could you pause the video while you complete this task? Well done.

Let's go through the answers.

The synonyms of unpalatable are unappealing.

If something is appealing, it's inviting or it's something that you like the sound or look of.

So if something has that prefix un, if it is unappealing, which is what the next synonym is, uninviting.

Uninviting and unappealing are synonyms of unpalatable.

And off putting.

So the word pairs are unpalatable food, an unpalatable mush.

Imagine some mush on a plate that you don't want to eat.

An unpalatable fact.

So imagine you heard a fact, perhaps it might be a fact about how much plastic is wasted every year, and it's almost like it's unpalatable.

It's like you don't want to accept or you don't want to sort of somehow digest that fact because it's just too unappealing.

Unpalatable truth.

Again, perhaps someone might tell you something about yourself that you don't want to hear.

So it's unpalatable truth.

Unpalatable selection, maybe an unpalatable selection of foods.

And unpalatable delicacy.

Now, this kind of seems like these are two words that shouldn't go together because unpalatable is something that is unappealing or off-putting.

And a delicacy is something that you would usually imagine is something that's really delicious and scrumptious.

But if you went to a different.

Perhaps you might go to a different country and they might say, "Ooh, cockroaches are a delicacy here," perhaps they might love cockroaches.

It's a delicacy.

It's something that's really special to them, and they think is really delicious, but you might think that their delicacy is unpalatable.

You might disagree, okay? Just in the same way that some people might think something that we eat in our country might be a delicacy to us, but for somebody else it might be unpalatable.

For example, a sausage roll that has.

Often, a sausage roll has like a layer of jelly in it, which some people think is delicious, but some people might think that that is unpalatable.

So that's how those two words fit together.

Okay, moving on.

We've now got repulsive.

Grit shuttered at the repulsive gargoyle with big stony eyes and a crooked nose.

Could you pause the video while you circle the synonyms and draw lines to the word pairs? Well done.

Let's go through the answers.

The synonyms are gross, unappealing, and disgusting.

The word pairs are repulsive odour.

That might be a smell like the odour that comes out from under your armpits.

Repulsive creature, repulsive face, repulsive manners.

Perhaps someone eats with repulsive manners.

Repulsive appearance, that's how something looks.

A repulsive thought and a repulsive idea.

And finally, we've got stale.

The stale bread was so hard that Yin needed a hammer to break it up.

Pause the video while you circle the synonyms and draw lines to the word pairs.

Well done.

The synonyms are old, hard, crusty.

The word pairs are stale bread, stale sweat, so sweat that's not fresh sweat.

It's it's old, so it perhaps smells stale.

A stale idea.

A stale joke.

So these two word pairs, you might be a little bit more confused by, because it's not.

A joke can't be hard or crusty, but it can be old.

If somebody tells an old joke that you've heard hundreds of times before, or if there's an idea which, again, isn't new, it's just something that you've heard so many times before, you might describe it as stale.

A stale idea or a stale joke.

Maybe they need some fresh ideas or fresh jokes.

A stale smell, stale cake, so cake that's gone hard.

Stale air.

Perhaps you need to open up a window to get some fresh air in.

And stale popcorn.

That wouldn't be very nice.

Perhaps it might be a bit hard and chewy.

Okay, we have looked at all the words maps now for all six words.

And for our next task, we have got to fill the gaps with either the word rancid, nauseating, unpalatable, inedible, repulsive, or stale.

As I read these sentences to you, start thinking about which adjective fits best in each sentence.

"What an mm idea!" said Yang, frowning at the disgusting recipe.

Grit was very unwell after he had mistakenly eaten an mm mushroom.

Now there's a little bit of a clue with both of those adjectives because there's the word an in front of them.

I wonder if you know what that means.

Everyone gagged at the mm stench of Plato's socks.

The mm butter was so old that it had turned green.

So which of those words was linked to something that had gone sort of rotten or foul? Bogart pulled a mm face to scare the children away.

The audience yawned at the mm joke that they had heard a million times before.

So if you are unsure because some of these words are quite similar, so if you're unsure which word goes where, do the ones that you think are obvious, the ones that are a bit clearer to you, and then you'll have less choices for the remaining ones.

And you might find that more than one option works in some of the sentences.

So pause the video now and complete this task.

Well done.

So the first one is: What an unpalatable idea.

Because we had the word an before unpalatable, we know that the word following had to start with a vowel, A, E, I, O, or U.

So the choices would be unpalatable or inedible, and our idea was a word pair for unpalatable.

So remember, it's like an idea that you don't want to almost like digest it because it's just such a horrible idea.

"What an unpalatable idea!" said Yang, frowning at the disgusting recipe.

Grit was very unwell after he had mistakenly eaten an inedible mushroom.

Again, the clue there an inedible, the next word had to start with a vowel.

Inedible is something that you really shouldn't eat.

An inedible mushroom might be poisonous.

Everyone gagged at the nauseating stench of Plato's sock.

There was a bit of a clue there because gagging is something you do sometimes when you're about to be sick.

And we know nauseating means sickening.

The rancid butter was so old that it turned green.

Rancid, remember, there's an element of something that's gone rotten or decayed.

Bogart pulled a repulsive face to scare the children away, and the audience yawned at the stale joke that they had heard a million times before.

So let's summarise what we've learned today.

We've learned that rancid means foul or rotten, like milk that has been left out for days and gone sour.

Nauseating means sickening or disgusting, like a rotten sandwich.

Repulsive means disgusting or gross, like a horrible, ugly gargoyle that makes you feel sick.

Unpalatable means unappealing or off-putting, like a can of thick brown dog food.

Inedible means not fit for eating, like pizza covered in nuts and bolts.

And stale means old hard and crusty, like bread that has gone rock solid because you left it out.

All of these words are adjectives.

They are describing words, and I hope that they are all really useful words to use in your speaking and your writing.

Hopefully, they won't be useful because you're eating any rancid, or nauseating, or inedible food, but I'm sure they will be really useful words, especially if you are writing about something that's particularly disgusting.

So well done for all your concentration and hard work today.

you should feel really proud of yourselves for completing so many tasks and for learning six new impressive words.

Hopefully I'll see you again for some more learning another time.