Lesson video

Hi, again, everybody.

Welcome back to our unit.

My name's Miss Mullins, and we're going to be writing the diet section of our non-chronological report today.

So let's get started.

Today, you'll be using your plan to write the diet section of a non-chronological report about tigers.

Here are some key words we will be using, paragraph, specific information, relative complex sentence, text cohesion, diet.

Well done.

A paragraph is a section of a piece of writing that is indicated by a new line and an indentation.

Specific information is clear, exact, and particular information.

A relative complex sentence is a sentence formed of a main clause and a relative subordinate clause.

Text cohesion refers to how text flows to maintain the interest of the reader and achieve the text's purpose.

An animal's diet is the food that it eats.

Today, we are writing the diet section of a non-chronological report.

Firstly, we will be preparing to write and then we will write the diet section.

Non-chronological reports often follow the same structure.

We've got our introduction, which is the first paragraph that encourages the reader to read on.

Then we have our sections which contain paragraphs of information related to a particular aspect of the subject.

And then we finally have our conclusion, which is the last paragraph that summarises the key information of the text.

So far in our unit, we have already written our introduction.

Now, we are going to be writing our diet section.

The purpose of the diet section is to engage the reader, give the reader specific information about the tigers' diet.

The structure of the section is like this.

We have our subheading, an introductory sentence, which introduces what the paragraph will be about, specific information, which gives the reader detailed information about the tigers' diet, and finally, a linking sentence, which links on to the next paragraph.

Let's review the key linguistic features we can use to ensure our writing flows well.

Fronted adverbials, subject-specific vocabulary, relative complex sentences.

Well done.

All of these combined help us to achieve text cohesion.

They help us ensure that our writing flows and that our reader remains engaged and interested in what we are writing.

Match the cohesive device to its function and pause the video now while you do that.

Well done if you spotted that the fronted adverbial is a sentence starter, followed by a comma, subject specific vocabulary is vocabulary used when writing about a particular subject, and a relative complex sentence is a sentence formed of a main clause and a relative subordinate clause.

In a relative complex sentence, the relative clause can interrupt the main clause after the noun or the noun phrase it links to.

Let's read this example together.

Tigers hunt other animals.

This is an example of a main clause.

It currently is a simple sentence because it consists of just one main clause.

Now, look at what's happened.

Let's read this sentence together.

Tigers, which are apex predators, hunt other animals.

Can you see here we've added another clause, which is written in purple, to our main clause, and this is not interrupting the main clause.

Here we've got our main clause still, which is tigers hunt other animals, but our main clause has been interrupted by our relative clause.

Our relative clause is which are apex predators.

When we're writing relative complex sentences, we have a main clause which is interrupted by a relative subordinate clause.

This creates a relative complex sentence.

When a relative clause is added to a main clause, it creates a relative complex sentence.

Here's an example of a main clause.

Let's read it together.

Tigers consume a varied diet.

Here's an example of a relative clause, which are carnivores.

Now, if we were to combine the main clause with the relative clause, this is what we would get.

Let's read it together.

Tigers, which are carnivores, consume a varied diet.

My relative clause gives us extra information about tigers.

So it has to go after the word tigers in the sentence.

Tick the examples of relative clauses, pause the video while you do that.

Well done if you spotted that.

Which live inside hollow trees' trunks, which are nocturnal, and which means that they eat other animals are all examples of relative clauses.

They all begin with that which relative pronoun.

Because of their impressive adaptations is an example of a type of subordinate clause, but it is not a relative clause because it does not start with a relative pronoun.

All of these start with which as a relative pronoun.

Now, it's time for your task.

Turn these two clauses into one relative complex sentence.

Use the sentence scaffold to help you.

Let's read the main clause and the relative clause together.

Deer are a staple of tigers' diets, which live in rainforests and grasslands.

Now, if we can work out what the relative clause is giving us information about, that will help us work out where to put it in the sentence.

Pause the video now while you turn these two clauses into one relative complex sentence.

Great work, everyone.

Let's read the full relative complex sentence together.

Deer, which live in forests and grasslands, are a staple of tigers diets.

Now, which live in forests and grasslands, gives us an extra fact about the deer.

So it has to go after the word deer in the main clause.

That's where it has to interrupt the main clause.

Well done if you spotted that.

And even better if you remembered to put a pair of commas either side of your relative clause to separate it from the main clause.

Well done.

Now for part two of your task, which of these relative clauses is most appropriate for the main clause below? Tick one, then write the full relative complex sentence.

Let's read the sentence together.

These felines feed during the night.

Your relative clause options are, which have striped fur, which are nocturnal, and which have a long tail.

Now, all of these could give us additional facts about these felines, but which one is most relevant to the rest of the sentence? Pause the video now while you decide and then rewrite the full relative complex sentence.

Well done, everybody.

Great work.

Which are nocturnal is the most relevant relative clause because the main clause is about them feeding at nighttime.

The fact that they have striped fur or have a long tail has got nothing to do with feeding at nighttime, whereas the fact that they are nocturnal is a clearly linked fact to them eating at nighttime.

Well done.

Let's read the full sentence together.

These felines, which are nocturnal, feed during the night.

And well done if you remember to put a pair of commas either side of your relative clause.

What an excellent start to our lesson, everyone.

Well done.

Now, we're going to move on to writing the diet section.

When we write, we always try to do these things.

We plan and say each sentence before we write it, we use punctuation where we know the rules, we showcase each sentence type we know, we write letters neatly on the line in joined handwriting, we use spelling strategies to spell words accurately, we check and improve our writing when we think we've finished.

Here are our success criteria.

These are really, really important guidelines to help us remember what we want to include in our writing.

Let's read them through together.

I have written an introductory sentence which explains what the paragraph is about.

I've included specific facts about tigers' diets.

I have used an apostrophe for plural possession.

I have used a relative complex sentence.

Now, we're going to be using our plans to write the diet section.

You can always build on your ideas from your plan when you're writing today.

Make sure you've got your plan with you ready for writing.

Before we get started, let's just remind ourselves of the structure of the diet section.

So we have our subheading, our introductory sentence, which introduces what the paragraph will be about, our specific information, which gives the reader detailed information about an aspect of the topic, and our linking sentence, which links onto the next paragraph.

We're gonna start with our introductory sentence.

So you've gotta make sure that you have got the relevant part of your plan in front of you.

Here is my section of the plan for the introductory sentence.

So I've written down my subheading, and I've got some key words and phrases I want to include.

I'm going to be using my plan throughout my writing to help me, and you need to make sure you've got your plan as well to help you do the same.

Okay, everyone.

So I've stuck in my success criteria and I've actually gone ahead and I've written in my subheading already.

The subheading I've decided to go for is, what do tigers' diets include? The diets belong to tigers.

So my apostrophe goes after the word tigers to show plural possession.

I've also remembered to use my question mark at the end of my question and I've underlined using a ruler.

Now, first of all, we're gonna go with our introductory sentence, which explains what this section is about.

So I need to explain in my first sentence, we're gonna be learning about tigers' diets.

I also do really want to try and get in a relative clause here.

So I'm gonna go with tigers, which are carnivores, eat other animals.

Now, remembering my indentation, tigers, now from this first sentence, my reader is going to know then that we are going to be talking about tigers' eating habits and what they eat.

Okay, now let's go back and reread this sentence before we tick off our success criteria.

Tigers', comma, which are carnivores.

Oh, well done if you spotted that.

I forgot my second comma.

Remember, with relative clauses, I have to use a pair of commas around this subordinate relative clause to separate it from the main clause.

Let's go back to the start.

Tigers, which are carnivores, eat other animals.

Great.

I can now tick off that I've used an introductory sentence and I have used a relative complex sentence.

Two in one there.

What a great start! I'm feeling really good about this.

So now I'm gonna give a little bit of specific information from my reader.

Now, I feel like my reader's natural question here is going to be, once they learn that tigers eat other animals, they're probably gonna want to know which other animals in particular tigers eat.

So I'm gonna go with, hmm, I've got on my plan, my list of the foods that they eat.

So I'm gonna say that tigers' main prey are deer, boar, birds and fish.

So let's go with that.

Tigers' main prey are deer, boar, birds and fish.

Now, let's go back and reread it.

Tigers' main and prey, who do the prey belong to? You're right, they belong to tigers.

We're talking about tigers in the plural sense here.

So I need to use an apostrophe for plural possession.

Tigers' main and prey are deer, boar, birds and fish.

This is a list of four things that tigers mainly eat.

So I've got to remember my commas in my list.

I don't need a comment in front of the word and.

So deer, comma, boar, comma, birds and fish.

Brilliant.

Now, I've also used an apostrophe for plural possession, so I can tick off this one, okay.

Onto my next sentence now.

I want to also give a little bit more detail and specific information about tigers' feeding habits.

On my plan, I've written that they're nocturnal, so they eat at nighttime.

Now, I also want to show off, remember back to when we were talking about using fronted adverbials of cause.

I think this is a really nice opportunity to show that.

So on one hand, we've got the point that tigers are nocturnal.

On the other hand, they feed at nighttime.

Now, it'd be nice to show a link between those two things.

'Cause those two things are linked in terms of cause and effect.

So let's think back to some of our fronted adverbials of cause that we have looked at before.

We could use something like as a result or due to the fact, I'm gonna go with as a result.

So as a result of tigers being nocturnal or probably just as a result of being nocturnal.

So as a result of being nocturnal.

Now, there is my cause and I need to use a comma after this.

As a result of being nocturnal, they hunt at night.

Oh, night.

Okay, lovely.

As a result of being nocturnal, they hunt at night.

Happy with that.

Now, I'm onto my final sentence, which is my linking sentence.

Now, remember, my next section is going to be about adaptation.

So this is my opportunity to give my reader a little hint that we are going to be talking about adaptations next.

On my plan, I've got two potential openers I've got fascinatingly or notably.

I'm gonna go with notably this time.

So notably, there's my viewpoint, fronted adverbials.

These, hmm, how shall I refer to them? I'm gonna go with predators because we're talking about how they hunt.

So, notably, these predators are, I could say highly adapted, but I think I referred to them as highly adapted already in my introduction.

So I'm gonna reframe it slightly.

Notably, these predators have, or actually I'm gonna go with possess.

They possess, it's more formal way of saying they own something than just saying they have something.

These predators possess a range of adaptations that enable them.

Of adaptations that enable them to hunt and consume their prey.

Consume is just a nice formal synonym for eat, hunt.

And consume their prey.

Okay, let's have a reread.

Now, remember, I'm a bit prone to making some mistakes, so keep an eye out for any punctuation or spelling mistakes I might have made.

Notably, oh, I've seen one straight away.

Here's my viewpoint, fronted adverbial, but we know the rule about fronted adverbial, don't we? They are always followed by a comma, so notably, comma, these predators possess a range of adaptations that enable them to hunt and consume their prey.

I've also made a spelling mistake.

I wonder if you can spot the mistake I've made.

There is a tricky word 'cause it's a homophone.

Okay, it can be there as in over there, which I've written down here, or their, showing possession, which is what I should have done, or they're as in they are, the contracted word.

I need the possessive their.

Their prey.

So, and I've actually written the positional word instead.

Gotta score that one out and let's rewrite it above.

I wonder if you can help me spell it.

So the T-H-E-I-R.

Thank you very much if you helped me.

Now, let's good to go back and reread the whole thing together.

Now, I know I have included specific facts about tiger diet, so I can take that one off.

But we always reread the whole piece just to make sure it flows properly in this cohesive.

What do tigers' diets include? Tigers, which are carnivores, eat other animals.

Tigers.

Ooh, you can see here it's quite repetitive from sentence one to sentence two.

Okay, so I want to keep my possessive apostrophe, but I've got to change the word.

So I've referred to them as tigers and I've referred to them as predators, so I don't wanna use that.

How about we go with cats? These cats, I could also have gone with felines, but I've used that in my introduction.

So let's go with these cats' main prey.

Now, the main prey still belongs to these cats, so it's still a plural possessive apostrophe.

Main prey are deer boar, birds and fish.

As a result of being nocturnal, they hunt at night.

Notably, these predators possess a range of adaptations that enable them to hunt and consume their prey.

I'm really happy with that and thank you so much for all of your help with writing it.

Thank you so much for all of your help just now.

So now it's your turn.

You're going to use your plan to draught your subheading and an introductory sentence.

You can use my scaffolds to help.

Have a go at using a question as a subheading.

You could also use this scaffold to help you with your introductory sentence.

Tigers, which, hmm, eat a diet that includes a range of different prey.

This scaffold might help you if you would like to use a relative clause in your introductory sentence.

Pause the video now while you do that.

Well done.

Here are my ideas.

What do tigers' diets consist of? You might have written something like what do tigers eat? And here's my example.

Tigers, which are carnivorous, eat a diet that includes a range of different prey.

Here I can tick off that I've met my first success criteria, which is to write an introductory sentence, which explains what the section is about.

If you've also done an introductory sentence, you can tick this success criteria off.

Well done.

I've also used an apostrophe for plural possession in my subheading because I've referred to tigers' diets.

So the diets belonging to the tigers, plural.

And I've used a relative complex sentence in my introductory sentence.

Now, we're going to move on to drafting our specific information section.

So this is where we give our reader detailed information about an aspect of the topic.

Make sure you've got the relevant part of your plan in front of you.

Here's my plan.

So in this section, I referred to the food that they actually eat.

So the deer, birds, fish and boar.

Where they find their prey, so that they're in the rainforest, the savannas, grasslands, and mangrove swamps, which are inhabited by tigers.

I've referred to the tigers as apex predators that feed at nighttime.

And I've also given an additional fact where my reader I think might quite like to know this 'cause it's quite interesting that they roam up to 12 miles across home ranges when they're hunting.

Make sure you take the time now to pause the video if you need to to reread your specific information section of your plan before we come to writing it.

Okay, so now you're going to use your plan to draught your specific information.

You could use my scaffold to help if you would like.

Tigers primarily consume, hmm, due to the fact that these felines are nocturnal.

Pause the video now while you do that.

Great work, everyone.

So now here are my ideas.

Remember, they might be a bit different to yours, and that's great too.

Tigers primarily consume deer, birds, fish and boar.

Due to the fact that these felines are nocturnal, they usually feed at nighttime.

So here I've used my frontal aerial of cause to show that the cause is that they're nocturnal, and linked it to the effect, which is because they're nocturnal, they eat at nighttime.

So here now I've included specific facts about tigers' diets.

Now, lastly, we are moving on to our linking sentence.

Here we're going to be linking on to the next section.

So make sure you've got the relevant parts of your plan in front of you.

Here's my plan.

I put down a couple of potential openers.

So I did two viewpoint fronted adverbials, notably or fascinatingly.

I'm going to refer to them either as cats or predators.

And I want to explain that they're highly adapted to hunt and consume their prey, because the next section is about adaptation.

So this gives my reader a little hint about the fact that the adaptations help them find and eat their prey.

Now, use your plan to draught your linking sentence.

You might want to use my viewpoint fronted adverbials, fascinatingly.

Or you might choose to open your linking sentence in a different way.

Pause the video now while you do that.

Well done, everybody.

So here's my linking sentence, fascinatingly, tigers' adaptations enable them to hunt and consume their prey.

These adaptations are therefore vital to these cats' survival.

You might have noticed that I've not just used one, but I've actually used two apostrophes for plural possession here.

Firstly, the tigers' adaptations, so the adaptations belong to the tigers, and secondly, the survival belongs to these cats.

So these cats' survival.

Well done, everyone.

Now, it's time for you to check your writing and make any edits or improvements.

When you've done that, you can rewrite your sentences as a full diet section with a subheading.

Make sure you keep on referring to your success criteria while you do that.

Pause the video now.

Brilliant work, everyone.

Well done.

Here is final draught of my diet section.

Let's read it through together.

What do tigers' diets consist of? Tigers, which are carnivorous, eat a diet that includes a range of different prey.

Tigers primarily consume deer, birds, fish, and boar.

Due to the fact that these felines are nocturnal, they usually feed at nighttime.

Fascinatingly, tigers' adaptations enabled them to hunt and consume their prey.

These adaptations are therefore vital to these cats' survival.

So I've written my introductory sentence, which explains what the section's about, I've included specific facts about tigers' diets, I've used apostrophes for plural possession, and I've used a relative complex sentence.

The only thing that makes me think it's not quite ready just yet is, I've made the same mistake again as I made during our shared right earlier, where I've used the word tigers to open my first sentence and my second sentence.

So I'm going to refer to tigers in a different way the second time round.

I'm just going to use the pronoun they instead.

That then makes my writing flow a lot more easily and it's a bit less repetitive for my reader.

Well done, everybody.

Now, we are at the end of our lesson.

Today, we've been writing the diet section of a non-chronological report about tigers.

In our lesson today, we've learned that fronted adverbials, subject specific vocabulary, and relative complex sentences are all cohesive devices that improve text flow.

An introductory sentence followed by specific information and a linking sentence is an appropriate structure for a section paragraph.

Success criteria helps us identify what a successful piece of writing includes.

During the writing process, we plan, then draught, then edit our sentences.

Well done, everyone.

I am so impressed with the standard of the writing that you have been producing.

I hope you're feeling really proud of yourself.

I'm already looking forward to seeing you again soon.