Lesson video

Hi everybody, welcome to our lesson today.

My name is Miss Mullins.

I'm really looking forward to seeing all that we achieve in our learning in our lesson today.

So let's get started.

By the end of today's lesson, you will have planned the conclusion of a non-chronological report about aye-ayes.

Here are some key words we are going to be using.

Conclusion, general information, purpose, cohesive devices.

Let's look at some definitions for these words.

A conclusion is the closing paragraph of a non-fiction text.

General information is the most basic and necessary information.

Purpose is the aim of the text.

Cohesive devices are language structures that develop text cohesion.

In our lesson today, we will be planning the conclusion of a non-chronological report about aye-ayes.

Our lesson will be cut into two parts.

Firstly, we are going to be learning about the structural and linguistic features of the conclusion, then we will be planning the conclusion.

Non-chronological reports often follow the same structure.

They have a title, they have an introduction, sections, and finally, a conclusion.

The introduction is the first paragraph that encourages the reader to read on.

The sections contain paragraphs of information related to a particular aspect of the subject.

The conclusion is the last paragraph that summarises the key information of the text.

We've already written our introduction.

We've also written our section one, which was about aye-aye's diet, and we've written section two, which was about aye-aye's adaptations.

So today, we are planning the conclusion.

The purpose is the aim of the text.

The purpose of the conclusion is to summarise the key information of the report and give the reader summarising general information.

In our sections, our information was specific, but in our introduction and our conclusion, the information we give the reader is general.

The purpose of the conclusion is, A, give the reader specific information, B, make the reader want to read on, C, give the reader general information, D, summarise the key information of the text.

Pause the video while you decide.

Great work, everyone.

Well done if you spotted that the purpose of the conclusion is to give the reader general information and summarise the key information of the text.

The conclusion is the final paragraph of a non-fiction text that summarises the key information in the report.

The conclusion follows a clear structure.

We have a subheading, an introductory sentence, general information, and a concluding sentence.

The introductory sentence introduces the paragraph and summarises the key information.

The general information gives the reader some necessary information about the topic.

The concluding sentence ends the report.

Match each section of a conclusion to its function.

Pause the video while you do that.

Well done if you spotted that the introductory sentence introduces the paragraph, general information gives the reader some necessary information about the topic, and a concluding sentence closes the report.

Throughout this report, we have learned to use a range of cohesive devices.

Let's just remind ourselves of what they are.

Fronted adverbials, subject-specific vocabulary, relative complex sentences, parenthesis in brackets.

Each of these cohesive devices enhances the text's flow, keeps the reader engaged, and helps achieve the text's purpose, which is to inform the reader.

Match each cohesive device to its definition.

Pause the video while you do that.

Well done if you spotted that a fronted adverbial is a sentence starter followed by a comma.

Subject-specific vocabulary is vocabulary used when writing about a particular subject.

A relative complex sentence is a sentence formed of a mean clause and a relative clause.

And parenthesis is additional information that can be removed without compromising grammatical accuracy.

Now match each cohesive device to its example.

Pause the video while you do that.

Great work, everyone.

A fronted adverbial example is, in spite of this.

An example of subject-specific vocabulary is habitat.

An example of a relative clause is, which are regarded as "bad omens" by some locals.

And an example of parenthesis is, Madagascar, Africa.

And I can see, in this example, the parenthesis is enclosed within brackets.

Now for your task, read the model conclusion paragraph and identify the following cohesive devices.

One example of a fronted adverbial, one example of a subject-specific vocabulary, one example of a relative complex sentence, and one example of parenthesis in brackets.

Let's read the model conclusion together.

Conclusion, "To conclude, it is evident that the aye-aye's feeding habits and unique adaptations make it a truly intriguing animal.

However, these incredible lemurs are currently facing mass deforestation of their natural habitat, Madagascar's rainforests.

As a result of this, aye-ayes, which are facing a rapidly declining population, are classed as 'endangered.

' In order to combat this loss of habitat, it is vital that humans raise awareness of the impact of mass deforestation and campaign for these creatures to be protected." Pause the video while you complete your task.

Fantastic work, everyone.

One example of a fronted adverbial, you could have either written, "However," or, "As a result of this." An example of subject-specific vocabulary could have been any of these, adaptations, lemurs, deforestation, habitat, Madagascar, rainforests, endangered.

An example of a relative complex sentence is, "As a result of this, aye-ayes, which are facing a rapidly declining population, are classed as 'endangered.

'" And one example of parenthesis demarcated using brackets is, "Madagascar's rainforests." Excellent work, everyone.

What a brilliant start to our lesson! Now that we have learned about the structural and linguistic features of the conclusion, we are now gonna move on to planning our conclusion.

The purpose of a plan is to prepare ourselves for writing.

If we give careful thought to the planning process, our writing outcomes will be more successful.

We can build on ideas from our plan during the writing process.

When we plan, we use notes.

Notes are concise and capture subject-specific vocabulary and information.

The purpose of notes is to help the writer to organise information easily for future use.

We use bullet points when note-taking, they look like this.

What is in a plan? A, bullet points for notes.

B, full sentences with capital letters and full stops.

C, subject-specific vocabulary.

D, concise information.

Pause the video while you decide.

Well done if you spotted that in a plan, we have bullet points for notes, subject-specific vocabulary, and D, concise information.

We do not use full sentences with capital letters and full stops in our plan because when we come to writing, we take the ideas in our plan and build on them to develop them into full sentences during the writing process.

The only capital letters we would see in a plan would be those for proper names such as Madagascar or Africa.

Let's review the structure of the conclusion of a non-chronological report.

First, we have our subheading.

Then we have an introductory sentence which introduces the paragraph and summarises the key information.

General information, which gives the reader necessary information about the topic.

And finally, a concluding sentence which ends the report.

We will use the same structure in our plan.

That way, when we come to writing, our plan follows an appropriate structure.

Here is my model.

Let's read it through together.

Conclusion.

"To conclude, it is evident that the aye-aye's feeding habits and unique adaptations make it a truly intriguing animal.

However, these incredible lemurs are currently facing mass deforestation of their natural habitat, Madagascar's rainforests.

As a result of this, aye-ayes, which are facing a rapidly declining population, are classed as 'endangered.

' In order to combat this loss of habitat, it is vital that humans raise awareness of the impact of mass deforestation and campaign for these creatures to be protected." Let's take a closer look at my introductory sentence.

It introduces the paragraph and summarises the key information.

"To conclude, it is evident that the aye-aye's feeding habits and unique adaptations make it a truly intriguing animal." In my introductory sentence, I have summarised what my report has been about.

I've talked about the aye-aye's diet and its adaptations, and I've summarised how important both of these are with this introductory sentence.

Now it's your turn.

On your plan, write the subheading: Conclusion.

Then write bullet points for key words and phrases you will use in your introductory sentence.

Remember, keep the information general and use the prompts to help you.

What is your sentence opener going to be and what was discussed in the report? Pause the video while you do that, and then we can share some ideas.

Brilliant work, everyone.

I'm sure you have got so many excellent ideas on your plan.

Here are a few ideas I put down.

My ideas might be similar to yours or you might have something different, and that's great too.

For my opener, I've decided to write down, "To conclude," or I might use, "In conclusion." Some key vocabulary I would like to use is, "Evident or apparent that aye-aye's diets are varied," so there's my reference to the aye-aye's diets and what they eat, and "Adaptations support their survival in their habitat." There's my reference to the aye-aye's adaptations.

Let's go back to my model.

We are not going to reread the whole thing again, but this time, let's focus on my general information.

Let's read these sentences.

"However, these incredible lemurs are currently facing mass deforestation of their natural habitat, Madagascar's rainforests.

As a result of this, aye-ayes, which are facing a rapidly declining population, are classed as 'endangered.

'" Here I have given some general information about aye-ayes.

This is not information related to their diets or their adaptations, because that information belongs earlier in the report.

I've decided to use my general information in my conclusion to inform my reader about current issues affecting this animal.

Now, it's your turn.

Write bullet points for key words and phrases you'll use in your general information sentences.

Have you written some general, interesting facts? Pause the video while you do that.

Great work, everyone.

You might have even decided to go off and do some research about other factors that are affecting aye-aye's population numbers.

Here are my ideas.

I decided to refer to mass deforestation.

I also wanted to explain the word "deforestation" for my reader, so I've put that parenthesis inside brackets.

"Mass deforestation, cutting down of trees, is currently occurring in Madagascar's rainforests." I remembered that the rainforests belong to Madagascar, so I need to use apostrophe for singular possession.

The result of this loss of habitat is a declining population, and aye-aye's are classified as "endangered" by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature, IUCN.

I've given that acronym as parenthesis inside brackets also.

And finally, let's go back to my model one more time.

But this time, we'll focus a little bit more on my concluding sentence.

This is my final sentence of my report, so I really want it to leave a lasting impact on my reader.

Let's read it through together.

"In order to combat this loss of habitat, it is vital that humans raise awareness of the impact of mass deforestation and campaign for these creatures to be protected." I've taken this opportunity with my final sentence to call my reader to take action.

I've explained to my reader what the issues facing the aye-aye's population currently are, and now in my concluding sentence, I've instructed my reader of how important it is for humans to pay attention to these issues and raise awareness.

Now, write bullet points for key words and phrases you will use in your concluding sentence.

What will your sentence opener be and have you included language that looks to the future, and how are you going to leave a lasting impact on your reader? Pause the video while you do that.

Fantastic work, everyone.

Here are a few ideas I wrote down.

My sentence opener is going to be, "In order to address conservation issues." Then I want to include a point that humans must campaign for reduced deforestation and make environmentally-friendly lifestyle choices like reducing palm oil in the products that they buy.

If you are especially interested in finding out what eco-friendly choices humans could be making to help the plight of aye-ayes, you might want to go off and do some of your own research and add these ideas to your plan.

Excellent work today, everyone.

I am so impressed with the learning you have been doing.

I hope you feel really successful with today's planning.

Here's a summary of what we have been learning.

Today, we have been planning the conclusion of a non-chronological report about aye-ayes.

The conclusion is the final paragraph of a non-chronological report.

The purpose of the conclusion is to summarise the key information in the report.

Information shared in the conclusion is general, not specific.

The purpose of a plan is to record and structure ideas.

Plans should be written in note form.

As I said, I am so impressed with your all of the ideas you have been coming up with today.

I'm really looking forward to seeing how we can use our plans and put them into action when we come to writing the conclusion.

I'll see you again soon.