Lesson video

Hi everyone and welcome back to our lesson.

My name is Ms. Mullins and I'm so glad you've chosen to be here with me today.

Today we're gonna be planning the closing of our journalistic report.

So let's get started.

Today you're going to be planning the closing paragraph of a journalistic report about the Titanic.

Here's some key words we'll use.

Closing, summarise general information, cohesive devices, modal verbs.

Well done.

The closing is the final paragraph of a journalistic report.

To summarise is to sum up or conclude the main body of a text.

General information is the most basic and necessary information.

Cohesive devices are language structures that develop text cohesion.

Modal verbs are a type of auxiliary verb that help us to talk about how likely, possible, necessary or obligatory something is to happen.

Today we're planning the closing of a journalistic report about the Titanic.

Firstly, we're going to be learning about the structural and linguistic features of the closing and then we'll move on to planning the closing.

Journalistic reports often follow this structure.

They have a headline, an opening, which gives the reader some general information about the event.

The recount section, which gives specific details that tell the reader about the event.

The quote section which includes quotes from people who know more about the event.

And the closing describes what is currently happening and what is likely to happen next.

So far in our unit, we've already written the opening, the recount and the quote section, and today we're planning our closing.

The purpose is the aim of the text and the purpose of the closing is to summarise the key information of the report and give the reader general information.

We are going to explain to our reader what is currently happening and what is likely to happen next.

So in this section, we keep our information general.

The purpose of the closing is to, pause the video while you decide.

Well done if you spotted that the purpose is to explain what is currently happening and what is likely to happen next.

To give the reader general information and to summarise the key information of the text.

The closing is the final paragraph of a journalistic report that summarises the key information in the report and explains next steps.

The closing follows a clear structure.

Firstly, we have the introductory sentence, then some general information and the concluding sentence.

The introductory sentence introduces the paragraph and summarises what is currently happening.

General information then gives the reader some necessary information about what is likely to happen next.

And finally, the concluding sentence ends the report.

Match each section of a closing to its function.

Pause the video while you do that.

Well done if you spotted that the introductory sentence introduces the paragraph and summarises what is currently happening.

General information gives the reader some necessary information about what is likely to happen next.

And the concluding sentence closes the report.

Throughout this report, we have learned to use a whole range of cohesive devices.

Fronted adverbials, subject specific vocabulary, complex sentences.

And in that we've learned about adverbial relative and non-finite complex sentences.

Parenthesis in brackets.

Each of these cohesive devices enhances the texts flow, keeps the reader engaged and helps achieve the text's purpose.

Match each cohesive device to its definition and pause the video while you do that.

Well done if you spotted that a fronted adverbial is a sentence starter followed by a comma.

Subject specific vocabulary is vocabulary used when writing about a particular subject.

A complex sentence is a sentence formed of at least one main clause and a subordinate clause.

And parenthesis is additional information that can be removed without compromising grammatical accuracy.

Now it's time for your task.

Match each cohesive device to its example.

Pause the video while you do that.

Well done if you spotted that a fronted adverbial would be at present.

Subject specific vocabulary is destination.

A relative subordinate clause is which now has over 2000 passengers on board.

And that relative subordinate clause begins with, which is the relative pronoun.

Parenthesis is USA demarcated using brackets.

And a non finite subordinate clause is sailing towards New York City.

We know it's a non finite subordinate clause because it begins with that verb in the progressive verb form, with that ing suffix.

And an adverbial subordinate clause is whilst on the final leg of its journey.

Modal verbs are a type of auxiliary verb.

They are paired with a main verb and a clause to change the meaning of the sentence.

For example, "The Titanic cannot sink.

"The ship should arrive in New York City." or "In New York on Wednesday the 17th of April." "We will continue to report on the vessel's progress "over the coming days." So cannot, should and will are all examples of modal verbs.

They're always linked to a main verb.

So cannot is paired with sink.

Should is paired with arrive and we will is paired with continue to report.

They show the likelihood of something happening.

Modal verbs are used to show the likelihood of something happening.

So, from going from, if we imagine things, these modal verbs as a bit of a scale going from how possible they are to how certain an event is going to happen.

So we may or we might do something.

We can or could do something.

We should or we ought to do something.

We must or we need to do something.

Or we have to, we will or we shall.

So the further towards the right of this sliding skill we go, the more certain or likely it is that this event will take place.

We may win the competition.

We ought to win the competition or we will win the competition.

The meaning and the likelihood of winning the competition is different with each of these sentences depending on the modal verb.

Might he be late? Could he be late? Will he be late? All of these show degrees of likelihood.

Find the modal verb in each sentence and the main verb that it links to and pause the video while you do that.

Well done, if you spotted that in a, the modal verb is should and the main verb is dock.

The modal verb in B is will be and the main verb is completing.

And in C, shall is the modal verb and learn is the main verb.

Now it's time for your second part of your task.

Read the model closing paragraph and identify the following cohesive devices on the screen.

First though, let's read the closing paragraph.

"Currently, the white star liner, "which is approximately 2,300 passengers on board, "is sailing across the Atlantic Ocean.

"It is reported that the ship will travel "an estimated 3000 miles on the final "and longest stage of its journey "before concluding the maiden voyage "at its final destination, New York City (USA).

"Reporting on the ship's progress throughout its journey, "journalists at the Oak Chronicle "shall continue to update readers "ahead of the Titanic's highly anticipated arrival "in New York." Pause the video now while you complete your task.

Well done, if you spotted an example of a fronted adverbial could be currently.

One example of subject specific vocabulary could be any of these words.

So white star liner, passengers, sailing, Atlantic ocean, ship, maiden voyage, final destination, New York City USA or journey.

Any one of those is correct.

An example of a complex sentence is, "Currently the white star liner, "which has approximately 2,300 passengers on board "is sailing across the Atlantic Ocean." Well done if you spotted that this is a relative complex sentence.

You could also have written down this one.

"It is reported that the ship will travel "approximately 3000 miles on the final "and longest stage of its journey "before concluding the maiden voyage "at its final destination, New York City." Before concluding the maiden voyage is an example of an adverbial subordinate clause.

And finally, "Reporting on the ship's progress "throughout its journey, journalists at the Oak Chronicle "shall continue to update readers ahead of the Titanic's, "highly anticipated arrival in New York." Reporting on the ship's progress throughout its journey, this is an example of a non-finite subordinate clause.

So it's a non-finite complex sentence.

One example of parenthesis, well, this one's nice and easy because we're searching for the brackets and longest or USA.

And finally, an example of a modal verb was will or shall.

And one example of a journalistic language approximately or it is reported that.

Or an estimated.

Well done everyone.

Now this brings us onto the second part of our lesson where we are planning the closing.

The purpose of a plan is to prepare ourselves for writing.

If we give careful thought to the planning process, our writing that comes will be more successful.

We can build on our ideas from our plan during the writing process.

When we plan, we use notes and notes are concise and capture subject specific vocabulary and information.

The purpose of notes is to help the writer to organise information easily for future use.

We use bullet points when note taking and they look like this.

What is in a plan? Pause the video while you decide.

Well done, if you spotted that a plan includes bullet points for notes, subject specific vocabulary and concise information.

Let's review the structure of the closing of a journalistic report.

So we have an introductory sentence which introduces the paragraph and summarises what is currently happening.

We then have some general information which gives the reader some necessary information about what is likely to happen next.

And finally, our concluding sentence ends the report.

We'll use the same structure in our plan so that when we come to writing, our writing is in an appropriate order.

Here is my model again, and let's focus this time on our my introductory sentence, which summarises what is currently happening.

Let's read it again together.

"Currently, the white star liner, "which has approximately 2,300 passengers on board, "is sailing across the Atlantic Ocean.

"Write bullet points for key words and phrases "you will use in your introductory sentence." And use the prompt to help you.

Use a fronted adverbial, a fronted, adverbial of time to show that what's happening right now.

And make sure that you're writing this section in present tense because this is a summary of what is currently happening at present.

Pause the video while you do that.

Well done everyone, here are some ideas I jotted down.

So any fronted adverbials you might have used might be something like at present or currently or at the time of press.

You might be explaining that the Titanic is en route or headed towards or destined for its final destination.

And I've also just put down there that New York City is going to be the final destination for the ship.

Now let's go back to my model and this time focusing on my general information about what is likely to happen next.

"It is reported that the ship will travel "an estimated 3000 miles on the final "and longest stage of its journey "before concluding the maiden voyage "at its final destination, New York City." Now you're going to write bullet points for keywords and phrases you will use in your general information sentences.

Here you want to explain what is expected to happen next.

Now these events have not happened yet, so we need to write in the future tense.

Okay? So words like will, should be words that are found in this section of your plan.

Pause the video now, while you do that.

Well done everyone, here are some ideas from my plan.

So I'm going to include that some verbs for what the Titanic will be doing, that it'll be sailing or journaling, journeying, sorry, or travelling across the Atlantic.

And that it's expected to arrive in New York on Wednesday and that it will be collecting additional passengers at Cobb and Cherbourg.

And approximately 2,300 passengers are on board.

Now, back to my model, and this time we're looking at the concluding sentence.

This is ending the report.

Let's read it together.

"Reporting on the ship's progress throughout its journey, "journalists at the Oak Chronicle "shall continue to update readers ahead of the Titanic's "highly anticipated arrival in New York." Now you're going to write bullet points for keywords and phrases you will use in your concluding sentence and have you included language that looks to the future.

So really this would now be the point where we're looking ahead to the Titanic ending its journey in New York.

Pause the video while you do that.

Well done everyone, so I'm gonna go for a time adverbial such as over the coming days or an adverbial subordinate clause, such as, as the ship concludes or finishes or ends, it's maiden voyage.

I'm also gonna make some reference to hi at the newspaper we're gonna be giving regular updates on the ship's progress and arrival at its final destination.

Now this brings us to the end of our lesson where we've been planning the closing of a journalistic report about the Titanic.

The closing is the final paragraph of a journalistic report.

The purpose of the closing is to summarise what is currently happening and what is likely to happen next.

Information shared in the closing is general not specific.

Modal verbs are used to show the likelihood of something happening.

Using a range of cohesive devices helps writing flow and achieve text purpose.

The purpose of a plan is to record and structure ideas.

Well done for all of your hard work today.

I'm really, really impressed with your planning and I will see you again very soon.