Lesson video

Hello and welcome to today's spelling lesson.

I'm Mr. Moss and I'm really looking forward to teaching you.

With you today, you need to bring your looking eyes, your listening ears, and your thinking brains.

As well as that something to talk to or someone to talk with, and also something to write with and write on will be excellent too.

Right, let's not waste a moment then.

Let's get right into our spelling lesson.

In today's spelling lesson, we're going to be using the suffix -ing to make the past and present tenses.

The outcome will be, I can spell a word in the present or past tense using the suffix -ing.

Here are the key words for today's learning, my turn, your turn.

Suffix.

Root word.

Verb.

Progressive tense.

Auxiliary verb.

Excellent.

Let's have a chat about what each of these words means then.

A suffix is a letter or group of letters added to the end of a root word.

And we're adding that -ing suffix today.

The root word is the base word from which other words are formed, often by adding prefixes or suffixes.

A verb is a doing, being, or having word.

If you do it or you are it, then the word is a verb.

The progressive tense denotes ongoing action.

An auxiliary verb is the helping verb that is always paired with the main verb.

So we today are using that suffix -ing to make the past and present tenses.

In the first learning cycle, we're going to look at rules for using the suffix -ing.

And in the second learning cycle, we're going to practise and apply spellings.

Let's get on with looking at some of the rules for adding this -ing suffix and what it does to words.

A suffix, remember, is a letter or group of letters that we add to the end of a word to create a new word.

Unlike prefixes, which come at the beginning, suffixes often changed the word's tense or word class.

Let's look at some suffixes in action.

Cheer is my root word.

I add the suffix -ful, it becomes cheerful.

Quick, if I add the -ly suffix, it becomes quickly, making it an adverb.

Like, if I add my -ed suffix, changes its tense, it becomes liked.

There are lots of different types of suffix, and there are different rules for how the root word changes when the suffix is added.

Remember today we are adding the suffix -ing.

Let's read some words that use this suffix then.

My turn, your turn.

Walking.

Helping.

Writing.

Baking.

Running.

Sitting.

Playing.

Enjoying.

They all end in that -ing suffix.

The -ing suffix shows that the verbs are in the, my turn, your turn, progressive tense.

So action that is ongoing.

This shows the action is ongoing.

These sentences are written in the progressive present tense.

So action that is ongoing in the present.

He is running to the park.

They are playing.

Our being verbs here indicate that the actions are continuing to happen now.

Let's look at these being verbs.

We have is and we have are.

Let's look at the same verbs again.

So running and playing.

In some different sentences, this time, they're written in the progressive past tense.

He was running to the park.

They were playing.

Here, the being verbs indicate that the actions occurred in the past, was and were along with our -ing suffix.

Fill in the gaps for me here to complete these sentences.

<v ->ing is a type of, that is added to the, of a word.

</v> When -ing is added to the end of a word, it shows the tense.

Pause the video, say the sentence with the gaps filled in using the correct words from below.

Off you go.

Excellent job, team.

<v ->ing is a type of suffix that is added</v> to the end of a word.

When -ing is added to the end of a word, it shows the progressive tense.

So ongoing action.

The progressive tense, tenses are a type of tense that use different forms of the infinitive to be.

The temperature is rising.

We form each progressive tense using an auxiliary verb, one of our key words, from the verb to be, along with the form at the main verb with an -ing suffix.

The auxiliary verb is the helping verb that is always paired with a main verb.

So if we look at our sentence again, above the temperature is rising, our auxiliary verb is is and our main verb is rising.

And you'll notice here that rising is in our progressive tense form with an -ing suffix.

So is is our auxiliary verb from to be and rising here is our -ing form of main verb.

Sam was interfering.

Let's look at this sentence.

Was here is our auxiliary verb to be and -ing here is our -ing form of the main verb, interfering.

Sam was interfering.

This shows that it's a progressive tense -ing, but in the past, whereas the temperature is rising is present progressive.

In the progressive tense sentence, which word is the auxiliary verb? Which word is the main verb? Here's our sentence.

I am waiting for silence.

Which is the auxiliary verb, which is the main verb? Select the correct verbs now.

Brilliant.

Am here is our auxiliary verb.

It works in conjunction with our main verb, which is waiting, -ing.

I am waiting for silence.

Am is the auxiliary verb, waiting here is our -ing suffix form of the main verb.

There are four rules for adding the suffix -ing.

We can just add -ing like we would to the words ask, walk, and paint to create asking, walking, and painting.

We can keep the Y and add -ing, we can remove the e and add -ing, or we can double the consonant and then add -ing.

You'll be really familiar with these rules from when you've added other suffixes as well.

Let's revise each rule and see what you can remember.

Look at what happens when the suffix -ing is added to these verbs.

Walk becomes walking, watch becomes watching, ask becomes asking or asking.

Suggest becomes suggesting.

What do you notice here? Pause the video and have a think.

Great.

The root word has not changed here.

We are just adding our -ing suffix.

This usually happens when the root word ends in two consonant letters.

So walk for instance ends in an L and a K.

Two consonant letters, I just add -ing.

Suggest for instance ends in an S and T, two consonant letters.

I just add -ing to make suggesting.

So in these instances, we just add -ing.

What will the spelling of these words be when the suffix -ing is added? Remember to look carefully at the spelling of the root word 'cause that will help you to spell our new -ing word.

Enjoy, interrupt, recommend, develop.

How will I spell enjoying, interrupting, recommending, developing? Will the root words change at all? Pause the video and have a think.

Fantastic.

No, they won't change at all.

They either end in a vowel digraph of y or they end in two consonant letters.

So we just have to add -ing.

Our rule here is just add -ing.

Look at what happens when the suffix -ing is added to these verbs ending in y.

Worry becomes worrying.

Fry becomes frying.

Copy becomes copying.

What do you notice here? Again, the root word has not changed.

We are just adding -ing.

Like many other verbs, we can just add the suffix -ing to the end of the root word if it is ending in a y without changing it.

This can be when that Y is making either E or an I sound.

So worry and fry, we can see here, the worry, the Y is making an E and in fry, the Y is making an I sound.

Watch out though.

When we add the suffix -ed, we often remove the Y and add -ied.

But if we did this with our -ing suffix, we get a double I and we don't need to have a double I.

We already have an I in it.

So we can see here carry will become carried, removing the Y and -ied in our past tense, regular past tense.

For carrying in our progressive tense with that -ing, I just have to add -ing.

I don't do anything to the Y.

And it's the same for try.

Try in my regular past tense, I remove the Y and add -ied.

But in trying, my progressive tense, I just add -ing.

How will these words change when the suffix -ing is added to them then? We have cry, rely carry.

Remember look at the spelling of the root word.

It's gonna help us to spell that new word.

Pause the video and have a think.

How I spell crying, relying, carrying, Fantastic.

Absolutely.

It's not going to change the spelling of these words.

I'm gonna have crying, relying, and carrying.

Because they end in a Y, I just have to add -ing.

The rule is we keep the Y and add the -ing.

Now look at what happens to the suffix, when the suffix -ing is added to these verbs.

Smile becomes smiling.

There's a letter which has been removed.

Achieve becomes achieving.

Another letter's been removed.

Communicate becomes communicating.

What do you notice here? Absolutely, we've removed the E here, our root word has changed, and then we've added our -ing because we don't want to have -eing.

Otherwise, smiling would look like this.

Smileing, -eing, which wouldn't look right, would it? So our rule here is remove the E and add -ing.

How will these words that end in an E change when our suffix -ing is added then? Think about the rule we just looked at.

What will these words become? Dance or dance will become dancing or dancing.

Sacrifice will become sacrificing.

Appreciate will become appreciating.

Look carefully at the root word.

They ended in E.

How will our progressive tense verbs then be spelt? Fantastic.

We are going to remove the E from each of these and then add our -ing.

Our rule removes the E, then add -ing.

So look here for me at these pairs of verbs underneath.

We have some in our present, we have some in our progressive tense.

Smiles become smiling, tries become trying, studies become studying.

Which rule have they used? Have they kept a Y and added -ing or have they removed an E and added -ing? Match them now.

Amazing.

Smile, we clearly remove the E and added -ing.

Tried to become trying.

We've kept the Y and added -ing.

And study, we've kept the Y and added -ing.

Which one has been used here for these words? We've got write and writing, empty and emptying, take and taking.

Have we kept the Y and added -ing or remove the E and added -ing? Match them now.

Brilliant.

Right, we've clearly removed the E and added -ing.

Empty, we've kept the Y and added -ing.

Take, we've clear the E and added -ing.

Look what happens when the suffix -ing is added to these verbs.

Hop becomes hopping.

I've doubled something then I added -ing.

Beg becomes begging.

Skip becomes skipping.

Do you see what's happening here? Have a think.

This is really, really similar to when we've added some other suffixes.

The final consonant here has been doubled before we add our -ing suffix.

This is because these root words contain a short vowel before a single consonant.

A, E, I, O, U.

Hop, O, U.

Beg, E, I.

Skip, E, I.

And in a single consonant, we double that consonant and then add -ing.

This helps us to pronounce the words correctly.

When the root word has a short vowel sound and a single consonant, that final consonant is doubled when the suffix -ing is added.

Run becomes running, sit becomes sitting, gets becomes getting.

We double the consonant here and then add the -ing.

Watch out for our exception though.

Something that doesn't follow this rule.

Often if a word ends in X, it doesn't follow this rule.

Mix becomes mixing.

We don't double the X.

Relax becomes relaxing, don't double the X.

So our rule here is not doubling the X.

How will these words change when we add the suffix -ing then? Sit, beg, hop.

Remember to look at the spelling of the root word.

It's going to help us.

How will I spell sitting, begging, hopping? Have a think.

Fantastic.

They all have that short vowel in that root word followed by a single consonant.

So we're gonna double that consonant.

Double T, -ing.

Double G, -ing.

Double P, -ing.

We double the consonant and then add -ing.

So the final consonant is also doubled in these words.

Let's have a look.

Refer becomes referring.

Commit becomes committing.

Control becomes controlling.

These root words have two syllables.

So two beats.

Refer, commit, control.

And the final syllable is stressed.

You really clearly hear it.

Refer, commit, control.

They end in a single vowel letter followed by a single consonant letter.

So we double that consonant letter and then add our -ing.

If the last syllable is not stressed though, so it's not very clear, then the last letter is not doubled before adding our -ing.

Offer, I don't say offer.

It's not very clear like refer.

Offer makes an ah.

So it's not stressed.

So I just add -ing.

Which rule is used? Double the consonant and add -ing or just add -ing? Fantastic.

Enter, we've just had to add -ing because that last syllable is not stressed.

Enter, I didn't say enter.

I didn't stress it.

Enter.

So just add -ing.

Expelling here.

The last syllable is stressed, expel.

You really clearly hear it.

So I double the last consonant and add -ing.

And visit, let's have a look.

Visit.

Hmm, I didn't necessarily say visit, do I? Visit.

I say visit.

I'm not very clear, I didn't stress it.

So I just add -ing.

Remember, if that last syllabus is not stressed, we just add -ing.

If it is stress, we double the consonant and add -ing.

So look here for me.

We have ask become asking.

Run become running.

Commit become committing.

Have I doubled the constant and added -ing or have I just added -ing? Match them now.

Fantastic.

Ask has become asking.

I've just added -ing.

Run has become running.

I've doubled the N and added -ing.

Commit has become committing.

It's emphasised.

Commit, very clear there with our syllable.

Double the T and add -ing.

So double that consonant.

Here are all of the rules that we've looked for adding the -ing suffix then.

We can just add -ing, we can keep the Y and add -ing, we can remove the E and add -ing, we can double the consonant and add -ing.

We can narrow these down to three basic rules.

Rule one, just adding -ing.

And this is the same as when keeping the Y and adding -ing.

So just adding -ing.

Asking and carrying for instance.

Rule two, remove the E and add -ing.

Giving and closing.

And rule three, doubling the consonant and adding -ing.

Jogging with that short vowel and a single consonant in the root word, double it, -ing.

And sitting, the same.

Add the suffix -ing to each of these words and then match it to the rule that it follows.

Our root words are bake, worry, help, control.

Are you just going to add -ing? Are you going to remove the E and add -ing, or do you need to double the consonant and add -ing? How would you spell baking, worrying, helping, controlling, which one are you using? Off you go, Brilliant.

Bake becomes baking.

I remove the E and add -ing.

Worry, I just add -ing 'cause it ends in that Y.

Help, I just have to add -ing 'cause it ends in two consonant letters.

And control, control two syllables here and I reemphasize that second syllable, don't I? Controlled.

So I double the L and I add -ing.

I'm doubling the consonant and adding -ing.

Well done.

Here is our practise task then.

You'll see below that I have loads of root words.

Promise, dream, try, beg, clap, write, visit, quit, and achieve.

I want you to put them into correct column.

Am I just gonna add -ing, remove an E and add -ing, or double the consonant and add -ing? And have a go at spelling those new progressive tense verbs.

Off you go.

Excellent job, team.

So I'm hoping that you have a table that looks like this.

Dream, try, and visit.

We just had to add -ing.

Promise, write, and achieve all ended in E as every words.

And so we have to add, remove the E and add -ing for promising, writing, and achieving.

And beg, clap, and quit, short vowel sounds with a single consonant root word.

Double that consonant and add -ing.

Let's move on to our next learning cycle then.

We are going to now practise and apply our spellings.

Let's read some curriculum words.

My turn, your turn.

Heard, I heard the news.

40.

According.

What do you notice about these spellings? Is there anything interesting about them? Is there anything unique about them? Have a say at them again.

Compare the spelling to how they sound.

Great.

Well, I've noticed a few things.

In heard, the er sound is spelled E-A-R.

It has the word here inside it.

And these words are connected in spelling and meaning.

I can remember there's a hear in heard or an ear in heard.

40 has O-R sound, which is spelled with an O-R, unlike the word four.

So it doesn't have that U.

Be careful with that one.

Although they're linked, aren't they? 40 is that multiple of 10.

And according, there is a double C in according like the word accordance.

Watch out for that double C.

These are curriculum words which are going to appear a lot in our reading and writing.

So let's take a snapshot of them now and put them into our memories.

I'm gonna test you now.

Point to the correct spelling of heard as in I heard the news.

Point to it now.

Great.

Remember, there's an ear in heard or there's hear in heard and they're linked in meaning.

H-E-A-R-D.

It's that ear making that er sound.

Watch out for this one though.

It's a homophone, a word that sounds the same, but is spelt differently and has a different meaning.

This as in a herd of cattle.

Look here for me.

Point to the correct spelling of 40.

The number 40.

Be careful with this one, okay? It doesn't have the number four in it, although they're linked to meaning.

It's F-O-R-T-Y, this one here.

And finally, point to the correct spelling of according.

I had a double consonant in there somewhere.

Do you remember which one? Point to it now.

Brilliant, it's this one here.

According to me, this is the correct spelling of according.

A-C-C-O-R-D-I-N-G.

So let's now practise spelling words using the three patterns that we've looked at for adding our -ing suffix.

Remember, sometimes we just add -ing.

Other times we remove the e and add -ing.

Other times we double the final consonant and add -ing.

Root words ending in E, root words ending with a short vowel and a single consonant.

Remember our rules.

Choose the correct spelling in each sentence then, read them, think about the rules we've looked at.

Off you go.

Brilliant.

They were dancing on the stage at the disco.

Be careful with this one.

My root word is dance or dance, ends in a C-E.

I've gotta remove the E and add -ing.

I keep the C.

We are grouping the materials, so putting them into specific categories or groups.

Group is G-R-O-U-P is my root word.

I just have to add -ing.

Watch out, that's the O-U representation of that ooh sound like in soup.

The teacher was classifying the plants.

Ooh, classify, it's that I sound, but spelled with a Y at the end.

So the Y making that I, we keep the Y and add -ing.

Which child were you referring to? Hmm? What do we think here? Refer, ooh, it's emphasised, isn't it? Refer.

So I have to double that final consonant and add -ing, referring.

Another round for you to have a look at.

Read the sentences carefully.

Choose the correct spelling in each sentence.

Think about the rules you've looked at.

Off you go.

Good job, team.

Let's see how you've done then.

I am walking to the library to get a new book.

Walk, ooh, two consonant letters there at the end.

So I just add -ing.

Everybody was grabbing their hats and scarves.

Grab is my root word here.

Ah, ah, followed by a single consonant, grab, double that B, add -ing.

The little bird was trembling in fear.

Hmm, my root word here is tremble, which is that B-L-E or ending in an E.

Remove the E and add -ing and we are staying up late to celebrate.

I don't think I need to double my Y here.

It's part of a vowel diagraph, stay, ending in a Y, I just add -ing.

Remember our rules.

With those rules in mind then, let's do our final practise task.

We are now going to spell some verbs in the progressive tense with our -ing suffix.

Remember the rules that we have looked at.

Sound the word out.

Think, do you know the root word? Remember our spelling rules and read the word and check.

The first word is might turn your turn grouping.

We are grouping them together.

The next word, number two, is explaining.

The teacher was explaining to us.

Number three is occupying.

I am occupying that space.

Number four, achieving.

Number five, quitting.

So they all end in -ing.

Grouping, explaining, occupying, achieving, quitting.

Pause the video, off you go.

Fantastic job, team.

Some amazing application of our spelling rules there.

I could see children really carefully thinking about the root words, what those root words ended in, and how you would then add your -ing suffix and also some great handwriting.

So let's see how you've done.

I've seen grouping written in a couple of different ways.

Grouping.

Oh, two of them are correct here.

Our correct spelling is G-R-O-U-P-I-N-G, grouping.

This one and also the first one here.

It's that, ooh, isn't it? Okay.

Spelled with that O-U like soup.

And then we just add -ing.

I don't need to double the P.

The next one was explaining.

Explaining.

It's E-X, isn't it? Explain, explain.

Hmm, I don't think I need to double hear any letters.

Explain.

So I just add -ing, explaining.

Next one, occupy.

My root word is occupy, isn't it? And I'm trying to write occupying, okay? That progressive tense, -ing.

Occupying is that I sound instead of a Y.

We keep the Y and add -ing.

O-C-C-U-P-Y-I-N-G.

Watch out for the double C there.

Then we have achieving.

Now, watch out for this one.

I before E is in this word.

I before E except after C.

Achieve in.

Achieve is my root word here and that ends in an E.

So I remove the E and add -ing.

So achieving is spelled A-C-H-I-E-V-I-N-G.

Watch out for that I-E.

And finally, quitting.

Eh, eh, short vowel sound.

Quit is my root word.

For short vowel followed by single consonant, I double that consonant and add -ing.

How did you do? Did you make any magical mistakes? Were there any tricky bits about those words like the double C in occupying or the I-E in achieving that you need to make corrections in? Share your learning now.

Share any magical mistakes, make those corrections now.

Off you go.

Great spelling today, team.

Today we've been adding the -ing suffix that turns a verb into the progressive tense.

The progressive tense makes use of an auxiliary verb with the main verb, remember.

So we can have past and we can also have present progressive.

When adding the suffix -ing, different spelling rules are used depending on the spelling of the root word.

There are three key spelling rules when adding the suffix -ing.

Just adding -ing, especially if our root word ends in a Y.

Removing the E and adding -ing and doubling the consonant and adding -ing.

Keep up the great spelling and keep up the practise and I'll see you again soon.