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Hello, everybody.

Welcome to today's lesson.

My name is Mrs. Richards and in our session today, we are investigating the suffix which sounds like shun.

That suffix could be spelled T-I-O-N, S-I-O-N, S-S-I-O-N and C-I-A--N.

Let's get started.

We're going to start by exploring some key vocabulary.

Then we will investigate and generate rules.

And in particular, we're going to focus on some, rules today.

Then we'll set our spelling words.

In this lesson, you will need an exercise book or paper, a pencil and definitely your brain.

Pause the video and go and get those things now.

If you've got your brain and you're ready for learning, let's get started.

Here's our key vocabulary.

A noun is a person, place or thing.

My turn, your turn.

Noun.

A root is the most basic version of a word onto which the prefix or suffix is attached.

My turn, your turn.

Root.

And a suffix is a group of letters at the end of a word that change its meaning.

And sometimes it's world-class.

Suffix, can you remember the terms that match with each of these definitions? Pause the video and have a go.

Let's have a look together.

A person, place or thing was a? Noun.

Yes, that's right.

The most basic version of a word onto it should be prefix or suffix is attached was a? A root, well done.

And a group of letters at the end of a word that change its meaning and sometimes it's word class.

A suffix, well done for joining in.

Let's investigate and generate some rules.

On the board, there are four words.

Nation, my turn, your turn.

Nation, decision, confession, politician.

I want you to pause the video and work out what these words have in common.

Off you go.

If you need to clue, think about how these words sound.

What does that sound like at the end of each of these words.

Have a look at how these words are spelled and think about their word class.

Pause the video again, if you need more time.

Let's have a look together.

So these words all have an ending, which sounds like shun.

That ending is called a suffix.

Here we refer to it as the shun suffix and it could be spelled in four different ways.

T-I-O-N, S-I-O-N, S-S-I-O-N and C-A-I-N.

Listen carefully, notice that nowhere, is the shun suffix spelled S-H-U-N.

That's how it sounds but it's not how it's written.

Did you notice that all of these words were nouns.

Remember nouns refer to a person, place or a thing.

Here are the full suffixes which we're going to investigate in more detail today.

Today throughout the activity, I'm going to ask you to spot a word within a word.

When I do that, you're listening or looking for a root word.

Sometimes that root word might be obvious and sometimes not.

Look at the word mention.

Within mention I can't see or hear a root word.

That's because it's not a root word which makes sense in English by itself.

It's a root that probably comes from Latin.

Or from another language.

Have a look at decision.

Here, when we're listening for a word within a word, we can almost hear decide.

It's not quite there but almost.

That's our root word.

Here in invention is much easier.

I can see the whole root word within my new word.

So today we're listening for words within words to root words and we might be able to hear them or we might be able to see them.

Here's our first spelling.

On the board there are three words.

I'm going to read them out to you.

Then I'm going to pause the video and see if you can hear or see the word within a word.

Nation, completion, injection.

Can you hear a root word within any of those words.

Pause the video and tell the screen.

How did you get on? Let's have a look.

In nation I can't hear a root word that makes sense by itself.

In completion I can hear that it sounds almost like complete and injection I can see my root word inject.

Notice the pattern here.

Our root words all end in a T or a T-E.

And when that root word ends in a T or a T-E, we use the spelling T-I-O-N for the shun suffix.

Also and most importantly, their spelling is our best bet.

That means that this spelling, is the most common spelling of the shun suffix.

So if your writing and you can't remember the rule that should guide your spelling or if you're writing and you think that, isn't a rule in this case which would help you to guide your spelling, you need to remember that T-I-O-N is your best bet.

It's the best one to try, because it's the most common spelling of the suffix.

Let's keep going.

Two new words and this is our second spelling of that suffix.

I'll say the words aloud and I want you to listen for a word within a word.

Ready? Invasion.

Invasion.

Confusion.

Can you spot a word within a word? Pause and tell the screen.

How did you do that time? Let's have a look.

In invasion I can almost hear that root invade and in confusion I can almost hear that root confuse.

My roots are verbs.

And while I'm adding the shun suffix, I'm following that.

Have a look at the endings here.

Invade ends in a D-E.

Confuse ends in an S-E.

But they both take the suffix S-I-O-N.

Here's the rule.

If the root word ends in a D a D-E or an S-E, I need the suffix , S-I-O-N.

Next one, this is our third spelling.

Remember if this pace is a bit faster you, go back and have a look at some of the previous lessons about the shun suffix.

Those go through these rules and patterns at a slightly slower pace.

It might be that you just need a reminder or a prompt.

If you're happy with how this is going, then let's keep going.

Our third spelling, here are words, confession, admission.

Can you hear a word within a word? Can you hear the root? Pause and tell the screen.

Let's hear confession.

You could hear and you could see the root to confess the verb and from admission, I could almost hear admit.

It sounds just like admit, doesn't it? And to admit is the verb for which we get noun, admission.

Have a look at our endings here.

When that root word is ending in a S-S or in an M-I-T.

I know that I need the spelling, S-S-I-O-N.

Here's our rule.

If the root word ends in an S-S or an M-I-T, the spelling of the shun suffix is S-S-I-O-N.

Fourth spelling.

This one is my favourite.

Here are your words.

Mathematician.

Musician.

Can you spot a word within a word? Can you hear the root.

Pause and tell the screen.

How did you get on? What were the root words here? Mathematician? Yes for mathematics.

That's right.

And musician, yeah we can hear and see the word music.

Have a look at our patterns.

Where the root word ends in a C or a C-S, the spelling of the shun suffix is C-I-A-N.

Did you notice anything else that these words have in common? Mathematician, musician.

I could add other words to the same category.

Politician, magician, electrician.

There're all spelt in the same way.

And there all have something in common.

There're all jobs, there're all professions.

So here's our rule.

If the root word ends in a C or a C-S, we need the spelling C-I-A-N.

And if we're writing a word that's a job or profession and ends in that shun suffix, then I know I'm going to need the spelling C-I-A-N.

When we are writing a word with an ending that sounds like shun, we might be able to hear a word within the word we are writing.

The last letter of this root word, can give you a clue about how to spell the shun suffix.

On the board are the full spellings of the shuns suffix which we've explored today.

And next to them, all jumbled up are the four different rules.

Your job is to match the spelling of the suffix with the rule.

Should we have go? S-I-O-N, I wonder if you can spot the rule.

Point to it now on the screen.

Yes.

Good try.

Try this one.

Can you point to the rule that would match with the spelling S-S-I-O-N.

How about this one? Which rule matches C-I-A-N.

And this one, which rule matches T-I-O-N.

Point again, let's see how you got to.

S-I-O-N we use that spelling when the root word ends D or D-E or S-E.

S-S-I-O-N we use that when the root word ends S-S or M-I-T.

C-I-A-N we use that when the root word ends C.

And that's used for professions, for jobs.

And T-I-O-N we use that when the root word ends T or T-E.

And remember, that's our best bet.

The most common spelling of this suffix.

You've done brilliantly so far.

If you think you need to pause.

There take one here, go back and either revise what we've looked at, in this lesson or consolidate your understanding by looking back at previous lessons.

That will help.

If you feel comfortable with what we've done so far, then let's look at some exceptions to our rules.

So we said that that first spelling, T-I-O-N was used when the root word ended T or T-E.

Here's an exception.

In attention I have the spelling T-I-O-N but the root word ends in a D.

It would normally be written a A-T-T-E-N-S-I-O-N.

But I know for my reading that that just doesn't look right.

That's why reading is so important to our spelling.

The more we read the better we're able to spell because the better sense we have of what looks right.

Let's have a look at another exception.

This is one which you'll see relatively often.

Again it uses that first spelling, T-I-O-N.

Here the root word is inform, to inform.

But when I'm forming the noun, I have information.

Can you hear the sound that comes before the shun suffix? Let's cut the syllables to help us.

Information.

Did you hear it? Before the shun suffix, we've got the a sound.

Here written with the letter a.

You might often spot an a before some of our shun endings.

Information.

The good thing about this spelling, is that we can hear it.

It's not hidden.

If I'm trying to write the word information, I can hear that a that needs to come before my suffix.

Let's have a look at another example.

Expect becomes expectation.

Can you hear the a again? Remember you might spot that a before T-I-O-N.

It's something that we can see in our spelling, and it's something which we can hear.

Another example is consideration that works in exactly the same way.

Let's have a look at some more examples.

Here we're changing the root word explain into explanation.

Again, we have a-shun.

The letter a before our T-I-O-N.

Can you hear another difference? Explain, explanation.

In explain the verb, I have a long a sound.

The grapheme is A-I.

In explanation, I no longer have that long a sound.

So I don't need the letter I.

Explanation.

Have a look at the other one, on the board.

Position, position is one that we've just got to remember.

Here it's slightly more unusual.

We have an I before the T-I-O-N.

We can't spot a root word that's going to help us.

So this is just one we've got to learn.

Position, P-O-S-I-T-I-O-N Here are the differences that we've just discussed.

The long a becomes the short a and that cheeky letter I, that we need to watch out for.

Remember, these are spelling changes that we can hear, when we're writing.

Have a look at these, sensation.

Hear the root word sense becomes sensation.

Even though it ends with an S-E, my spelling is still T-I-O-N.

The clue is in that a that we can hear before it.

Sense becoming sensation.

And if you can hear that a, you know you need the spelling T-I-O-N.

Have a look at prepare.

Prepare becomes preparation.

We can hear that a.

Sense becomes sensation and prepare becomes preparation.

There are some other words which follow this pattern.

Observation, adoration, admiration.

If you want a challenge this week, learn those words, as well as your spelling words.

It's good to push yourself.

Let's have a look at.

Here apply to apply, becomes the noun, application.

Application Here there's been a few changes to that root word but just as before, I can hear those changes and the a tells me that that shun is going to be spelt, T-I-O-N.

Have a look at how i's changed.

Apply the Y has changed to an I.

And then I have a shun.

Here are three other exceptions, which are quite common in your reading and your writing.

Here the shun is spelled out in really unusual ways.

And you actually won't see these spellings in too many other words.

So if you can learn these three, then you'll be well prepared.

Ocean, ocean.

Here the shun sound is spelled C-E-A-N.

That's incredibly unusual.

Fashion, fashion.

Here that shun suffix is spelt S-H-I-O-N.

Remember we said at the beginning that we weren't going to use S-H for this sh sound.

That here, we can spot it in our two exceptions.

The last one is cushion.

It has that suffix spelt in the same way as in fashion.

C-U-S-H-I-O-N.

What have we discovered so far? You've done so well and learned such a lot.

Let's see what you can remember.

Here are my four suffixes on the board.

Can you remember the rules to match each one? Pause the video and have a go.

Let's have a look at the answers together.

Remember S-I-O-N is with three words ending D or D-E or S-E.

S-S-I-O-N is with root words ending S-S or M-I-T.

C-I-A-N is for root words ending C or C-S.

And it's used for professions for jobs.

T-I-O-N is for root words ending T or T-E.

And this is our best bet.

The most common spelling.

Let's have a look at our spelling words.

I'm going to read you each word in turn.

I'll read it twice, and then put it within a sentence to help you understand its meaning.

Your job is to pause the video and copy these words down really carefully.

Be very attentive when you're copying these words.

You don't want to copy the wrong spelling and accidentally learn the wrong spelling of these words.

But it's just that number one information, information.

You have received so much information in this lesson.

Pause the video if you need to.

Number two expectation, expectation.

I have a very high expectation of your spelling.

Pause the video if you need more time.

Number three, sensation, sensation.

A tingling sensation ran up my spine.

Pause the video if you need to.

Number four preparation, preparation.

Preparation is important when cooking.

Listen here's how we might say this word to help us with the spelling.

Preparation.

Pause if you need to.

Number five admiration, admiration.

I am full of admiration for you.

Number five, admiration, admiration.

I am full of admiration of you.

Number six, observation, observation.

Observation is important in science.

Pause the video if you need to.

Number seven explanation, explanation.

You have an explanation of how to spell.

Be attentive here, explanation.

Pause if you need to.

Number eight position, position.

What is your position on the map? Pause if you need to.

Number nine, one of my exceptions.

Ocean, ocean.

The ocean might be called the Atlantic.

Be attentive to the spelling.

Number 10 fashion, fashion.