Hello everybody, and welcome to our lesson.

This is our final writing lesson in this unit.

I'm really looking forward to seeing what we produce today.

Today's learning objective is to research the positive impact of the Windrush generation on modern Britain.

This is lesson number 14 of 15.

In this lesson, you will need your exercise book or paper, your pen or pencil, and your best learning brain.

You can pause the video if you need to go and get anything.

So we're going to start by placing some events on a historical timeline in chronological order.

Then we are going to learn a little bit more about the Notting Hill race riots.

Then we are going to use this knowledge to discuss the impact of these events on modern Britain.

So, we're going to place the arrival of the Windrush on a historical timeline.

Your task is to try putting these events in chronological order on the timeline.

Now you will have seen this timeline before, so I want to see whether you can remember the order and when these events happened.

Pause the video while you do that.

Okay everyone, I am now going to reveal the answers.

You should have now paused the video and had a go at ordering the events.

So firstly, in 1655, some Caribbean islands were brought under British rule.

Then World War II occurred in 1939, and it lasted until 1945.

In 1948, the Empire Windrush sailed migrants from Jamaica to Britain.

And finally, in 1966, we had the very first Notting Hill Carnival.

So we're going to learn a little bit more about the Notting Hill race riots.

We're going to learn about a group of people called the Teddy Boys.

Here's a photo of some.

Teddy Boys were typically young, white, and usually working-class men.

There were not many opportunities for these men at the time.

There was a lack of housing and jobs.

So remember how we learned that after the war, there weren't many places for people to live, and there was also a huge amount of rebuilding and reconstructing of Britain that needed to happen because it had been so severely bombed during World War II.

Now there was a group of young men, called the Teddy Boys, who wore clothes inspired by Edwardian fashion.

So the Edwardian era was from 1901 to 1910.

King Edward came after Queen Victoria, so Queen Victoria died in 1901, and her reign ended.

Then, King Edward became the king.

He took over from Queen Victoria.

After the reign of Queen Victoria was King Edward, and a nickname for Edward is Teddy.

So these young men had been inspired by Edwardian fashion, so the fashion at the time when King Edward was the king.

So this is why they were called the Teddy Boys.

Now we're going to learn the term riot.

My turn, riot.

Your turn, well done.

You may have heard this word already, but this is when a crowd of people becomes violent.

So, we're going to go to an area call Notting Hill, which is in England.

It's in the capital city of England which is London.

Okay, so this is where we're placing ourselves now.

So in 1958, there were Notting Hill race riots.

Here's a photo of one.

So remember, a riot is when a gathering or a group of people becomes violent, and they were arguing, they were rioting about something to do with race or racism or racial issues.

So let's read about what happened.

On the 29th of August in 1958, an argument turned into violence.

A small group of Teddy Boys attacked a white woman outside Ladbroke Grove Station, so that's just a train station in Notting Hill, because her partner was black.

By the evening, the group of Teddy Boys had grown to 300 to 400.

This was the start of a riot where black people, their houses and shops were targeted and attacked.

So these Teddy Boys had behaved in a racist way towards this man and woman.

They didn't agree with a white woman being married to a black man.

So they had an argument which then became violent.

Then, by the evening, there were almost 400 Teddy Boys involved.

They had joined in the argument and the fight, and this then became a riot because there were so many people then involved and it became very violent.

Then, those black people in the area's houses and shops were targeted and attacked by this group of people.

The rioting continued until the 5th of September.

So about a week this riot went on for.

Can you imagine how much carnage and chaos would've been going on in the streets of Notting Hill? 140 people, mainly white youths, a youth is just a young person, so white young people, were arrested by the police and some black people were also arrested by the police for carrying weapons.

So, now we're going to think about the impact of the Notting Hill race riots.

So we know that they took place, now what was the impact or the effect of the Notting Hill race riots? So the rioting caused a breakdown of trust between the police and the African-Caribbean community in the UK.

They claimed that police had not taken their fears seriously before the attacks started.

They also argued that many of the black people who had been arrested during the riots were only acting in self defence.

After the riots, some of the Afro-Caribbeans decided to return back to their home countries.

The racism and discrimination was not something they could live with.

So in summary, after these riots took place, black people living in London were really angry and upset with the police because they felt that they had raised fears with the police before the riots started and nothing had been done to prevent them from happening.

They also argued that black people who had been arrested for carrying weapons were only carrying those weapons in order to defend themselves because they were being attacked by these racist white people who were targeting their homes and their shops.

So, we have lots of different outcomes of the Notting Hill riots.

Some of them are positive and some of them are negative.

I would like you to read through these facts, these outcomes of the riots, and decide whether they should be green as in positive impact of the riots or pink as in negative outcomes.

So we'll read through these together first.

So, organisations such as Coloured People's Progressive Association were formed after the riots.

These organisations continued to fight against racism and shaped 20th century history.

Many black people no longer trusted the police.

The media and people were made aware of the racism that black people were facing.

A year later, the first Caribbean Carnival took place in Notting Hill to celebrate Caribbean culture.

Many black people were arrested despite acting in self defence.

Some black people decided to move away from England.

And it became an event noted down in history.

So I want you to read through each one again, and decide whether this was a positive outcome of the riots or a negative outcome of the riots.

Pause the video while you do that.

Okay everyone, hopefully you've all paused the video, and you've spent some time thinking about whether each outcome was a good thing or a bad thing.

Now I'm going to reveal.

So, the positive outcomes are in green.

So, organisations such as the Coloured People's Progressive Association were formed after the riots.

These organisations continued to fight against racism and shaped 20th century history.

So this is a good thing because groups and organisations were formed in order to tackle and challenge racism.

The media and people were made aware of the racism that black people were facing.

This is a good thing.

This made everybody aware of the challenges that the Afro-Caribbean community were facing.

A year later, the first Caribbean Carnival took place in Notting Hill to celebrate Caribbean culture.

This is another good thing, this is an opportunity for Caribbean culture to be celebrated and acknowledged in London.

And finally, it became an event noted down in history.

This is another good thing.

At the very start of our unit, we talked about history and learning the mistakes of the past.

And it's a good thing, if something like a riot, which is obviously not a good thing, takes place, it's right that people learn from it and hopefully then in the future, the same mistakes won't be made.

So violence won't have to happen again in the future.

Now negative outcomes of the Notting Hill race riots.

Many black people no longer trusted the police.

This is negative.

Many black people were arrested despite acting in self defence.

So, these people, some people who had been arrested, had been carrying weapons because they were being attacked themselves.

So, that seems unfair that many of those black people were arrested even though they were only trying to protect themselves and their families.

Some black people decided to move from England.

Again, this is a negative outcome that some people felt that they were no longer safe and could not live with enduring that level of racism anymore in England.

So now, you have a free writing activity.

I would like you to research some of the following activists who worked to bring the Notting Hill Carnival together.

So an activist is someone who takes action and decides to work to change things, so trying to fix maybe some problems in society.

Two examples of the activists who worked to bring the Notting Hill Carnival together were Claudia Jones and Rhaune Laslett-O'Brien.

And we can see here on a little plaque dedicated to her that says through her vision and spirit, the Notting Hill street festival was conceived in 1965.

It later evolved into Notting Hill Carnival.

So, both of these activists were involved in bringing about the Notting Hill Carnival, which is a big carnival in London, happens every year, and it celebrates the Caribbean culture and the Caribbean influence in the culture of the whole of the UK.

I would like you to design a brochure or an information leaflet with information about the origins of the Notting Hill Carnival.

So how the Notting Hill Carnival came to be.

Okay everyone, and that brings us to the end of our lesson today.

So, perhaps your brochure is an on-going project that you continue to work on.

I'm going to expect it to be full of vibrant colours and loads of information about the activists that you've researched, and also information about the Caribbean influences on the United Kingdom's culture today.

I bet you should be feeling so proud of everything that you have achieved in this unit, and hopefully feeling really empowered by the knowledge that we have developed through learning about the Windrush.

Well done everyone.