Lesson video

Hi there, and welcome to today's spelling lesson.

I'm Mr. Moss, and I'm really looking forward to teaching you.

With you today, you need to bring your looking eyes, your listening ears, and your thinking brains, as well as that something to write with and write on or someone and something to talk to would also be excellent.

Right, let's waste no time and crack right into today's spelling lesson.

In this spelling lesson, we're going to be spelling words with the suffix -O-U-S and -C-I-O-U-S.

The outcome will be, I can spell words with the suffix -C-I-O-U-S.

Here are the keywords for today's learning.

My turn, your turn.

Make sure I can hear you say these back to me.

Suffix, root word, noun, adjective.

So, let's have a chat about what these mean then.

A suffix is a letter or group of letters added to the end of a word to change its meaning.

A root word is the base word from which other words are formed, often by adding prefixes or suffixes.

A noun is a naming word for people, places, or things.

And an adjective describes a noun.

So today we are going to be taking that -O-U-S or that -C-I-O-U-S suffix, and we're going to be adding it some root words.

And interestingly, adding that suffix will create adjectives, words that can describe nouns.

So here are the outlines of today's lesson.

We are going to be spelling words with the suffix -O-U-S and -C-I-O-U-S.

And we're going to first of all look at rules for using the suffix -O-U-S and -T-I-O-U-S.

Then we're going to look at rules for using the suffix -C-I-O-U-S.

And we're going to finally end with spelling some curriculum words.

So let's get on with looking at rules for the suffix, <v ->O-U-S and -T-I-O-U-S.

</v> Remember that a suffix is a letter or group of letters that we add to the end of words to create another word.

And unlike prefixes, which we add to the beginning, suffixes can change the word's tense or word class.

Let's look at some examples.

Here we have the root word offer, and I add my -I-N-G suffix to create the new word offering.

Here I have hazard.

A hazard is a noun.

If I add my -O-U-S suffix, it creates the adjective hazardous, changing its word class.

Here we have fast or fast.

If you add our -E-R suffix, it creates the comparative adjective, faster or faster.

Interestingly, the addition of some suffixes can change the spelling of the root word, as well as its word tense or word class.

There are lots of different types of suffix, remember, and today we're concentrating on that -O-U-S or -T-I-O-U-S, as well as the -C-I-O-U-S.

So there are loads of different types of suffix, and there are different rules for how the root word changes when those suffix are added.

And we're going to review some of those rules now.

So suffixes, which create adjectives include -E-R, -E-S-T, -O-U-S, -A-L, and -I-C.

The greener seasonal apples are the sweetest.

They are all adjectives.

He is a famous and dramatic actor.

There you can see our -O-U-S suffix.

It's created an adjective.

We've taken that root word, fame, and added our -O-U-S suffix to create an adjective, famous.

Suffixes which create verbs include -E-N, -A-T-E, -I-F-Y, and -I-S-E.

When you thicken the soup, it will intensify the flavour.

So they're doing words, their words of action.

Please clarify the instructions before we finalise the plan.

Again, doing words, verbs.

And suffixes which create nouns include -tion spelled T-I-O-N, -I-T-Y, and -N-E-S-S.

The celebration brought happiness to the community, all nouns.

The charity were grateful for the large donation.

Again, nouns.

So with that in mind, I'd like you to match the words to the word class.

The suffixes will help you.

Our words are solidify, information, allergic, and personal.

Are these words, nouns, verbs, or adjectives? Remember, a noun is a P-P-T.

A verb is a doing, being, or having word.

And an adjective describes a noun.

It tells you what it's like.

Match these words now to their word class, off you go.

Excellent job, team.

So solidify ends in -I-F-Y.

That is a verb suffix.

It's the act of making something more solid.

Information, our root word there is inform and we've added that -A-T-I-O-N suffix.

Information is a noun.

Allergic is an adjective.

You can have an allergic reaction.

It's describing your reaction.

Personal, again, an adjective, I-C an A-L adjective suffixes.

Remember, an adjective describes a noun.

So these words all end in the suffix -O-U-S that we are concentrating on today.

Prosperous, joyous, adventurous.

A person who's filled with adventure.

Mysterious, something that's filled with mystery.

Glamorous, might describe a dress as being glamorous because it's full of glamour.

Outrageous, something filled with outrage.

Glorious, hideous, something's ugly, full of ugliness.

So they all contain this -O-U-S suffix here.

By adding the -O-U-S suffix, we've created adjectives.

And you may notice very clearly some root words here.

As the suffix -O-U-S begins with a vowel, it follows many of the usual rules for adding suffixes when we can recognise the root word.

There are four key rules that we are going to be looking at for adding this -O-U-S suffix to create adjectives.

The first is, just to add -O-U-S.

The next is to remove an E and add -O-U-S.

The next is to remove the Y and add -I-O-U-S.

And the final rule is to change O-U-R to O-R and then add our -O-U-S suffix.

Let's look at some words that show and exemplify these rules.

So just adding -O-U-S, our root words, courage and joy.

Now, courage is G-E, isn't it? So because it's a G-E, we need to keep the E, we don't need to remove it and add -O-U-S.

Joy, the Y there is part of a vowel digraph so we just add O-U-S.

The words adventure and continue end in an E, so we remove the E and add O-U-S, 'cause it's not G-E, it's not helping us make that ge or jay sound there, that soft sound.

Glory and fury both contain a Y, which is proceeded by a consonant letter.

So we remove the Y and add I-O-U-S, and the words vigour and glamour both end in O-U-R.

So we change the O-U-R to O-R and then add our -O-U-S suffix.

Just as a reminder, remember root words that end in G-E, we just add O-U-S to because it helps us to pronounce them correctly.

So I'm going to show you now some words.

Which rule will the root words that I show you use when we need to add our O-U-S suffix to create an adjective.

Our root word is glory.

How will I spell glorious? Which rule will I use? Pause the video and have a think.

Great job.

Well, glory two syllables ending in that Y, that Y making that E sounds proceeded by consonant letter who remove the Y and add I-O-U-S.

So we're using this rule here, rule B.

The next word is prosper.

How will I spell prosperous? Pause the video and have a think.

Which rule will I use? Brilliant.

So prosper, we can just add the O-U-S.

So we're using rule A here.

If you are prosperous, it means you're doing very well for yourself, perhaps financially.

You are prospering, you're doing well.

So next word, vigour.

How will I spell vigorous? Brilliant, it ends in O-U-R.

So we need to change the O-U-R to O-R and then add our suffix O-U-S to create our adjective vigorous.

And the final one here, continue.

What rule will I use here? How will I spell continuous? Excellent job, team.

It ends in an E, so I remove the E and add my O-U-S, continuous.

Great job.

Some words don't have an obvious root word though.

For instance, fabulous, jealous, generous, tremendous, tedious, previous, curious, hideous.

They all contain our O-U-S suffix.

They are all adjectives, but they don't have a clear root word.

Some of these adjectives have an ee sound before the O-U-S ending as well.

If we look at tedious, previous, curious and hideous, and you'll notice that this ee sound is usually spelled with an I, but it can also be spelled with an E, like in hideous.

The I and the E here are making an ee sound before our -O-U-S suffix.

There are also words derived from a root word ending in a Y that follow this pronunciation and spelling pattern.

For instance, envious.

Our root word is envy, ending in a Y.

Remove the Y add I-O-U-S, or study, which becomes studious ending in that Y, remove the Y add I-O-U-S and that I is making that ee sound.

Luxurious is another one.

Our root word luxury.

So we remove the Y and add I-O-U-S, and that I makes that ee sound, luxurious.

So, with these rules that we've looked at in mind, I'd like you now to read these sentences and choose the correct spelling for the adjective in each sentence.

The highlighted words, off you go.

Great job, team.

You've clearly been paying attention in following these rules, I'm sure you may have some knowledge already about suffixes and the rules around adding them.

So, she served a generous portion of porridge.

Generous, it's our O-U-S, generous.

Watch out, generous.

I know it might not always sound like it was very clearly that E in the middle, but generous.

Okay, generous.

Make sure you clap out those syllables.

It is a tremendous achievement.

Tremendous.

So it's our O-U-S.

Tremendous, no clear and obvious root words there.

Ben was known for his studious nature.

Now our root word here is study.

We've removed the Y and added our I-O-U-S.

Remember that I is making that ee sound, E-O-U-S, studious.

So it's I-O-U-S, but it sounds like E-O-U-S, studious.

Brilliant job team.

So if the root word ends in tion, so T-I-O-N, we remove that T-I-O-N and then replace it with T-I-O-U-S.

This also usually turns a noun into an adjective.

Infection, for instance, which is a noun, becomes infectious, an adjective.

Superstition, which is a noun, becomes superstitious.

An adjective used to describe somebody.

An exception to this rule is the word fiction, something that's not real.

It becomes fictitious, like a fictitious story.

A story that's not real.

Here, because we have that T-I, we keep that T-I and then add our tious, T-I-O-U-S.

We just get rid of the O-N to spell fictitious.

What will the spelling of these words ending in T-I-O-N be when the suffix T-I-O-U-S, tious is added.

How will I spell ambitious, cautious, superstitious? Look carefully at the root words, pause the video now.

Great job, team.

Ambition becomes ambitious.

Remember, by looking carefully at the spelling of the root word, we can spell our new adjective.

We remove the T-I-O-N and add our T-I-O-U-S.

And it's the same for all of these.

Watch out for superstitious.

It keeps that T-I 'cause it already contains it.

It is not like fictitious.

Remove the tion then, the T-I-O-N and then add our -T-I-O-U-S suffix as our rule here.

So, let's apply all of the rules that we've been looking at so far.

We're going to spell some words that contain in the suffixes, -O-U-S or -T-I-O-U-S.

Remember to sound out the word, think of a root word If there is an obvious one, remember there might not be.

Think of the spelling rules that we've looked at and read the word and check.

So the first word is courageous.

He was courageous in battle.

Number two is mysterious.

A mysterious object appeared.

Number three, infectious.

The infectious disease spread.

Number four, humorous.

The humorous lady made them laugh.

And number five, hideous.

He was left with a hideous injury.

So, courageous, mysterious, infectious, humorous, hideous.

Pause the video, off you go.

Brilliant job, team.

I'm super impressed at how you've managed to apply the spelling rules that we've been looking at today to create these adjectives.

So the first word was courageous.

Our root word here is courage.

That ends in that G-E, which means we keep the E and add just our O-U-S.

Brilliant, helps us to pronounce the word correctly.

I made that ge, ge, jay sound.

Next is mysterious.

Now root word here is mystery.

Mystery, now that's a consonant and then a Y, isn't it? So mysterious.

I'm going to remove that Y and add I-O-U-S and that I is going to make that ee sound before my -O-U-S suffix.

Mysterious, great job.

The next is infectious.

Next we have infectious.

Infection is a linked word here.

We remove that tion, T-I-O-N, and then add our T-I-O-U-S.

Infectious.

Then we have humorous.

This is a great one.

Remember, humour, we spell O-U-R at the end.

So we change the O-U-R to O-R and then add O-U-S.

Someone or something that's funny or full of humour.

And finally hideous.

No clear and obvious root word here.

It's hideous.

That ee being made by the E and then O-U-S, hideous.

Brilliant, how did you do at spelling our adjectives here? Share your learning.

Share any matching mistakes and make any corrections now.

Off you go.

Onto our next learning cycle then, which is rules for using the suffix, -C-I-O-U-S.

Let's read some words together, vicious.

The vicious dog bit.

Gracious.

The team were gracious in defeat.

Spacious.

This room is spacious.

Malicious.

So where you do something that's not very nice, full of malice and badness.

What do you notice about all of these words then? Pause the video and have a think.

Great, they all contain the -C-I-O-U-S suffix.

The suffix -C-I-O-U-S in the same way as our -O-U-S suffix, generally turns a noun into an adjective.

If the root word ends in C-E, we remove the C-E and add the suffix, -C-I-O-U-S.

So vice becomes vicious, pronunciation also changes in such areas as well.

Grace becomes gracious, malice becomes malicious.

An exception to the rule is the word anxious because it makes the same sound shus, but is spelled I-O-U-S, not C-I-O-U-S, has that X in it.

So what will the spelling of these words ending in C-E be when the suffix -C-I-O-U-S is added? Remember to look carefully at the root word and think about the rule that we just looked at.

Have a go at spelling gracious, malicious, spacious.

Great job, team.

Remember the spelling of the root word helps us to spell the new adjective.

So we remove the C-E and add C-I-O-U-S in all of these instances to create adjectives, meaning something full of that noun.

So full of grace, full of malice and full of space.

Our rule here is remove C-E and add C-I-O-U-S.

So there are several other words that may not have an obvious root word, but they do also end in C-I-O-U-S.

Let's look at some.

We have conscious.

If you're conscious of something, you are aware of it, you've thought of it.

Delicious, something that's really tasty, suspicious, precious, something that's precious is very valuable to you.

Sometimes these words have a Latin root.

For example, the word conscious comes from the Latin, scio, meaning I know.

So with the words that we've just looked at and the rules we've looked at for those C-I-O-U-S words, choose the correct spelling in each sentence.

Off you game.

Great job.

The freshly baked bread smelled delicious.

Lovely, there's no obvious root word here, delicious.

A diamond is a very precious stone.

It's that C-I-O-U-S for that shus.

And he was suspicious of the footprints outside.

Brilliant, again, C-I-O-U-S.

So we are now going to have a go at spelling some words that contain our -C-I-O-U-S suffix.

Remember to sound out the words, think of the root word if there is an obvious one.

Remember, there might not be, so sound out the word.

Think of the rules if there is an obvious root word, and read the word and check.

So our first word is delicious.

That was a delicious meal.

Number two is vicious.

There was a vicious attack.

Number three, malicious.

Something filled with malice and evil.

Anxious.

He felt anxious during the wait.

And number five, spacious.

The classroom was huge and spacious.

So delicious, vicious, malicious, anxious, spacious.

Pause the video and have a go at writing those adjectives now, off you go.

Great job, team.

Really careful consideration for those words that did have root words and when they didn't, really great sounding out.

So let's see how you've done then.

Delicious, no obvious root word here, delicious, we know that shus is going to be C-I-O-U-S.

We sound out the rest it makes a lot of sense, doesn't it? Delicious.

Vicious then, vice here is our root word, isn't it? C-E, remove the C-E and add C-I-O-U-S.

Vicious.

Malicious, malice again, ends in C-E.

For this one, we have to remove the C-E and then add our C-I-O-U-S, malicious.

Then we have anxious.

This was our exception, remember.

This is not with a C-I-O-U-S because that X is anxious that X-I-O-U-S.

So this is our word here, doesn't have a clear and obvious root word.

And then we have spacious.

Our root word here is space, isn't it? C-E, remove the C-E and add C-I-O-U-S.

Great job.

So how have you done there? Share any matching mistakes, share your learning and make any corrections now, off you go.

And onto our final learning cycle then team, which is spelling some curriculum words.

Curriculum words are those words which are going to appear lots in our reading and writing.

So it's really important we're confident with spelling them.

Let's read them first of all.

Prejudice, as a noun, prejudice is the preconceived notion about something or someone without actually any real experience of it.

Accommodate.

If you can accommodate someone, you can allow them to come and stay.

This links to that word accommodation.

Accompany.

If you accompany someone, you go with them, you follow them.

May I accompany you on your journey? So read these words again and also think about what you notice about them.

Is there anything maybe tricky about them? Pause the video and have a think.

Great, some lovely conversations and lovely thinking going on there, team.

So I've noticed a couple of things.

In prejudice, we have this C-E making that s sound at the end like in the words office and notice.

Very important can also be a little bit difficult to hear that U in the middle as well.

Prejudice, we don't say prejadice or prejudas, we say prejudice, it's not particularly stressed.

Accommodate has lots of double letters, has a double C, a double M, and sometimes the O in the middle or the second O, accommodate, can be hard to hear.

Can sound like an uh, accommodate.

It's an unstressed vowel depending on pronunciation.

Again, accompany, the O there after the double C sounds like an ah, doesn't it? Accompany.

So look for also for the word company within the word.

A word within a word, ac company.

With that in mind, I'm going to test you now.

So let's take a final snapshot, prejudice, accommodate and accompany.

Remember what's tricky about them.

Prejudice, we've got the C-E, accommodate double C, double M, and that O with a second O.

And accompany has that O after the double C, look for the word company.

So, which of these are spelled correctly then.

Quickfire round, point to the correct spelling of prejudice.

Great job.

Okay, so prejudice.

Remember that U in the middle and then that s at the end with a C-E, like the word office.

Next one, accommodate.

Point to it now.

Great job.

Remember double C, double M and that second O, accommodate.

Excellent, and finally accompany.

Great job.

So accompany, remember look for the word company in it.

Accompany, double C, and then that O as well.

And that word company is within the word.

Word within a word.

So because these are curriculum words, it's really important we are confident with reading, writing and spelling them 'cause we're going to be using them a lot.

We might see them a lot too.

So we're going to use the look, cover, write, check strategy, a really good independent strategy.

This is where you look carefully at the word and consider what's difficult about it.

I'll do this for prejudice.

So prejudice, okay, that U in the middle is really important to remember.

And also that C-E at the end.

I then cover the word up, prejudice, okay? P-R-E-J-U-D-I-C-E.

I have a go at writing in my neatest handwriting from my memory and then I check back, oh, I got it correct.

But just 'cause I got it correct once doesn't mean I only do it once.

I do it a number of times to really, really instil that spelling into my long-term memory.

Using my joined up cursive handwriting as well really helps make good links between my hand and my brain, my motor memory.

So I want you to have a go using this strategy now.

Look, cover, write, check.

For prejudice, accommodate, accompany.

Remember to look carefully at each word individually and consider what's difficult about it before you cover it and memorise it.

Off you go.

Excellent job team, really impressed.

So, have you gotten along with the look, cover, write, check strategy there? Did you manage to spell all your words correctly? Have you written them out a number of times using that strategy? Make any corrections now and share your learning.

Off you go.

Brilliant job in spelling today, team.

We've been looking at four spelling rules today for adding the -O-U-S suffix to a root word.

If the root word ends in a C-E, we remove these letters and add the suffix -C-I-O-U-S.

The suffix -C-I-O-U-S remember, generally turns a noun into an adjective.

Adding our -O-U-S suffix generally does turn nouns into adjectives.

Exceptions, or harder root words to identify include the words, anxious, conscious, delicious, suspicious, and precious of our -C-I-O-U-S suffix.

Apart from anxious, which is X-I-O-U-S.

Great job.

Keep up the spelling, see if you can spot any of the words of -O-U-S or -C-I-O-U-S suffixes in your reading.

I'll see you again soon.