Lesson video

Hello, and welcome to today's spelling lesson.

I'm Mr. Moss.

I love spelling.

I'm really looking forward to working with you today.

With you today, you need to bring your looking eyes, your listening ears, and your thinking brains.

And as well as that, something to write with and write on would also be really helpful.

Right, let's waste no more time and get straight into today's spelling lesson.

In this spelling lesson, we're going to be spelling words that use the suffixes C-I-A-L and T-I-A-L that commonly make a shul sound.

The outcome will be I can spell words with the suffix C-I-A-L and T-I-A-L.

Here are the keywords for today's learning.

My turn.

Your turn.

Suffix, vowel, consonant, root word.

Great.

Let's have a chat about what these mean then.

A suffix is a letter or group of letters added to the end of a word to change its meaning.

A vowel is a speech sound produced with an open mouth.

A, E, I, O, U, for instance, are long vowel sounds.

A consonant is a sound that is made by the blocking of the air by the teeth, tongue, lips, or palette.

P, T, M, N are instances consonants.

And a root word is the base word from which other words are formed often by adding prefixes or suffixes.

So today, remember, we're looking at adding the T-I-A-L and the C-I-A-L suffixes, and recognising whether a vowel or a consonant comes before those suffixes in the root word.

It's going to be really important.

Here's the outline.

Just two learning cycles today.

We're gonna look at the suffixes C-I-A-L and T-I-A-L to begin with, and then we're going to practise and apply the spellings that we've been looking at.

Let's get on with looking at these suffixes then.

A suffix, remember, is a letter or group of letters that we add to the end of a word to create another word.

Unlike prefixes, which come at the beginning, suffixes can often change the word's tense or word class.

Here we have the root word prosper.

I have my O-U-S suffix.

It creates the word prosperous.

Here we have the root word nation.

I take that nation and I add my A-L suffix.

It becomes national.

It's turned from a noun to an adjective.

And here we have deep and E-S-T creating the word deepest, our superlative adjective.

There are lots of different types of suffix.

Remember that today we're looking at the C-I-A-L and the T-I-A-L suffix.

Some words with suffixes often have root words we can really clearly recognise and some don't.

Let's read some words that contain a variety of suffixes that we're going to be looking at today.

Memorial.

So we have our I-A-L here.

Industrial.

So a place where there is factories and industry going on.

Editorial.

A written piece in a newspaper or magazine that gives the editor's opinions on a certain topic.

Cordial.

If you're cordial, you're very polite, and kind, and sweet.

Colonial.

Relating to a colony or colonies.

So all of these words contain the suffix I-A-L as you may have seen.

Some of these words are nouns and some are adjectives.

Can you identify a root word in any of these words? Pause the video and have a think now.

Great job.

So I think in memorial, which is a noun, I can see memory.

Industrial, which is an adjective, I can think I can see the word industry.

I can see the word edit or editor in editorial.

In colonial, the root word will be colony, and there's no clear root word for cord or cordial, is there? Hmm? Look at what happens to these words when the suffix I-A-L is added.

So we have the root word memory.

I have my I-A-L suffix.

I've removed the Y and added my I-A-L.

Industry, to become industrial.

Again, remove the Y, add I-A-L.

Colony, to become colonial.

Again, remove the Y, add I-A-L.

So our rule here is remove the Y and add the I-A-L suffix.

The letter I is pronounced as an ee.

Memor-ee-al, industr-ee-al, colon-ee-al.

So be careful with that.

There are very few words where the I-A-L is simply added to the root word.

Editorial, for instance, is one of these examples.

We just add our I-A-L.

There are also words that have no obvious root word.

Think back to those words you read a minute ago.

Cordial.

This means warm and friendly.

This comes from the Latin cor meaning heart, so showing kindness from the heart.

What will the spelling of these words ending in Y be when the suffix I-A-L is added? Remember, looking at the spelling of the root word helps us to spell the new word.

How will I spell industrial and memorial? Pause the video and have a think now.

Brilliant job, team.

Well, of course, they're following our rule, aren't they? Remove the Y and add our I-A-L suffix here.

So our rule is remove the Y and then add I-A-L.

Bear this in mind.

Let's read some words that contain some other suffixes then.

Push, essential, crucial.

Okay, so let's say those one more time.

Push, essential, crucial.

Do you hear a similar sound in each of these words? They contain sh, sh, and sh spelled in different ways.

They all contain a sh sound spelled either S-H, T- I or C-I.

The sh sound can be spelled a range of ways, including S-H, T-I, and C-I then.

We have shut, potion, precious.

Let's read some more words.

Influential.

Notice here we now have our T-I and our A-L working together.

Artificial.

Here we have our C-I and our A-L working together.

Confidential.

So it's that sh and that ul, shul.

Crucial.

Something that's really important.

Essential.

Something that's necessary.

And official.

So here we can see the T-I-A-L and the C-I-A-L suffixes at work.

They all contain that shul suffix that can be spelled in two ways, T-I-A-L or C-I-A-L.

It is common to see a C or T before the suffix I-A-L.

This can be spelled C-I-A-L or T-I-A-L.

There are spelling rules that can help us to recognise when to use which spelling, as it can be really difficult obviously to choose the correct one because they sound exactly alike.

If the letter before our shul ending is a vowel, A, E, I, O, U, C-I-A-L is usually used.

It's your best bet.

So we have here crucial.

You can see my vowel U before my shul, so it's C-I-A-L.

Social.

You can see that O before the C-I-A-L, so it's C-I-A-L.

Facial.

You can hear that A before the shul, so it's the C-I-A-L spelling.

Did you notice anything else about these words as well? Do you perhaps notice any root words that are obvious and clear? Pause the video.

Have a look at the words again.

Brilliant.

Something I noticed is you can almost spot the word face in facial, can't you? Remember, thinking carefully and looking carefully at spellings, especially when practising them, will help us to grow our word consciousness.

But the key piece of learning from this page is if the letter before the shul ending is a vowel, then C-I-A-L is usually used.

Now, if the letter before the shul ending is a consonant, then the T-I-A-L spelling is usually used.

Partial.

Oh, you can see that R consonant before the shul, so it's the T-I-A-L spelling.

Confidential.

That N consonant before the shul, so it's the T-I-A-L spelling.

Torrential, like torrential rain.

That N consonant before the shul, so it's T-I-A-L.

Are there any root words that you can spot in these root words? Come on, grow that word consciousness.

Pause the video and have a think.

Great job, team.

Well, I've noticed a few different things.

I can see part, confident, and torrent in these words all ending in that T.

They're connected in meaning and also spelling, and they contain that T-I-A-L.

I can also spot root words that end in a T then, like part and confident, as we just spoke about, which is going to help us to remember that it's that T-I-A-L spelling.

The suffix shul can be spelled C-I-A-L or T-I-A-L then.

Listening to the sound before the shul can help us to decide which spelling to use.

So for instance, words social and facial, we have that O and that A vowel sounds before the shul, so it's C-I-A-L.

Then we have the words partial and confidential.

We have consonant letters R and N coming before the shul.

Remember as well, we can spot here those root words part and confident that both end in a T, so we know it's our T-I-A-L spelling.

So which spelling is correct? The policeman held out an official document.

Think about the rules we've just looked at.

Think about the sounds before the shul.

Pause the video and have a think.

Great job, team.

So official, it's an i before the shul, so it is this one here, C-I-A-L spelling.

Also we've got that root word office here.

We've removed that E at the end and added our I-A-L suffix.

If the letters before the shul is ending in a vowel, then our C-I-A-L is usually used, remember.

What about this one here? There is a partial closure of the park today.

So part of it is closed.

Which spelling will it be? Great job, team.

So partial, there's an R before my shul, so it's a consonant, so know it's my T-I-A-L.

I also know this one 'cause there's that word part within it.

So here if the letter before the shul ending in a consonant, then it's our T-I-A-L spelling.

The influential politician made a speech.

Brilliant job.

So influence here is one of our linked words.

Hmm, be careful with that one though.

Influential.

Hmm? It's an N coming before my shul.

It's a consonant sound, so I know it's my T-I-A-L.

Our linked word here is influence, which ends in C-E, so we have to be careful here.

And remember our rule.

Is it a vowel letter or a consonant letter that's coming before the shul? If the letter before the shul ending in a consonant, our T-I-A-L spelling is usually used.

This is a crucial game for the team this season.

Which one is the correct spelling of crucial? Off you go.

Great job, team.

Crucial.

There's an oo before the shul.

It's a vowel sound, so I know it's my C-I-A-L.

That was our rule.

So for our practise task now what we are going to do is we are going to have a go at writing some words that contain that shul spelling.

Remember, it might be T-I-A-L or C-I-A-L.

Remember to sound it out.

Think of the root word if there's an obvious one.

Think of the rules you've looked at.

Is it a vowel or a consonant letter coming before the shul? And check the word and check, or read the word and check I should say.

So the first word is memorial.

Memorial.

So that doesn't have that shul in it, but it has that I-A-L, doesn't it? Memorial.

What's our linked word there? Confidential.

He was given a confidential document.

Three, artificial.

He used artificial intelligence to create a piece of art.

Four, essential.

Only bring what is essential for the trip.

And number five, special.

So I'll say those one more time for you.

Memorial, confidential, artificial, essential, special.

Pause the video.

Off you go.

Fantastic job, team.

I'm super impressed with the way you've applied the spelling rules that we've been looking at today.

This is quite tricky, isn't it, because they sound similar.

So memorial was our first one.

This is with our I-A-L suffix there.

Our root word is memory ending in a Y.

I remove the Y and add I-A-L.

Memorial.

Confidential was our next one.

Now there's a link to add here, confident, which does end in a T.

But even before that shul, we have that consonant letter N, so I know it's my T-I-A-L spelling, confidential.

The next word was artificial.

So ar-ti-fi-cial.

Oh, there's an i before my shul, so I know that it is going to be my C-I-A-L spelling 'cause there's a vowel sound coming before it.

Then we have essential.

Essential.

There's an N, n, coming before my shul, a consonant, so I know it's my T-I-A-L spelling.

And finally special.

Sp-eh-shul.

Oh, an eh before the shul, so it's E-C-I-A-L, special.

So you have memorial, confidential, artificial, essential, and special.

How did you do there? Share your learning and make any corrections now.

Off you go.

Great job, team.

Let's move on to our next learning cycle then, which is to practise and apply some spellings.

Let's read the following words.

These are some curriculum words that have some slightly tricky elements to them, so it's really important we learn how to confidently spell, read, and write them.

Cemetery.

That place where a person might be buried.

Cemetery.

And language.

She speaks many languages.

So we have cemetery and language here.

What do you notice about these spellings? Is there anything maybe tricky about them? Have a go at saying them again.

Have a listen out.

Compare how they're spelled to how they sound.

Off you go.

Excellent.

Well, I've noticed a couple of things.

In cemetery in particular has that soft C at the beginning.

And that E, which I've highlighted here, isn't clearly heard.

Cemetery.

And didn't say, "Ce-me-te-ry." Cemetery.

It's not very emphasised, and the ending is pronounced as a tree.

It's that R-Y making that ree sound there.

Cemetery.

It's very strange.

Remember, soft C and that E, don't forget it.

And language.

The U in language is almost as though it's silent.

And the A-G-E at the end sounds more like idge as in fridge, language.

Almost sounds like it has a W in it as well, so be careful.

The G is making a juh sound, a soft G.

Which of these are spelled correctly then? Point to the correct spelling of cemetery and language.

Off you go.

Great job, team.

So cemetery has that soft C and has that naughty letter, doesn't it, that E? Cemetery.

We don't really pronounce it.

We don't hear it very clearly.

It's not emphasised.

Watch out for it.

And language.

It has that word age in it, doesn't it? But it's making an idge sound, and that U is almost silent, language.

So when practising words that contain our shul, T-I-A-L or C-I-A-L, it can really help to sing, rap, clap to rhythm to help us remember them.

For instance, in-dus-tri-al.

Ar-ti-fi-cial.

Breaking the words down.

This helps us by breaking them down into smaller chunks and focusing on any tricky parts, like remembering which shul it is at the end.

In-dus-tri-al.

Ar-ti-fi-cial.

Try with one of these words now.

We have official, essential, and colonial.

Try clapping to a rhythm, rapping or singing them as you go to help break and chunk these spellings.

Oh, and there was one more there, confidential.

I'll have a go at that one with you.

Con-fi-den-tial.

Con-fi-den-tial.

Nice.

So with that in mind, and with the spellings that we've looked at so far today, I'm gonna give you a little test now on some words that end in that shul.

Remember to sound out the words.

Think of a root word if there's one.

Remember our spelling rules.

So which sound is coming before, a vowel or consonant, before the shul? And to read the words and check.

The first word is colonial.

So not a shul, but an I-A-L.

Colonial.

What was our linked root word there? Then we have official, so a word that does have that shul.

Facial, like a facial expression.

Essential and torrential, like torrential rain that's nonstop.

I'll say those one more time.

Colonial, official, facial, essential, torrential.

Pause the video and have a go at writing them now.

Excellent job, team.

Really careful consideration, particularly of the sounds of consonants or vowels coming before the shul.

The first wasn't a shul.

It was an I-A-L, colonial.

So our root word here is colony.

We're gonna remove the Y and add I-A-L.

Colonial, linking to a colony.

Official.

Be careful with this one.

Official.

O-fi-cial.

Oo, i, i.

Vowel sound before the shul.

Also the link to add here is office that ends in that C-E.

And that doesn't always help us, but it does in this instance.

It's C-I-A-L shul.

The next one was facial.

Our link to add here is face.

Fa-cial.

Oh, a vow sound before the shul, so it's our C-I-A-L.

Again like office, our root word is face ending in that C-E, so it's a link there in spelling and meaning.

Then we have essential.

E-ssen-tial.

N-shul.

Oh, it's a consonant letter before the shul, so we know it's our T-I-A-L spelling.

And finally torrential.

Our link to add here is torrent, like a torrent of water, ending in that T.

There's also the N before the shul, which is a constant letter, so we know it's our T-I-A-L spelling.

Great job, team.

How did you do? Share your learning and make any corrections now.

Off you go.

Well done today in spelling.

We've been spelling words with the suffixes C-I-A-L and T-I-A-L.

It's common to see a C or a T before the suffix I-A-L.

The shul suffix can be spelled C-I-A-L or T-I-A-L.

Words ending in a suffix C-I-A-L or T-I-A-L are generally adjectives, although sometimes nouns.

The suffix C-I-A-L is usually used after a vowel, remember.

These are the key rules.

And the suffix T-I-A-L is common after a consonant letter.

Great job in spelling today, team.

Keep up the great practise, and I'll see you again soon.