Lesson video

Hi, there.

I'm Mr. Moss.

I love spelling and I'm really looking forward to teaching you today.

With you today, you need to bring your thinking brains, your looking eyes, and your listening ears.

As well as that, something to write with and write on would also be really helpful, as well as having something or someone to talk to.

All right, let's waste no more time and get straight into today's spelling lesson.

In this lesson, we're going to be revising spelling patterns linked to etymology.

The outcome will be, I can spell words of French, Greek, and Latin origin.

Here are the key words for today's learning, my turn, your turn Etymology.

Etymology is the study of the origin of words and the ways their meaning have changed over time.

Origin.

The origin is the source or beginning of something like a place, time or history of a word or idea.

So we are going to be considering the journey on which words have been, their etymology, where they have come from, their origins.

And we're gonna be specifically looking at words that we use today in English that have their origins rooted in both French, Latin, and Greek.

So here is the outline for today's lesson.

We're going to be revising spelling patterns linked to the etymology.

We're gonna begin by spelling words with French etymology, and then we're going to spell words with Greek and Latin etymology before spelling some curriculum words.

So let's get on with spelling words with French etymology then.

So etymology is a branch of linguistics or the study of language that studies the origins, so where something's come from and history of words.

Modern English is a language that has roots in many other languages.

So we can see here, if our tree, if its branches is English the roots that have made this up are a variety of languages, from Hindi, Persian, Celtic, Norse, Germanic, Proto-Indo-European, and then those three languages that we are gonna concentrate on today, French, Latin, and Greek.

If we were to break English down or Modern English down, we would see that Latin, and French and Germanic were the biggest roots of English, currently in its current form.

And we can see about 6% being Greek as well.

Some are obviously other languages like the ones we've looked at just a moment ago.

And then many are proper names.

So there are many words in English language that are derived from other languages.

Tsunami comes from Japanese, algebra comes from Arabic, rucksack comes from German and jungle comes from Hindi.

Today, we are going to be focusing on words of French, Latin and Greek origin.

Listen to these words for me, chalet, chef, brioche, a type of bread, league, fatigue, tiredness, dialogue, a conversation, antique, unique, technique.

These are words of French origin.

So they're words that we use in Modern English that originate in the French language.

So some contain the sh sound spelt with a C-H, chalet, chef, brioche, have that sh sound, but spelt with that C-H.

You might expect it to make a ch sound, but it doesn't.

Some contain a g sound spelled G-U-E, league, fatigue, dialogue, and some contain a k or k sound spelled Q-U-E Antique, unique, technique will contain that k.

Let's find out more about some of the words that we've been looking at then, these words of French origin.

The word shop contains that S-H making that sh-sh sound.

It's a noun, meaning a building where things are sold and its origin is in Old English, but the words machine and chalet two of those example words that we're looking at today, contain that sh sound spelled C-H.

A machine is a device that does a physical task and its origin in Modern English is from French.

The word chalet is a wooden house found in the mountains.

You might often stay in one if you were to go on a mountaineering holiday or a ski holiday.

It's a noun.

And again, it contains that C-H making that sh sound.

The words containing the C-H spelling of the sh sound that phoneme, originate from the French language.

They're words of French origin.

So could you fill in the blanks for me in the following sentence? Read the sentence and then pick the two correct words from below.

Off you go.

Okay, good job team.

So words that contain the sh sound spelled C-H, often come from French.

So look at the following words, definitions and origins see where they've come from.

We have the words jog, fatigue, and league.

The word jog is a verb, to run at a slow pace or to give a little push.

It's origin, where it's come from, is Middle English.

Fatigue and league, you'll notice both contain that same G-U-E spelling for that sound at the end.

We can see, fatigue is the condition of being tired.

It links to that French word fatigue, meaning tired.

It is of French origin.

League, again, that G sound, that g sound spelled with G-U-E.

People join together for a common cause like a football league.

And again, its origin is in French.

The words containing that G-U-E spelling for that G sound, that g sound, often come from the French language.

The letters U and E are not pronounced and we don't clearly hear them when we say the word.

They are words of French origin, unlike the word jog, which we've looked at here, which is just a G spelling for that g or G sound, which is originated in Middle English.

So with that in mind, could you identify the French derived spellings? Read the words, look carefully at the spellings.

Off you go.

Great.

Slug.

Well, it contains that g sound, doesn't it? But it's spelled just with a G.

Perhaps, again, doesn't come from French, perhaps Middle English, like that word jog that we looked at earlier.

Fatigue, yes, I can see it has that G-U-E spelling.

So I know it's a word of French origin.

Jog was that word we looked at earlier.

It's just a G, we know it's not coming from French.

Vague though is French derived.

Something vague, it's not very clear.

So fatigue and vague with that G-U-E spelling for that g or G sound are words of French origin.

So the words containing the Q-U-E spelling, notice the U and the E, just like in our G-U-E spelling of that cake, k sound, often come from the French language as well.

Again, the letters U and E are not pronounced just like in our G-U-E spelling.

Instead we hear a hard k or K sound.

Let's look at two examples.

We have the words unique and mosque.

Unique is an adjective, being the only one of its type and its origin, you guessed it is in French.

Mosque is a Muslim place of worship.

So these are words of French origin.

Seeing a word in a sentence can help us to recognise the correct spelling as well.

So the directions were vague, so I didn't know where to go.

Either spelling would make phonetic sense, wouldn't it? But if we were to look at vague, the second one, with just that G at the end, and with that a-y digraph for that a sound, it doesn't look right, does it? So we know it's our French derived G-U-E spelling.

Muslims worship at the mosque.

If I look at both spellings here, again, both phonetically makes sense, but we can see here that it's gonna be our Q-U-E spelling.

Remember, we don't hear that U and that E, it's a French derived word.

So with that in mind, could you look carefully at the spellings here and identify the correct spelling of the word in each sentence for the highlighted words.

Read the sentences, see which ones you think look correct, consider the rules that we've been looking at today.

Off you go.

Brilliant.

The mirror in the hall was antique.

So it's that k-k that hard K sound there.

It's our Q-U-E.

Sam joined a new football league.

This one is a French origin, so it's G-U-E.

They flew down safely using a parachute.

So look carefully, it's that sh-sh, but with that C-H French derived spelling.

It just looks correct there, doesn't it? So remember our Q-U-E, G-U-E, and our C-H for that sh sound words are of French origin.

So let's have a go now at spelling some of the words that we've been looking at so far today.

Listen out for where the sh sound, the hard G or the hard K sound comes in the word.

Remember, we are looking at spelling words with French etymology.

So listen very carefully.

The first word is brochure.

I read a very informative brochure.

The second word is machine.

The third word is vague.

I was given vague directions.

Number four is unique, one of a kind.

And number five is fatigue.

I felt fatigue after running the race.

So I'll say those words again.

Brochure, machine, vague, unique fatigue.

Pause the video, have a go at writing those words.

Off you go.

Brilliant job, team.

I'm really impressed.

You've applied here those words of French etymology really, really well.

So brochure was the first word we're looking at.

Brochure.

Hear that sh-sh sound? I know that if it's of French origin, it's going to be that C-H spelling.

So B-R-O-C-H-U-R-E.

And it's that URE for that -ure at the end there.

The next word was machine.

Be careful with this word.

Again, machine.

Sh-sh.

I know it's of French origin, then it's going to be that C-H-I-N-E.

Brilliant.

Vague was the next one.

Vague.

So V-A and then g.

And we know if it's that hard G sound, and if it's of French origin, it's going to have those two unpronounced, U and E after the G.

Then we had unique.

Uni is linked to this U-N-I.

And then it's that unique.

So there's our K, a hard K.

So it's that Q-U-E.

And finally, fatigue.

Fatigue.

Be careful, it's F-A-T and then I-G-U-E.

And there's a link to add there in French.

Fatigue meaning tired.

Share your learning and check your spellings now.

So we've looked then, at words of French etymology.

Let's look now, at spelling words with Greek and Latin etymology.

So listen carefully to these words.

Science, scene, discipline, fascinate, crescent, ascend, descend, abscess.

Do you notice anything about these spellings? Pause the video, say them again and listen out carefully for sounds that are similar, and where those sounds are coming.

And the spellings, the graphemes that represent them.

Off you go.

Brilliant.

Well, they all contain the letters S-C, that are making a s sound, an S sound.

When this spelling is used, it is most often before an I or an E.

So science, scene, discipline, fascinate, crescent, ascend, descend and abscess all prove this.

Let's find out more about the words that we've been looking at.

So here we have the word scuffle, scene and abscess.

Scuffle does not follow the pattern that we are looking at in this lesson.

Scuffle, you can hear the S and the C, scuffle.

A short, disorganised fight or struggle.

It's a noun.

Its origin is in Scandinavian.

Remember what I told you earlier? English has roots in loads of different languages.

Scene is a place where an event takes place like a movie scene.

It is of Latin origin.

Abscess, again, with that S-C, making a s sound, a painful swelling containing puss.

A bit like a spot.

Again, has an origin in Latin.

So the words containing our S-C spelling, that letter string there, of that S sound, originate from Latin.

Latin was spoken by the Romans and is now studied, but not spoken.

So can you identify the Latin derived words, those words that contain that S-C spelling where it works together to make that S or s sound? Read the words carefully and listen.

Off you go.

Okay, let's see how you've done them.

The first one was scab.

Scab.

Oh, I can hear the S and the C separately there.

So that won't be Latin derived.

S-C here together.

S-C-E-N-E.

Well, we definitively know that this is Latin derived 'cause it's that S and C working together to create that S sound.

Scar.

Again, we can clearly hear that S and the C, they're not working together to make that sound, S, but abscess does work together.

It's that spot like filled with puss.

So we know scene and abscess are Latin derived spellings.

Listen to these words now.

Chemist, character, scheme, echo, phrase, phobia, telephone, symphony.

These words are all of Greek origin.

So we've looked at words of French origin, we've looked at words of Latin origin, now we're going to look at words of Greek origin.

Some contain that K or k sound spelt with a C-H.

Some contain the f- or F sound spelt with a P-H.

Let's find out more about the following words.

So fish, phobia, symphony, and phantom.

Well, there's one here that's the odd one out, which is the word fish, an animal that lives in water and has fins and gills.

Its origin is Germanic and it has that f spelling for that f or F sound.

But if we look at phobia, symphony, and phantom, they are all nouns, and they all contain this P-H spelling, which represents that F sound, similar to the F representing that F sound in fish.

A phobia is a strong fear or dislike of something.

A symphony is a musical piece of an orchestra, and a phantom is a ghost.

These words with that P-H representation for that F or f sound all originating from Greek.

The words containing the P-H spelling for the F or f sound then, originate from the Greek language.

Fill in the blanks in the following sentence.

Read the sentence, fill in the blanks.

Off you go.

Brilliant.

Words that contain the F or f sound spelled P-H And the K or k sound spelled CH, often come from Greek.

Can you identify the Greek derived spellings for me? Think about the representations and sounds that we've just been looking at.

Read the words carefully.

Off you go.

Great.

Fluffy.

Hmm, I have two Fs there, but it's being represented by an F spelling and a double F.

That's not going to be Greek derived, We've not learned that today.

But the word phobia, brilliant.

That P and that H working together to make that f or F sound is Greek derived.

Symphony.

Again, that P and that H working together to make that f or F sound.

They're both Greek derived.

Tough, with that O-U, grumpy hippo.

That makes a f as well.

But we haven't learned that that's Greek derived and it doesn't contain that PH.

So seeing a word in a sentence can help us to recognise the correct spelling.

The colour scheme was bold and bright.

Okay, so which one do we think is right here? It's that k, that hard K sound, isn't it? It's a Greek derived word.

S-C-H-E-M-E.

The other with that CK didn't look right.

We took a photograph and sent it to Dad.

Photograph here.

So at the beginning of the word that F or f sound, which spelling, will it be just an F or a P-H? The P-H looks right, doesn't it? So I know that that's a Greek derived word.

Can you identify the correct spelling of the words that are highlighted in each sentence? Read them carefully, consider which looks right, consider which sounds you hear and consider the Greek or Latin derived representations you might find there.

Off you go.

Brilliant.

Andeep has a phobia of snakes.

Well, the single F there, doesn't look right, so I know it's my P-H spelling, so it's Greek derived.

I shouted into the cave and an echo bounced back.

My C-K spelling there, doesn't look right either, does it? So I know it's gonna be my C-H, so it's Greek derived.

You must discipline your dog.

It's that s that S sound coming before my I so I know it's going to be that Latin derived there, S-C spelling for that s sound.

So we're gonna have a go now at spelling some of the words that we've been looking at today, are both Greek and Latin etymology.

Consider where that sound is coming, that S sound s, that F sound, f sound or that hard K sound is coming and which spelling might then be used.

The first word is fascinate.

Number two is scheme, like a colour scheme.

Number three is symphony.

The symphony orchestra played beautifully.

Number four is pharmacy.

I went to the pharmacy to collect my prescription.

And number five, phantom, a ghost.

So we have fascinate, scheme, symphony, pharmacy, phantom.

Pause the video now and have a go at writing these words.

Off you go.

Brilliant job.

This is quite tricky, isn't it? And these are some really interesting words.

We're looking at words today that are derived from both Greek and Latin.

So fascinate, let's have a look.

I've seen it written in these ways.

Fascinate.

Well, the first one could be right 'cause it's that, it's coming for the I and it could be our sc, that Latin-derived representation.

With an S, it just doesn't look right and C-S seems to be the wrong way round to me.

So it's gonna be this one here.

It's of Latin origin.

The next one was scheme, k, k.

I can hear that hard K there.

Hmm, which one looks correct here? Well, I think it's gonna be our C-H representation.

I don't think it needs two E's in the middle.

I think it might be E-M-E.

This is the correct spelling here.

It's of Greek origin.

Then, symphony.

Now, this has this strange y coming after the S at the beginning.

I know it sounds like an e.

So it's a Y representing an e sound, symphony.

So it's gonna have that P-H-O-N-Y, symphony.

Then we have pharmacy f, Again, if it's a Greek derived and we're looking for that P-H, pharmacy.

There we go.

And it's that Y at the end, making that ee sound.

Watch out for that.

And finally, phantom.

Phantom, like a ghost.

If we are looking at Greek derived words, our f or F sound is spelled P-H, phantom and it's O-M, phantom.

It can be hard to hear, but it's an M at the end there.

How did you do, team? Share you learning, make any corrections now.

Off you go.

Onto our final learning cycle then, which is spelling curriculum words.

Read the following words.

Interfere.

Do not interfere in my matters.

Don't get involved and get in the way.

Signature.

I signed the piece of paper with my signature.

So in these words I've noticed a couple of things.

You can hear the word fear and interfere, but it's really important to remember the spelling at the end of the word is F-E-R-E.

F-E-R-E for that fere.

It can be really difficult to hear the A in signature.

Signature.

It's not very clear.

I don't necessarily pronounce it signature.

You can see two smaller words, sign and nature in the word signature.

Swatting a word in a word is a really great strategy to help us remember how to spell things.

So we've just looked at two curriculum words.

Which of these words that we've just read are spelt correctly.

Point now to the correct spelling of interfere and signature.

Off you go.

Great job.

So interfere, inter-fere, and it's fere at the end, but not F-E-A-R like fear.

It's F-E-R-E.

Be careful too with the inter, the E-R.

The next word is signature.

Remember, there's the word sign and nature in signature.

Signature.

Saying it like it spelled can also help to remember that naughty A that's in the middle.

So because these are curriculum words, they're going to appear a great regularity and it's important we are confident with reading, writing, and spelling them.

So we're gonna look, cover, write, check, a really great independent strategy.

So if you look carefully at the word and consider what's difficult about it.

Well, in interfere, I know it's got that inter, which I clearly hear the E-R and then fere spelled F-E-R-E.

I put that into my memory and cover the word up.

And in my neatest handwriting, I have a go at writing it now.

There you go, interfere.

I then check back.

Yep, I managed to spell it correctly, but even though I got it right first time, I could use that look cover, write, check strategy a number of times to really look carefully at the spelling, cover it, write it, and then check.

Even if I keep getting it right, it's embedding it into my long-term memory.

Using my neatest handwriting as well will really help.

It'll make really good links to my hand and my brain, and support my muscle memory.

So I'd like for you now to use the look, cover, write, check strategy to practise interfere and signature.

Off you go.

Brilliant job, team.

So I'm hoping you've got something that looks like this.

Interfere and signature.

Did you manage to spell the words correctly? Check now, make any corrections.

We've been looking at some quite tricky words today that are rooted in or have origins in other languages.

This look, cover, write, check strategy would also really help you if you struggle with any of those spellings today.

It's a great independent strategy that allows you to practise and self-check.

So in spelling today, we've been revising spelling patterns linked to etymology.

Many words in the English language come from other languages.

In words of French origin, the letters C-H often makes a sh sound.

In words of French origin, the letters G-U-E often makes a hard G or g sound.

And the letters Q-U-E often make a hard K or k sound.

In words of Latin origin, the letters S-C often make an S or s sound.

In words of Greek origin, the letters C-H can make a hard K or k sound.

And the letters P-H can make an F or f sound.

Keep an art for these words in your reading.

Keep up the great spelling practise and I'll see you again soon.