Lesson video

Hi, I'm Mr. Buckingham, and I'm so glad you've decided to join me for today's lesson.

I'm really looking forward to teaching you all about tenses, and I hope that you find it as interesting as I do.

Let's get to work.

Today's lesson is called sentences in the simple, progressive, and perfect present, past, and future tenses from our unit called Three Tense Forms: Modality, Active Voice, and Passive Voice.

By the end of today's lesson, we'll be able to identify and use the simple, progressive, or perfect present, past, or future tense.

Now, being able to write in different tenses confidently is absolutely vital for us as writers because it allows us to be really precise about when action is happening in our writing.

So in this lesson, we're going to review three different types of tense, and we're going to see how we can avoid some common mistakes that we often make when we're writing in different tenses.

Let's make a start.

Here are our keywords for today's lesson.

My turn, your turn.

Verb, simple tense, progressive tense, perfect tense, and a slightly difficult one, auxiliary verb.

Once more, auxiliary verb.

Well done.

Now, a verb, as I'm sure you know, is a being, a doing, or a having word.

And a simple tense is a tense that does not use an auxiliary verb in addition to the main verb except in the future tense, and I'll show you that in a moment.

A progressive tense is a tense that denotes ongoing action and uses an auxiliary verb based on to be.

A perfect tense is made using an auxiliary verb based on the infinitive to have and a past tense form of the main verb.

And an auxiliary verb is the helping verb that's paired with the main verb in a clause.

So let's look at our lesson outline for today.

We're going to start off by identifying different tenses, and then we'll move on to using them and looking at some common mistakes we can try and fix.

So the verb in a sentence tells us the tense of the sentence, when the action is happening.

For instance, "When Jacob interrupted, Mr Martinez glared at him." We've got interrupted and glared.

Those are past tense verbs, so this sentence shows action happening in the past.

Then we've got, "The cemetery, which is very eerie, has high walls." Is and has show us action in the present.

It's happening now.

And then we've got, "Year 6 will enjoy the competition, but Year 5 will find it a bit hard." Will enjoy and will find show us action in the future.

It's yet to happen.

So in English, there are different types of past, present, and future tense, which we're going to talk about in detail in this lesson.

Some of them use auxiliary verbs that help the main verb by changing the tense and the meaning.

Let me show you one.

Here's a sentence, "I will find the truth." The main verb here is find.

That's the main thing that's happening, but it's being modified slightly by this auxiliary verb will.

To tell us this is going to happen in the future.

"I will find the truth." So we've got a main verb paired with an auxiliary verb.

One type of tense that we need to learn is a simple tense.

Here are some examples of sentences in the simple past, simple present, and simple future tense.

We could say, "I played basketball," in the simple past, we could say, "I play basketball," in the simple present, or, "I will play basketball," in the simple future.

We could say, "She knew the answer," in the simple past, "She knows the answer," in the simple present, or, "She'll know the answer," in the simple future.

And remember, she'll is the contracted form of she will.

So in the simple past and simple present tense, we use just one verb, knew and knows, in this case.

Notice how though in the simple future, we have an auxiliary verb as well as the main verb.

We have will play and will know.

So here are some more examples.

"Last night, I watched TV and my dad peeled the vegetables." That's the simple past tense.

We've got, "Most nights, I watch TV and my dad peels the vegetables." That's the simple present.

Notice how there's no auxiliary verbs there.

It's just the main verb showing us the tense.

And then, in the simple future, we'd say, "Tonight, I will watch TV and my dad will peel the vegetables." We've got the auxiliary verb will paired with our main verbs, watch and peel, to change the tense slightly.

So can you decide whether each of these sentences is written in the simple past, simple present, or simple future tense? And remember, if you see that auxiliary verb will, it must be the simple future tense because that's the only one of these three simple tenses that uses an auxiliary verb.

Pause the video and decide.

Okay, let's take a look.

In a, we've got the verbs walked and dropped.

Those are both happening in the simple past tense.

In b, we've got loves and visits.

That means loves now, so that must be simple present tense.

In c, I see some auxiliary verbs.

We've got will join and will join again.

What do you think for that one? You're right.

It's the simple future tense.

And then, for d, we've got stretched and pulled.

Those are both happening in the past.

Well done.

So that must be the simple past tense.

Great job.

Now, we've talked about simple tenses.

Another type of tense is a progressive tense.

So the progressive tenses help us to show actions that are ongoing over a period of time.

Here are some examples.

"My shoulder was aching." "His stomach is hurting." "A bruise will be forming." And here, we have a very special structure we need to follow when we're writing in the progressive tenses.

We form each of these progressive tenses using an auxiliary verb from the verb to be.

We call that to be the infinitive.

That's any form of a verb with to in front of it, to play, to eat, to love.

All of those are infinitives.

So we need an auxiliary verb from that infinitive verb to be along with the form of the main verb with an -ing suffix, the -ing form of the verb, playing, eating, loving.

So let's look at how that works in these examples.

We've got our auxiliary verb from the infinitive to be.

We've got was, is, and will be.

Those are all auxiliary verbs.

And there's loads more we could use, am, are, is, aren't, isn't, will be, won't be, was, were, weren't.

All of those are based on the infinitive to be, so they could all be used as auxiliary verbs in the progressive tenses.

But then we have to pair that auxiliary verb from the verb to be with the -ing form of the main verb, aching, hurting, forming.

Look how they've each got that -ing suffix at the end, and that is what tells us this is the progressive tense.

We've got the auxiliary verb and the -ing verb.

So can you take all of the sentences here which are in a progressive tense and explain how you know.

Remember you're looking for an auxiliary verb based on to be and the -ing form of the main verb.

Pause the video and see if you can spot the progressive tenses here.

Okay, let's take a look.

In a, we've got, "I love taking part in this competition." This is not in a progressive tense because we don't have an auxiliary verb based on to be.

We just have the verb taking.

We don't have in front of it an auxiliary verb based on to be.

So this is just the simple present tense.

In b, we have got a progressive tense.

We've got was as the auxiliary verb in front of that -ing verb, taking.

And then c is also a progressive tense because, again, we've got that auxiliary verb will be in front of the -ing form of the verb.

So we need both parts, the auxiliary verb based on to be and the -ing form of the main verb.

Really well done if you spotted those two.

So I wonder if you can find those auxiliary verbs based on to be and the -ing verbs they're paired with in each of these progressive tense sentences.

Pause the video and have a try.

Okay, let's have a look together.

In a, we've got are as the auxiliary verb and embarrassing as the -ing verb, the main verb.

For b, we've got will be as our auxiliary verb and searching.

We've got was and persuading, and we've got aren't and guaranteeing.

So notice aren't is a negative, but it's a contracted form of are not, and are is a auxiliary verb based on to be, so this is also an auxiliary verb, even though it's a negative.

Really well done if you managed to find all those.

So we can tell which progressive tense a sentence is using by looking at the auxiliary verb and not the main verb.

And what I mean here is we have a progressive past tense, a progressive present tense, and a progressive future tense, just like we had simple past, simple present, and simple future.

So we're gonna really zoom in on those auxiliary verbs to see which progressive tense are we looking at.

So let's look at this one.

"Aisha and Sam were listening to Miss O'Neill." "Lucas wasn't causing a nuisance." We've got were and wasn't as our auxiliary verbs.

Those are both in the past, so these must be the progressive past tense.

What about these two? "I am queuing outside." "It isn't occupying much space." Now, the main verb doesn't help us here, does it? Because they all just end in -ing.

We're looking in front of them at the auxiliary verbs.

We've got am and isn't.

Hmm, those are both in the present, so this must be the progressive present tense.

Well done.

Now, let's look at these two.

"Mr Martinez will be explaining the task." And, "I won't be allowing you to go outside today." So gonna look in front of that main verb for our auxiliary verbs.

We've got will be and won't be.

Now, won't be is a contracted form of will not be.

So these are both talking about the future, so these must be the progressive future tense.

So the main verb didn't help us at all.

We had to look at those auxiliary verbs to see if they're in the past, the present, or the future.

And that tells us if we're looking at the progressive past, progressive present, or progressive future.

So, can you decide whether each sentence is written in the progressive past, progressive present, or progressive future tense? Pause the video, look at those auxiliary verbs, and see if you can work it out.

Well done.

Let's take a look.

In a, we've got a progressive present sentence because we've got is as our auxiliary verb.

That's happening now.

For b, we've got a progressive past sentence with were as our auxiliary verb.

In c, we've got progressive future with will be as our auxiliary verbs.

And in d, we've got progressive past with wasn't as our auxiliary verbs.

And remember those -ing verbs need to be there to make the progressive tense, but they don't help us to work out if it's the past, the present, or the future because they'll always be in that -ing form.

Great job for working those out.

Now, we've talked about the simple tenses and the progressive tenses, and each of those had three types, a past, a present, and a future.

But we've got one more type of tense we need to talk about, and that is a perfect tense.

Now, the perfect tenses use forms of the infinitive to have, not to be, as their auxiliary verbs, followed by a past tense form of the main verb.

Let me show you.

"You have persuaded me at last!" "We had recognised the symbols immediately." "You will have discovered incredible things." "It had been a privilege to know him." So let's break those down.

We've got an auxiliary verb based on that verb to have.

We've got have, had, will have, and had.

So each of these is based on that verb to have.

And there are a few more we could use.

Have, has, had, will have, haven't, hasn't are all possible auxiliary verbs here because they're based on that verb to have.

And then we've got a particular past tense form of the main verb, and it's whichever one sounds right after the auxiliary verb.

So have persuaded, had recognised, will have discovered, had been.

Those are particular past tense forms of those main verbs that we just need to learn which one is the right one to use in the perfect tense.

So, which of these sentences are written in the perfect tense with an auxiliary verb based on to have? And remember, it will be paired with a past tense form of the main verb.

Pause the video and have a think.

Okay, let's have a look.

a is in the perfect tense.

It's got has and suggested.

b is not.

We have suggested but not a auxiliary verb in front of it.

For c, no, it's not a perfect tense.

We've got arrived as our main verb but no auxiliary verb in front.

But d, yes, it is in a perfect tense because we have had as our auxiliary verb and arrived as our past tense form of our main verb.

Great job for finding those two.

Let's try another one.

I wonder if you can find those auxiliary verbs based on to have and the past tense verbs in each of these perfect tense sentences.

Pause the video and have a try.

Okay, let's have a look together.

In a, it would be have and waited, in b, will have and gathered, in c, had and developed, and then, in d, has and told.

So we've got an auxiliary verb based on to have paired with a past tense form of our main verb.

Really well done for finding those.

Now, just like with our simple and progressive tenses, we have a perfect past tense, a perfect present tense, and a perfect future tense.

And we can tell which perfect tense a sentence is using, again, by looking at the auxiliary verb and not the main verb.

So we could say, "We had persuaded her to come." "She hadn't considered the issue." In each of these cases, we've got had and hadn't, a past tense auxiliary verb, so these are the perfect past tense.

Had and hadn't are both in the past.

Then we've got, "He has sacrificed everything." And, "We haven't identified anything." Has and haven't are both auxiliary verbs in the present tense, so this is the perfect present tense.

Then we could say, "You will have developed your skills." And, "They won't have bargained for this." Will and won't are both in the future, so those auxiliary verbs tell us this is the perfect future tense.

So, can you decide whether each sentence is written in the perfect past, perfect present, or perfect future tense by looking really carefully at those auxiliary verbs based on to have? Pause video and have a try.

Okay, let's take a look.

For a, we've got has as our auxiliary verb.

That's happening now, so that is the perfect present.

For b, we've got had as our auxiliary verb.

That's in the past, so this must be the perfect past.

For c, we've got will have.

That's the future, so we've got the perfect future.

And for d, we've got, "My neighbour has asked me." That is, again, in the present, so that would be the perfect present tense.

Amazing job if you've managed to get those.

Well done.

Now, we've got now three different types of tenses that we've learned about, simple tenses, progressive tenses, and perfect tenses.

So, how do we tell them apart? We can tell which type of tense we're looking at by focusing on those auxiliary verbs.

So we know in the simple tenses, we would have, "I queued," in the past, "I queue," in the present, the simple present, and, "I will queue," in the simple future.

In the progressive tenses, we would have in the progressive past, "I was queuing," in the progressive present, "I am queuing," and in the progressive future, "I will be queuing." And in the perfect tenses, we would have, "I had queued," in the perfect past, "I have queued," in the perfect present, and, "I will have queued," in the perfect future.

So let's really focus on how we can tell them apart now.

We can see all of these types of tense, simple, progressive, and perfect, use will as an auxiliary verb to show the future.

Will queue, will be queuing, will have queued.

So that doesn't really help us to tell which type of tense we're looking at, but when we see will, we know it's a type of future tense.

Now, the progressive tenses, as we learned, all use auxiliary verbs based on to be.

Was, am, and be are our auxiliary verbs here.

And the perfect tenses use auxiliary verbs based on to have.

So we've got had, have, and have.

Now, of course, there's another clue.

We know the progressive tenses all use the -ing form of the main verb, whereas the perfect tenses all use a past tense form of that main verb.

So, true or false? This sentence is in a perfect tense.

"We had lots of fun." Pause the video and see if you can have a think.

Okay, you're right.

Well done.

It is false.

Now, I wonder if you can choose the best justification here.

Pause the video and have a think which of these explains why, "We had lots of fun," is not a perfect tense sentence.

Good job.

It is b.

So in this sentence, we've got, "We had lots of fun," and had is a verb, but it's not an auxiliary verb in this sentence.

It's the main verb.

And the perfect tenses all use had as an auxiliary verb in addition to another main verb.

Really well done if you noticed that.

You're doing a great job.

So let's try another one.

What type of tense is shown by the highlighted verbs in these sentences? Is it simple, perfect, or progressive? Pause the video and see if you can work it out.

Okay, let's take a look.

In a, we've got, "had told us off." So had is a clue there.

It's an auxiliary verb.

It must be a perfect tense.

For b, we've just got one verb, so that must be the simple past tense, a simple tense.

For c, I can see was, an auxiliary verb based on to be, and telling, an -ing form of a verb, so this must be, well done, progressive.

And then will tell and is.

Hmm.

Well, is is just one verb, so that looks like simple.

Will tell though has two verbs.

Ah, but wait, the simple future tense uses the auxiliary verb will.

So these are both simple tense verbs.

Really well done if you've noticed those different types.

Great job.

So let's do our first task for this lesson.

I'm going to show you some different sentences, and I want you to decide whether the highlighted verbs are written in a simple, progressive, or perfect tense.

And what you'll see is, in these sentences, is that sometimes the same sentence can include verbs in different tenses.

It's something we do quite a lot when we write, and we'll talk more about that later in the lesson.

But for now, let's see if within each sentence, the highlighted verbs, you can tell me are they in a simple tense, write S, a progressive tense, you can write Pro, and a perfect tense, you can write Per above them, to see if you can annotate to identify those different types of tense.

Pause the video and have a try.

Okay, let's take a look.

Here are the sentences annotated correctly.

In a, we've got was being, a progressive tense, and gave, a simple tense.

For b, had eaten is in the, well done, perfect tense, and then we've got ran, a simple tense.

For c, will be playing, ooh, I see that -ing, and I've got be, an auxiliary verb based on to be, so that must be progressive, well done.

Enter is just one word.

It must be simple.

Has given, has is an auxiliary verb based on to have, so this must be a perfect tense.

And are struggling, we've got our auxiliary verb based on to be and the -ing form is progressive.

e, we've got nice easy ones.

Rises, just one verb.

It must be simple.

And will occupy is the simple future, isn't it? Well done.

Another simple one.

Had been, auxiliary verb, is based on to have, it must be perfect.

And then were drooping, hmm, -ing form, and were is based on to be, it must be progressive.

Really well done if you're starting to get a hang of working out how we find out which type of tense we're looking at.

Great job.

Okay, we've done a brilliant job of identifying the different types of tense.

We're now going to go on to looking at using these different tenses.

So within each type of tense, we can change the tense we're using by adding, removing, or changing the auxiliary verb.

So for instance, in the simple tense, we can go from, "I recognise him," in the simple present to, "I will recognise him," in the simple future by adding that auxiliary verb will.

In the progressive tense, we could go from, "She is interrupting," in the progressive present to, "She was interrupting," in the progressive past.

We've changed the auxiliary verb from is to was.

And in the perfect tenses, we could go from, "We had arrived," in the perfect past to, "We have arrived," in the perfect present.

Now, in the simple tenses, that main verb can change too.

For instance, "I recognise him," in the simple present changes to, "I recognised him," in the simple past.

That main verb has added that d at the end.

In the progressive and the perfect tenses, that doesn't happen.

The main verb always stays the same, and it's the auxiliary verb that changes, as we saw before.

So we could say, "She is interrupting, she was interrupting, and she," well done, "she will be interrupting." And then, in the perfect tenses, we would say, "We had arrived, we have arrived, and we will have arrived." So we've changed the auxiliary verbs there.

So just to remind you, in the progressive and the perfect tenses, that main verb doesn't change.

In the simple tense, it does sometimes change going from present to past.

So let's see if you can say the verb forms to complete the table using the different tenses shown.

And the first one has been done for you.

So in this table, we're going to go down the columns.

And I've done the simple tense.

I've done, "She queued by the door, she queues by the door, and she will queue by the door." So can you do the same for the progressive tense going down the column and for the perfect tense going down the column.

So you're going to start with, "He was developing his skills," for the progressive, and you'll start with, "She had taken my temperature," for the perfect.

Let's see if you can fill in those four boxes.

What should they say? Pause the video and have a try.

Okay, let's take a look.

We would say, "He was developing his skills," in the progressive past, "He is developing his skills," in the progressive present, and, "He will be developing his skills," in the progressive future.

Good job.

In the perfect tenses, we would say, "She had taken my temperature," then, well done, "She has taken my temperature," and finally, "She will have taken my temperature." So we've again changed the auxiliary verbs there to change the tense within those types of tense.

Great job.

Now, we've talked about how we change from past to present to future within each type of tense.

But what if we wanna change the type of tense that we're using? When we do that, we might have to change both the auxiliary verb and the main verb.

Let's look at some examples.

If we look at the simple past tense, we'd say, "I attached it." So the progressive past is, "I was attaching it," and the perfect past is, "I had attached it." Look how the main verb is sometimes different, attached, attaching, attached, and we've added and changed auxiliary verbs, was and had.

Let's look at some more.

"She achieves great things," the simple present tense, "She is achieving great things," the progressive present tense, and, "She has achieved great things," the perfect present tense.

So here, the main verb has changed, achieves, achieving, achieved, and we've added and changed auxiliary verbs, is achieving and has achieved.

What about the future? The simple future is, "I will arrive," the progressive future is, "I will be arriving," and then the perfect future is, "I will have arrived." So again, the main verb has changed, arrive, arriving, arrived, and the auxiliary verbs have changed from will to will be to will have.

So we always have to remember in those progressive tenses, we'll see the auxiliary verb based on to be, and in the perfect tenses, the auxiliary verb will be based on to have.

So let's see if you can say these verb forms now to complete the table using the different tenses I've shown you.

And I've done the first one for you.

And this time, we're going across the table.

So the different types of past tense are, "She queued by the door, she was queuing by the door, and she had queued by the door." Let's see if you can complete the four boxes going across the table to show the different types of present tense and the different types of future tense.

Pause the video and have a try.

Okay, let's take a look.

In the present tense, we would say, "He interferes with our game, he is interfering with our game, and he has interfered with our game." So the main verb has changed, interferes, interfering, interfered, and we've added and changed auxiliary verbs, is and has.

What about the future? "We will occupy this room for two weeks, we will be occupying this room for two weeks, and we will have occupied this room for two weeks." So our main verb has changed, occupy, occupying, occupied, and our auxiliary verbs have changed, will, will be, and will have.

Amazing job if you've managed to get those right.

Now, when we're writing, we often want to maintain the tense throughout a whole sentence.

That means to keep it the same.

For instance, we might write, "When we are aggressive, we receive a consequence." Are and receive are both in the simple present tense.

We might say, "Because you are being immature, we are going to lunch late." Those are both in the progressive present tense, are being, are going.

Or we could write, "I have given Aisha a thank-you card because she has helped me a lot." Both of those are in the perfect present tense.

So to maintain the correct tense, we do have to check the verb forms that we're using.

So let's look at this sentence.

It doesn't quite work.

Let's see if you can spot why.

I've written, "As Dad took my temperature, I am coughing and I have wiped my runny nose." Well, I started off with took there, a simple past tense verb, then I've said, "I am coughing," which is a progressive present tense, and then, "I have wiped," which is a perfect present tense.

So we've mixed up tenses there.

And sometimes we can do that, but here it doesn't work, does it? Instead, we would say, "As dad took my temperature, I coughed and I wiped my runny nose." That sentence works best when I have all three verbs in the simple past tense.

And we have to think, what sounds right in this situation, in this sentence? So I wonder if you can correct the mistake in the second verb, the one in green, to make sure the sentence makes sense here.

Pause the video and have a try.

Okay, let's have a look.

We would say for a, "When we visit our neighbours, they always," well done, "give us a drink and something to eat.

For b, we say, "My stomach, which churned terribly, felt as if it was full of butterflies." Look how that's matched with churned.

So churned is simple past, so we've had to make this simple past with felt.

What about for c? We've said, "As we entered Parliament, we gasped at the beautiful architecture." "As we entered," with the simple past, so we've changed will gasp, the simple future, to gasped, the simple past as well.

So we have to change the verb form to make it work in these sentences.

So we've talked about how we often want to try and maintain the same tense throughout a sentence, but we don't always do that.

We don't always maintain the same tense throughout a sentence.

Here's an example where maintaining the same tense doesn't work.

"We will be watching while you will be performing." That doesn't sound right, does it? We've got both our verbs, will be watching and will be performing, in the progressive future tense, but it doesn't sound right.

Instead, we should write, "We will be watching while you are performing." And this works.

And what we've done is we've changed the second verb to the progressive present tense.

We've said, "We will be watching while you are performing." And that works.

And sometimes we can tell that a verb needs to be written in a different tense because it just sounds wrong.

So this doesn't sound right.

"Since January, I tried to interrupt less." That is the simple past tense, and it doesn't work there.

Instead, we should write, "Since January, I have tried to interrupt less." And I bet you spotted that auxiliary verb have.

This is the perfect present tense, and it sounds so much better in this context when we've got that fronted adverbial, since January, introducing this idea.

Now, we have to think carefully about which tense to use when we write in order to maintain the sense of a sentence.

That means to keep it making sense.

So let's look at some examples.

Here's a sentence, and can you see in brackets, I've got an infinitive there, the verb to learn? And we're going to try and choose the right form of that verb to fill the gap.

"Since he arrived here, Alex," blank, "the language so quickly!" Now, I can see at the start of that sentence, we got arrived, a simple past tense verb.

So let's look at some options we could use based on the infinitive to learn to fill our gap.

Could we say, "Since he arrived here, Alex learned the language so quickly!" That should be right because that's a simple past tense.

But it's not.

Let's try another one.

"Since he arrived here, Alex has been learning the language so quickly!" That one works.

What about this one? "Since he arrived here, Alex has learned the language so quickly!" That works, too.

So either of those, has been learning or has learned, would fit in our gap.

But the simple past tense verb learned does not work in that situation.

So we've got to think which one maintains the sense.

And we need to think which sounds right in our sentence.

That's the best test for us to know which verb form to use is which one sounds right.

So let's try another one.

"Whenever you," to need, "help, I will be there for you." Now, there's loads of options we could have here.

We've got a simple future tense verb at the end of the sentence here, so let's see if that works at the start.

"Whenever you needed help, I will be there for you." Hmm, that doesn't work.

"Whenever you have needed help, I will be there for you." Also doesn't work.

"Whenever you are needing help, I will be there for you." Hmm, it's close but not quite.

The best one is, "Whenever you need help, I will be there for you." That's just in the simple present tense, and that's the best option in this sentence.

So you've got to think which one will sound right to match up with the other verbs we have.

So, can you choose an appropriate verb form to complete the gap in each sentence, using the verb in brackets to help you? And again, these are infinitives, to play, to be, to live, and to wait.

So, which verb form will work based on the other verbs you see in the sentence? Pause the video and have a go.

Okay, let's take a look.

For a, we could say, "The team, which was playing well, desperately wanted to win." Or we could say, "The team, which had played well, desperately wanted to win." For b, we could say, "I have eaten lots of vegetables ever since I," well done, "was a baby," is the best one there.

For c, we could say, "My brother, who lived here for years, knows all the good restaurants." Or you might have chosen, "has lived here for years, knows all the good restaurants." Both of those would work.

And for d, we could say, "My mum, who was waiting for us in the playground, tapped her foot impatiently." Again, we've got to think what sounds right based on the other verbs we've got in our sentence.

Great job.

So let's do our final task for this lesson.

I'm going to show you some sentences with a mistake highlighted in green.

I want you to correct the mistake in each sentence by using a more appropriate verb form in a different tense.

And there might be several correct answers.

Here are the sentences with the mistakes highlighted in green.

Read the sentence and decide which verb form in a different tense would work better instead of the verb form I've shown in green.

Pause the video and see if you can correct these errors.

Okay, let's take a look.

Now, I'm going to show you some possible answers.

You might need to check with an adult about your choice because, as we've said before, there might be different options that work in these gaps.

So I could say, "Mr Martinez has given me lots of help whenever I've needed it." I could say, "Sam is giving a clear explanation as we are listening to her." For c, I could say, "The temperature, which had risen a lot, was approaching 35 degrees." I could say, "My sister is taking every opportunity she has to improve." I could say, "I have appreciated my mum a lot more since she went on holiday." And I could say, "The soldier will put down his weapons when the war ends." Finally, we could say, "When we saw the familiar street, we all relaxed instantly." So I've chosen a verb form that works with the other verbs in the sentence.

There might be other options that work too, so make sure you check your choices with an adult.

Really good job.

Now, let's summarise our learning in this lesson.

We've achieved an awful lot.

We've learned that the tense of a sentence tells us when the action took place, and we can tell that tense by looking at the verbs.

We've learned that there are three main types of tense, the simple, the progressive, and the perfect, and these are formed in different ways using different auxiliary verbs or no auxiliary verb.

Within each type of tense, we can talk about the past, the present, or the future.

And we often maintain the tense in sentences, but sometimes, verbs in a sentence have a different tense in order to maintain the sense.

You've done a great job to reach the end of this lesson, and we've done some fantastic work, and I'd love to see you again in a future lesson.

Well done and goodbye.