Lesson video

Hello everyone, and welcome to this lesson on analysing and comparing language techniques in non-fiction writing.

My name's Dr.

Clayton, and I'm going to guide you through your learning journey toDay.

So toDay's lesson is all about considering how we can compare analysis of text.

So thinking not only about how the rights have created different effects through their craft, but also how we can express that in a written in comparison.

So if you're ready, grab your pen, laptop, whatever using for this lesson and let's get started.

So by the end of the lesson you'll be able to analyse and compare the use of adjectives listing on a matter pair for effect and nonfiction texts.

So we have five words toDay we're gonna focus on as our keywords they've identified in bold throughout the learning material.

And I try to point my are succeeded being used in context.

So our first keyword is juxtaposition, which means the fact of two things being seen or placed close together with contrasting effect.

So an example might be you're making a mountain out of a molehill.

We are putting the contrasting size of mountain and a molehill together to indicate as someone's making a problem bigger than it needs to be, we're going to consider how they use juxtaposition in her work to lessen the effect of some of her adjectives.

Our second keyword is overwhelm, which means to overpower the thoughts, emotions, or senses, and we're going to consider how Dickens creates this overwhelming sensation through the use of techniques.

Our third keyword is semantic field, which means a group of words or phrases with a related meaning.

So for example, a writer might use a semantic field of words such as calm, tranquil, and gentle, not to create a relaxing atmosphere.

Our fourth keyword is on onomatopoeia, which means words imitate the natural sound associated with their meaning.

So common examples might be bang or pop as when we say those words, we hear them in our heads.

So when a writer use them, it makes an atmosphere more immersive because it feels if you can hear the sounds and our final key words, cacophonous, which means having unpleasant mixture of sounds.

So for example, it might be a mixture of harsh sounds or competing sounds, which creates an unsettling or negative atmosphere.

With these last three keywords, we're going to consider how Day and Dickens use them for effect, but also how they're using the techniques differently.

So I'll just give you a moment to write down those keywords and their definitions.

So pause the video, write them down now.

Fantastic.

Let's go start with the lesson.

So we have two learning cycles in our lesson Day for our first learning cycle, we're going to consider how Day and Dickens present the events they're attending through their use of language devices.

We're gonna analyse the effect on the reader, for our second learning cycle, we're going to consider how you construct a written comparison of how Day and Dickens have presented the events.

So let's take a moment to consider the why question of what we're doing.

I always think it's important to really ask yourself why you're doing something before you do it, because I have to complete the task more effectively because you understand its purpose.

So toDay we're gonna be analysing, comparing two nonfiction texts and how the rights have used language devices.

What I'd like you to start off by thinking about is why do you think it's important to analyse and compare language techniques in nonfiction texts? So nonfiction texts designed to inform, persuade or educate.

Why might it important to analyse them? Now if went through someone else who might talk about ideas with them, if I this by yourself might just think about ideas.

So pause the video, take a few moments to consider.

Welcome back everyone, some great discussions there.

Now as Laura says, the fact that nonfiction writing is designed to inform, persuade to educate means we want to analyse and and consider what effect the writer's trying to have on the reader.

So what are they trying to persuade us of? How are they trying to educate us? And as Sophia says, comparing the methods helps to understand the writer's craft and how it relates to meaning.

So how have the writers created different effect using the same technique for example, this will help you in your own writing when you are thinking about what effect you want to have on the reader.

So we're going to be looking at how events are portrayed in Day's "Are we having fun yet?" And Dickens' "Greenwich Fair," you'll find copies of the text in the additional materials.

So what I'd like you to do is read the text, consider how the writers portray the events featured in the text.

So how does Day portray Glastonbury and how does Dickens portray Greenwich Fair, pause the video, take a few minutes to consider.

Welcome back everyone.

It was great to hear people noting they had very different feelings from the articles.

Couldn't analyse how the rights have done that throughout the lesson.

As Sophia says, I think Day presents Glastonbury is slightly bizarre yet calm.

While Dickens present Greenwich Fair as chaotic yet one of overwhelming excitement.

The overwhelming is one of our keywords means to overpower the thoughts, emotions, or senses.

So Dickens' articles quite overpower of the senses and again, we're going to consider how he creates this effect throughout the lesson.

Now, whenever I approach a comparison, I like to think about the similarities first, then consider what the subtle differences are within those similarities.

So arguably both writers present events is busy through the word crammed.

So quote of Day's article is the characters are crammed with well-spoken degree students sipping Pimms and making polite chit-chat.

For Dickens, we have all crammed with people, roll along at their utmost speed.

The dust flies in clouds, ginger-beer corks go off in valleys, the balcony of every public-house is crowded.

So what I'd like you to think about is how the writers created different effects on the reader through different language techniques, even though they're both describing crowds with the same word.

Pause the video, take a few moments to consider.

Welcome back everyone.

Let's talk through what you might have said.

So when Day says the characters are crammed with well-spoken degree students sipping Pimms and making polite chit-chat, she's juxtaposing the business just by crammed with a controlled small gesture of sipping which lessens psychotic nature.

Now juxtaposition is one of our keywords.

It means placing two contrasting things near to each other.

So be using a contrasting image being busy, Day dampens the effect so the reader doesn't come away from the sentence with a sense the trains were busy and crowded.

On the other hand, Dickens use a semantic field of chaos to do speed, flies and crowded to really enhance the sense of business from crammed.

So he is adding to the effect by adding words with a similar related meaning to really emphasise the idea of busy chaos to the reader.

Now for quick check for understanding.

So I'd like you to tell me whether the following statement is true or false.

So is it true or false that both writers create the same sense of business through the word crammed? Pause the video, select your answer now.

Now the correct answer is false.

Now like to tell me why it's false.

So how do they create different effects? Pause the video, take a few moments to consider.

Welcome back everyone.

You might have said the Day juxtaposed the busy sensation of crammed with sipping to lessen the effect while Dickens enhances a sense of busy chaos through a semantic field.

So very well done if you've got those right.

So now we have this idea that Dickens creates a sense of chaotic business at the start of the text through the semantic field of chaos.

I'd like to think about how else he creates the same effect.

So pause the video, take a few moments to consider.

Welcome back everyone.

Let's consider what you might have said.

So you might have said uses listing.

So for example, cabs, hackney-coaches, shay carts, coal waggons, stage omnibuses and donkey-chaises.

You also might have said he's on onomatopoeic verbs.

So for example, the ring of the bells, the bellowing of the speaking trumpets, the squeaking of the penny dittos.

Now onomatopoeia pair is one of our keywords.

It means words imitate the natural sound associated with their meaning.

So when you say bellowing for example, you can almost hear the noise in your head because the word imitates the sound.

So now I'd like to think about the effect of those techniques.

How do they create a sense of busyness? Pause the video, take a few moments to consider.

Welcome back everyone.

Some great discussions there.

In terms of listing, you might have said, it feels if you're rushing when you're saying them aloud because you're being moved from one item to another really quickly, it really creates a sense of chaos to have all of these modes of transport, for example, listed one after the other and creates this feeling of being overwhelmed both physically to reading this, but also in trying to picture the image in terms of onomatopoeia because the words imitate the sound they cause to feel immersed in the scene because we feel as we can hear the sounds, it transports us there.

But the examples of Dickens uses with the ringing, the bellowing, the squeaking create this clashing sound that we can hear.

It creates this chaotic impression.

So a harsh, unpleasant impression of competing sounds all happening at once.

So now let's think about how we might consider how those techniques of listing onomatopoeia to Day's article.

So what I'd like you to consider is whether Day uses listing in an article, how does that affect compared to Dickens' use of listing? Pause the video, take a few moments to consider.

Welcome back everyone.

You might have noticed that Day doesn't use listing in her article.

It creates a calmer sensation.

The area doesn't feel as overwhelmed.

I think that's a crucial point about comparing methods.

You can compare the absence of a method just as well as the presence of one.

So why has one writer chosen to use it while another hasn't, here Day hasn't chosen to use listing 'cause she wants to create this calm rather than chaotic atmosphere.

Now let's consider the use of sound in Day's article.

So we might consider quotation, fancy dress, rock and roll dancers and a constant stream of Elvis songs.

What I'd like you to think about is how does Day's use of sound create a calm sensation? Pause the video, take a few moments to consider.

Welcome back everyone.

Let's talk through what you might've said.

So she might've thought the lack of onomatopoeia means we feel less immersed and less overwhelmed while Day has reference sounds.

She hasn't used words that imitate the sound.

Therefore we don't feel as transported in the scene as we did with Dickens.

They also describe the sounds as stream.

She might interpret as having gentle calming connotations 'cause the stream is a small flow of water that doesn't have a lot of power or generate a lot of noise.

You also might have noticed the Day description of sounds of Elvis songs.

So rather than the competing sounds of Dickens' article, we have description of music from a singular artist which goes a harmonious rather than cacophonous atmosphere.

So now for a quick check for understanding, which of the following statements about the use of onomatopoeia are true is A, Dickens uses onomatopoeia words such ringing and squeaking create a calm atmosphere.

B, Day's lack of onomatopoeia depicts the Glastonbury atmosphere as calmer than the atmosphere at Greenwich Fair or C, Dickens, use on verbs such as ringing and squeaking creates an overwhelming atmosphere.

So pause the video, make your selections now, the correct answers are B and C, Day does create a calmer atmosphere through the lack of on pair while Dickens's use on verbs is ringing, squeaking do create an overwhelming atmosphere.

So very well done if you've got those right, amazing work so far, everyone for the first task of the lesson.

Now in our second learning cycle we're going to think about how we can construct a written comparison of our analysis.

So what I'd like you to do now in order to help you with that's complete the table to make notes on the use of language techniques and their effect in Day and Dickens' text.

So we have our three techniques, the use of busy adjectives such as crammed, the use of listing and the use of onomatopoeia.

I'd like to show how the writer used those techniques for effect.

So pause the video, make your notes now welcome back everyone.

Let's talk through it might have said.

In terms of the use of crammed, we said that Dickens enhances chaotic effect by using a semantic field of chaos through related words of crammed and speed.

While Day, less than the chaotic effect by juxtaposing crammed with a soft emotion of sipping.

We said that Dickens use listing not to make the reader feel overwhelmed and rushed while Day's lack of listing creates a calmer atmosphere.

In terms of onomatopoeia, we said that Dickens use onomatopoeic verbs and create the sense of immersion.

The specific sense of competing sounds creates a cacophonous atmosphere while Day chose not to use onomatopoeia and therefore this creates a less overwhelming atmosphere which enhance the description of sounds as a stream which creates a soft, calm sensation, amazing work everyone for our second learning cycle.

But we're going to consider how we can turn our notes into a written comparative analysis.

So now that we have our notes, we're going to think about how we can turn them into a comparative paragraph.

We want to open a comparative paragraph with a comparative topic sentence.

Now topic sense, the opening sentence.

They introduce the main focus of your paragraph and this is the comparative paragraph.

Want to compare overall idea about the text within it.

So to do that we might use correlative in comparative conjunctions.

Now, comparative conjunction words, link ideas and show whether they're similar or different.

So you might use however, contrastingly on the other hand, or as, show a different idea, you might similar or likewise show a similar idea.

You also might use tic conjunctions, which are pairs of words that connect your ideas together.

So you might use pairs that just both and neither nor either or whether or not only, but also.

So let's talk to some examples of how you might use those conjunctions to form a comparative topic sentence.

So example one, both Dickens and Day comment on the business of their respective events through the use of crammed in both texts.

So here we have used the by both and to show similarity between the texts and they both use the word crammed.

Example two, Dickens uses listing to create a chaotic atmosphere, whereas Day does not use listing as a means of illustrating a calmer sensation.

So here we've used the comparative conjunction whereas to show the difference between the text.

So now we have a couple of examples.

I'd like you to practise creating a topic sentence by considering what comparative topic sentence you could construct around these onomatopoeic Dickens and Days texts.

Pause a video, take a few moments to consider.

Welcome back everyone now, one way you might have constructed this comparative topic sentence is to say that Dickens use onomatopoeic verbs to create a cacophonous atmosphere.

However Day uses gentle harmonious sounds to depict a calmer tone.

So here we use the comparative, however show a difference between the text and the use of onomatopoeia.

So now for a quick check for understanding.

So which of the following sentences use correlative conjunctions? Is it A, Dickens use onomatopoeia as writing but Day does not? B, not only does Day not use listing as Dickens does, but she also avoids use for onomatopoeia as well, or C, Day's juxtaposition to lessen a chaotic effective crammed.

So pause the video, make your selection now.

Now the correct answer is B, since he use the pair, not only and but also to show that Day doesn't use either of those techniques.

So very well done if you got that right.

So now we consider the comparative topic sentence.

Let's think about the body of the paragraph.

So when comparing methods, you want to ensure you're focusing on what effect the writers create through the use of methods.

So don't just state which methods they use and which they don't make sure you're really focusing comparing how they've used those effects.

You also want to focus on subtle differences within similarities.

So both writers may have used the same technique, but it's neither be used to create a different effect.

So here's an example of a written comparison of methods.

Both writers use the word crammed, which has connotations of busyness.

However, then Dickens goes on to use listing onomatopoeia, while Day doesn't use either of those techniques.

What I'd like you to do is tell me how that could be improved.

So pause the video, take a few moments to consider.

Welcome back everyone.

Let's talk through what you might have said.

So you might have noticed it doesn't consider subtle differences in crammed.

We know that both writers use the word but the great different effects through it.

So we need to be mindful of that and make sure we explore the differences that Day's juxtaposition and Dickens' semantic feel creates.

It also doesn't consider the effect on the reader.

You always want to bring your analysis back to the reader and how the writer's craft might affect them.

Now for a quick check for understanding, what I'd like you to do is something which comparison of the use of listing is more effective.

So Laura said by writing cabs, hackney-coaches, shay carts, coal waggons, stages, omnibus, donkey-chaises, Dickens list, the overwhelming amount of transportation coming to the fair.

However, Dave does not list any of the transportation.

And Sophia said by using listing throughout his writing, Dickens creates an overwhelming atmosphere.

In contrast, Day's lack of listing illustrates a slower pace, therefore the reader feels more relaxed.

So pause the video, take a few moments to consider.

Welcome back everyone.

Now Laura has made a comparison and that Dickens uses listing whereas Day does not however Sophia's answer really focused on the effect that this listing has on the reader and therefore it's the more effective comparison.

So very well done if you've got that right, amazing work everyone but the final task of the lesson.

But we're going to bring everything together.

So what I'd like you to do is use the following single paragraph outline to write a comparative paragraph on Day and Dickens' use of sound.

So you might open with a topic sentence, Dickens used onomatopoeic verbs to create a cacophonous atmosphere.

However Days' gentle, harmonious sounds to depict a calmer tone.

So reader immediately knows we're focusing on onomatopoeia and the reader's aware of the difference in effects.

Then you might as a following, supporting details.

So Dickies for onomatopoeic words, ringing, bellowing squeaking creates an overwhelming immersive atmosphere.

These words also create the sense of clashing sounds you might see as cacophonous and adding the sense of being overwhelmed on the other hand Day's stream, describe the sound and creates a gentle, calm atmosphere.

And I've referenced Elvis's songs creates the impression of a consistent, harmonious sound which enhances calm sensation.

Then you might use a concluding sentence by using clashing of onomatopoeic sounds Dickens creates an overwhelming sensation of being immersed.

That's called cacophonous atmosphere.

While Day choose to avoid the use of onomatopoeic and cacophony in order to demonstrate the quieter, more controlled atmosphere Glastonbury, to really bring it back to the rights intentions.

So pause the video and write your paragraph now.

Welcome back, everyone's fantastic work there.

What I'd like you to do is read this snippet from Izzy's answer and then give Izzy a what went well and an even better.

If so, Izzy wrote Dickens uses onomatopoeic verbs ringing, bellowing, squeaking creates an immersive atmosphere, says the reader feels if they too can hear the sounds of the fair.

Furthermore, the discordant nature of sounds creates a cacophonous chaotic atmosphere Day avoids the use of onomatopoeia and uses diminutive stream, not to evoke a calm, peaceful atmosphere.

So pause the video, give Izzy a what well, an even better.

Welcome back everyone, now for what went well.

You might have said Izzy has commented on the effect of the methods.

However, for even better if you might have said that Izzy hasn't used comparative conjunctions to compare the use of sound.

So while Izzy has effectively explained the effect of techniques, the moment it's not a comparative paragraph 'cause it is exist in isolation.

So how can we rewrite Izzy's answer to use comparative conjunctions? Pause a video, take a few moments to consider.

Welcome back everyone that we might rewrite it to.

Dickens use onomatopoeic verbs ringing, bellowing, squeaking, creates an immersive atmosphere, says a reader feels if they too can hear the sounds the fair.

Furthermore, the discordant nature of the sounds creates cacophonous chaotic atmosphere.

Contrastingly Day avoids use onomatopoeia and uses the diminutive stream not to evoke a calm, peaceful atmosphere.

So now we've used comparative conjunction contrastingly to link the comparisons together, show that Day is doing something different to Dickens.

Finally, I'd like to look back over your own work and check that you've used comparative conjunctions.

So pause the video, look back over your work now, welcome back everyone.

It was great to see people editing their work as you always want to go back and see how you can enhance and improve your work once you finished.

You all did amazingly well.

Everyone here's a summary of what we covered.

Analysing methods really helps us to consider the effect the writers trying to have on the reader.

Comparing the methods used by writers helps to understand the writer's craft and how it relates to meaning.

Both Dickens and Day use crammed however Day uses juxtaposition to lessen the chaotic atmosphere.

Dickens's the other hand, enhances overwhelming atmosphere through listing onomatopoeia, Day creates a calmer atmosphere by avoiding use of listing and onomatopoeia.

I really hope you enjoyed the lesson everyone and hope you can take some of those ideas around why it's important to compare writers' use of language techniques and how to construct a written comparison and use 'em in your future work.

Try to keep in mind the importance of analysing non-fiction texts.

So when you're reading something that's trying to inform, persuade, or educate you about something, look out for those language techniques and really think about why they're trying to inform, persuade, or educate you about that subject.

I hope to see you for another lesson soon, good-bye.