Hello, everyone.

It's lovely to see you here today.

My name's Dr.

Clayton, and I'm going to guide you through your learning journey today.

Today's lesson is called "Lord Capulet's honour and violence in Act Three, Scene Five of 'Romeo and Juliet.

' " We're going to be looking at Lord Capulet's response to Juliet's refusal to marry Count Paris and how it might be linked to ideas of male honour and violence.

So if you're ready, grab your pen, laptop, whatever you're using for this lesson, and let's get started.

So by the end of the lesson, you'll be able to explain Lord Capulet's language around honour and violence in Act Three, Scene Five of "Romeo and Juliet." So we have three words today we're going to be using as our keywords.

They'll be identified in bold throughout the learning material.

And I'll try to point them out to you as well so you can see them used in context.

So our first keyword is patriarchal, which means relating to or denoting a system or society or government controlled by men.

We're going to be thinking about what Lord Capulet's response reveals about the realities of patriarchal society.

Our second keyword is disobedience, which means failure or refusal to obey rules or someone in authority.

And our third keyword is dishonourable, which means to bring shame or disgrace on someone or something.

We're going to be thinking about how Lord Capulet connects the concepts of disobedience and dishonour and what it might mean for women and how they're expected to behave in a patriarchal society.

So, I'll just give you a moment to write down those keywords and their definitions.

So pause the video.

Write them down now.

Fantastic.

Let's get started with the lesson.

So we have two learning cycles in our lesson today.

For our first learning cycle, we're going to be thinking about how Shakespeare presents Lord Capulet's views on honour, and what it suggests about family and honour in a patriarchal society.

For our second learning cycle, we're going to be thinking about how Shakespeare presents Lord Capulet's violence towards Juliet and what it might reveal about the realities of being a woman in a patriarchal society.

So, we're focusing on Act Three, Scene Five in our lesson today.

So let's begin with a short summary of the scene to contextualise what's happening before we move on to Lord Capulet's language.

So, prior to this scene, we have Tybalt's death in Act Three, Scene One, and Romeo subsequently banished because of this.

So, Romeo and Juliet meet for the last time.

They know that Romeo cannot be seen in Verona again so they spend the night together.

Lady Capulet visits Juliet to inform her that father has arranged for her to marry Count Paris.

Now, Juliet's been understandably distraught of the thought of Romeo being banished, but her family believes she's in mourning for Tybalt.

So they believe that arranging a marriage for her will bring her some joy.

Juliet, since she's already married to Romeo, refuses to marry Paris.

Now the only people in the play who know about the marriage so far are the Nurse and Friar Lawrence.

But for Juliet to marry again would be a sin.

Lord Capulet violently threatens Juliet due to her refusal.

Lady Capulet refuses to intervene for Juliet.

The Nurse advises Juliet to marry Paris.

Juliet ends the scene by saying she's going to Friar Lawrence to beg forgiveness for displeasing her father.

So, let's think about Lord Capulet's language.

When speaking of Juliet's refusal, Lord Capulet calls her a "disobedient wretch." Now, disobedience is one of our keywords.

It means failure or refusal to obey rules or someone in authority.

So here, Lord Capulet suggests that Juliet is dishonourable, as a wretch is someone despicable, someone deserving of hatred and contempt.

So, what I'd like you to think about is the fact it's specifically Juliet's disobedience that's making her dishonourable.

So it's her failure to obey Lord Capulet that makes her behaviour shameful.

So what does this suggest about women in a patriarchal society? Pause the video.

Take a few moments to think about it.

Welcome back, everyone.

Some great ideas there.

Now, if a woman is dishonourable when she's being disobedient, it follows she's being honourable when she's obedient, which might suggest that a woman's value and morality comes from their obedience to their family, specifically their fathers.

So now for a quick check for understanding.

What I'd like you to do is tell me whether the following statement is true or false.

So is it true or false? That Lord Capulet's words imply women's obedience was important in a patriarchal society.

Pause the video.

Take a few moments to think about it.

The correct answer is true.

Now I'd like you to tell me why it is true.

So pause the video.

Take a few moments to think about it.

Welcome back, everyone.

You might have said that Lord Capulet suggests that Juliet is dishonourable because she is disobedient.

So very well done if you got those right.

Now, specifically, Lord Capulet highlights, "Day, night, hour, tide, time, work, play, alone, in company, still my care hath been to have her matched." So he's saying he's put a lot of effort into creating this marriage for Juliet.

So what I'd like you to think about is how might this link to the idea of dishonour? How does it make Juliet's refusal shameful? Pause the video.

Take a few moments to think about it.

Welcome back, everyone.

Some great ideas there.

As Izzy says, "I think it suggests that Lord Capulet feels as if Juliet has dishonoured him because he's spent time and effort in making the match between her and Paris." So her behaviour is shameful because she's wasted his time implies his time is precious and she should respect it.

Now, throughout the scene, Lord Capulet emphasises the honour of Paris and his family.

He says, "noble parentage, nobly aligned, has honourable parts." Now in Elizabethan England, family honour could be enhanced through marriage alliances.

So, what I'd like you to think about is how might Juliet's refusal be affecting the Capulet family honour? Pause the video.

Take a few moments to think about it.

Welcome back, everyone.

Some great ideas there.

Now, as Sam says, "By emphasising Paris's 'noble parentage,' Lord Capulet could be implying that Juliet is denying the Capulet family a chance to improve their honour through a strategic family alliance." So her actions are affecting the whole family.

He may also be suggesting her actions are shameful because he's agreed for her to marry Paris, a nobleman.

And if she refuses, he'll then have to go back on his word, which will make him look dishonourable in front of a noble family.

So now for a quick check for understanding.

What I'd like you to do is tell me whether the following statement is true or false.

So is it true or false? That Lord Capulet's words suggests that Juliet's refusal impacts the Capulet family honour.

Pause the video.

Take a few moments to think about it.

Now, the correct answer is true.

Now I'd like you to tell me why it's true.

So pause the video.

Take a few moments to think about it.

Welcome back, everyone.

You might have said, potentially, Lord Capulet could be suggesting that Juliet's refusal is denying the Capulet family a chance to improve their honour.

So very well done if you got those right.

Amazing work, everyone.

We're now on to the first task of the lesson.

Now arguably, Lord Capulet suggests that Juliet has dishonoured him through her refusal to do as he wishes.

So what I'd like you to think about is what does this suggest about family and honour in a patriarchal society? Then you might consider, in a patriarchal society, men were in control, especially of their daughters.

So pause the video.

Take a few minutes to discuss.

Welcome back, everyone.

Some great discussions there.

What I'd like you to do is think about Sofia's ideas and how well they align with your ideas.

So Sofia said, "I think it suggests that a man's honour was affected by his ability to control his family, particularly the women in his family.

If they were disobedient, it reflected poorly on him." So pause the video.

Think about how well Sofia's ideas align with your ideas.

Welcome back, everyone.

Now I think this links back to ideas of how men were stereotypically supposed to be.

They were supposed to be dominant and in control.

If they weren't, it affected their masculinity and how others thought of them.

Fantastic work, everyone.

We're now on to the second learning cycle where we're going to look at the violence in Lord Capulet's language.

Now, as well as suggesting that Juliet's being dishonourable, Lord Capulet uses particularly violent language during their exchange.

He says, "I will drag thee on a hurdle thither." Now, what I'd like you to focus on is the word "drag" and think about what the connotations of "drag" are.

How is it linked to ideas of violence? Pause the video.

Take a few moments to think about it.

Welcome back, everyone.

Some great ideas there.

Now to drag something means to physically pull something or someone with force or difficulty.

So it implies that Capulet is threatening Juliet with physical force.

He's going to physically force her to where he wants her to go.

Now, we focused on the word "drag" from that quotation, but "hurdle" also has violent connotations.

A hurdle was a frame used to drag traitors to their executions, and these executions were very violent.

They'd be hung, drawn, and quartered in public and their heads displayed for all to see.

So Lord Capulet is really using violent, unpleasant language towards Juliet here.

Now, let's look at those sounds in the line, "I'll drag thee on a hurdle thither." Now I love looking at sound imagery because I really think it creates an atmosphere that enhances the meaning behind the words.

Now "d" and "t" are both plosive sounds.

Plosive sounds are consonants produced by stopping the airflow using lips or teeth and followed by a sudden release of air.

So what I'd like you to think about is how might the plosive sounds emphasise the idea of violence here? Now this is a tricky question.

So try saying the sounds aloud and see how it feels.

What might we associate with those sounds that links to violence? Pause the video.

Take a few moments to think about it.

Welcome back, everyone.

Now that's a tricky question.

I heard some fantastic ideas there.

Now, when you say those sounds aloud, they sound harsh and abrupt, "d," "t." Perhaps that might reflect the harshness of Lord Capulet's threat.

The plosive sounds make the line sound even more threatening.

Remember that "Romeo and Juliet" is a play.

The lines are designed to be read aloud and performed on stage.

So the sounds chosen are there to affect the audience and how they perceive what's happening on the stage.

So now for a quick check for understanding.

Which of these is the most valid interpretation of the plosive sounds of Lord Capulet's words? Is it A? The plosive sounds demonstrate that Lord Capulet recognises how harsh his words are.

Or B? The plosive sounds reflect the harshness of Lord Capulet's threats of violence.

So pause the video.

Take a few moments to think about it.

Now, the correct answer is B.

Now I'd like you to tell me why it's B.

So pause the video.

Take a few moments to think about it.

Welcome back, everyone.

You might have said that Lord Capulet uses violent threats throughout Act Three, Scene Five with no sign of reflection.

So very well done if you got those right.

Now, let's zoom in on the line "My fingers itch." Here, Lord Capulet is talking of his desire to slap Juliet due to her disobedience.

So what I'd like you to think about is what might the significance of this line be? Pause the video.

Take a few moments to think about it.

Welcome back, everyone.

Some great ideas there.

Now, he's angry at Juliet, as she is presenting him with a problem.

So saying he wants to slap her could indicate he sees violence as a solution to problems. You also might have noticed he's using it as a threat.

He's trying to get Juliet to do as he wants.

So maybe he sees violence as a way of controlling people.

Specifically, it might suggest he uses violence as a solution to women who don't obey those in authority.

So now for a quick check for understanding.

Which of the following does Lord Capulet's line "My fingers itch" suggest? Is it A? That Lord Capulet is trying to hold himself back from violence.

B, Lord Capulet wants to commit violence.

Or C, Lord Capulet abstains from violence.

So pause the video.

Take a few moments to think about it.

Welcome back, everyone.

Now saying "My fingers itch" means Lord Capulet wants to slap Juliet.

So it means he wants to commit violence.

So very well done if you got that right.

So, now let's zoom in on the line, "An you be not, hang, beg, starve, die in the streets." Here, Lord Capulet has threatened to disown Juliet if she continues to disobey him, leave her to live as an outcast on the streets.

To disown someone is to cut them off, to have no connection with them at all.

So what I'd like you to think about is what is the significance of Lord Capulet's words? What does the violence behind them reveal about the realities of patriarchal society? What do you think would happen to Juliet if Lord Capulet did cut her off and disown her? Pause the video.

Take a few moments to think about it.

Welcome back, everyone.

Some great ideas there.

Now, remember this is a society where women can't be educated or learn a trade.

They can't purchase property.

So to disown Juliet means she'll be cast out onto the streets with nothing.

And that might reveal that men commit violence against women without touching them.

Making them an outcast could mean extreme violence because it leaves them incredibly vulnerable to society to whoever may prey on them.

Now, as Lord Capulet is threatening Juliet, Lady Capulet and the Nurse both try to intervene.

The Nurse says, "God in heaven bless her! You are to blame, my lord, to rate her so." And Lady Capulet says, "You are too hot," meaning you're too angry.

However, both women are forced to retreat.

So what I'd like you to think about is what might this reveal about a patriarchal society? Pause the video.

Take a few moments to think about it.

Welcome back, everyone.

Some great ideas there.

Now, the fact the Nurse and Lady Capulet are forced to retreat, even though they initially tried to defend Juliet, suggests that men were dominant in society.

Women have no real response to men's violence.

They can't force Lord Capulet to stop.

Ultimately, Lady Capulet says she'll have nothing to do with Juliet if she doesn't marry Paris.

And the Nurse also advises her to marry Paris.

So they've become submissive to Lord Capulet.

So now for a quick check for understanding.

What I'd like you to do is tell me whether the following statement is true or false.

So is it true or false? That Lord Capulet's language reveals the realities of Elizabethan England for women.

Pause the video.

Take a few moments to think about it.

The correct answer is true.

Now I'd like you to tell me why it's true.

So pause the video.

Take a few moments to think about it.

Welcome back, everyone.

You might have said that Lord Capulet's language suggests that men could commit violence against women even without touching them.

Furthermore, that women had no real response to male violence.

So very well done if you got those right.

Amazing work, everyone.

We're on to the final task of the lesson.

Now what I'd like you to do is create a single paragraph outline to answer the question, how does Shakespeare present Lord Capulet's violence towards Juliet? Now there's a copy of the exchange in the additional materials.

Now, just a reminder.

A single paragraph outline includes a topic sentence that explains the focus of the paragraph.

Supporting details that are the analysis of evidence that supports the topic sentence.

And a concluding sentence that's a summary of the paragraph with a clear focus on the writer's intentions.

So pause the video.

Create your single paragraph outline now.

Welcome back, everyone.

Some fantastic work there.

Now what I'd like you to do is think about Jacob's ideas.

How well do they align with your ideas? So Jacob's topic sentence is, "In Act Three, Scene Five, Lord Capulet's violent response to Juliet's disobedience perhaps reveals that men's solution to problems was violence." For his supporting detail, Jacob included the quotation "drag" and the note says physical, violent connotations and implies that Lord Capulet physically forced an unwilling Juliet.

He also included "my fingers itch" and said it suggests that Lord Capulet wished to slap Juliet.

He also included the quotation, "hang, beg, starve, die in the streets" and said it shows the violent consequences of Lord Capulet's threat of disowning Juliet.

Finally, he also included the detail that the Nurse and Lady Capulet cannot stop Lord Capulet, even though they try to do so.

For his concluding sentence, Jacob said, "Through his portrayal of Lord Capulet's violence, Shakespeare is perhaps revealing the realities of life for women in a patriarchal society." So pause the video.

Think about how well Jacob's ideas align with your ideas.

Welcome back, everyone.

Now, I think it's always so important to take a step back from the language and think about what it shows us about society at the time.

For Lord Capulet, it shows just how important honour was to men and how they were willing to resort to violence to defend their honour and their control.

You all did amazingly well today, everyone.

Here's a summary of what we covered.

The implication that Juliet's refusal makes her dishonourable suggests that women's honour came from obedience.

Lord Capulet implies that Juliet's refusal is specifically dishonourable to him.

Through that, Shakespeare may be suggesting that a man's honour comes from his ability to control his family.

Lord Capulet's violent response to Juliet's refusal could suggest that men saw violence as a solution.

I really hope you enjoyed the lesson, everyone.

I hope to see you for another lesson soon.

Goodbye.