Hello, welcome to today's lesson, "Doors and Windows, Key Motifs in Jekyll and Hyde".

My name's Mr. Barnsley, it's time to get started.

So today's outcome, by the end of the lesson you will be able to analyse the significance of doors and windows in "The Strange Case of Dr.

Jekyll and Mr. Hyde".

As I we're gonna start with our keywords, four keywords for you to look out for today.

They are duality, threshold, liminal and respectable.

As ever, I'm gonna share the definitions of the four keywords on the screen with you now.

Do read through each of them very, very carefully, pausing the video if you need to because it's really important that you understand what each of these words mean.

You will be expected to recognise them and use them over the course of today's lesson.

So let's look at the lesson outline for today's lesson.

Doors and windows, the key motifs in "Jekyll and Hyde".

So first of all, we're gonna look at Stevenson's use of the motif of doors.

We're then gonna move on to the motif of windows.

And by the end we're gonna be using discourse markers to trace ideas across the text.

So let's start by looking at the motif of doors.

So let's start with a question for you all then.

How might doors represent duality? Duality a key word here.

Remember the duality of man is the idea that we might have good and evil within us.

How might doors be a symbol of that? Pause the video.

You can do this as a discussion if you have a partner.

Otherwise, if you're working by yourself, you might want to make a mind map here.

What do doors represent or how do they represent the idea of duality? Pause the video, give this a go and press play when you are ready to continue.

Fantastic, I heard some really great discussion there.

Always really interesting when people are discussing symbolism because you can be really creative with your interpretation.

So let's have a think about then how doors can symbolise, can represent duality.

I want to just shine a bit of a spotlight on some of the fantastic ideas that I heard so well done to people who said that doors represent a barrier between two spaces, often outer and inner spaces, and there can be a way of protecting ourselves.

So if we think about the duality of man, they could represent the bits that we want to hide of ourselves from the world.

Kind of close away, so well done if you talked about them being a barrier between the outer, what we present on the outside and the inner kind of our internal feelings.

Well done if people use the keywords such as thresholds, they're liminal spaces, doors are a border between two states.

So we move from one place to another whenever we cross that threshold of a door.

And we can think about our characters of Jekyll and kind of the liminal spaces, the thresholds as he changes between Jekyll and his alternative character, Mr. Hyde.

But we can also talk about doors being a bit of a blank space.

Often they can be quite a smooth surface, but there's always that question of, what's behind? And again, how does that link to the idea of duality? Well, it's this idea of, we often don't always know what's behind some of the surfaces.

When we look at other people, we only ever see the outer.

We don't always get to see the inner.

And that links to the idea of respectability.

When we think of the doors, particularly the doors of Jekyll's home of the respectable facade to the outward sign, kind of the outward of his home, we very much see that Jekyll's door represents the upper classes, it represents respectability.

And we know that sometimes what's going on behind those doors isn't always behaviour that we'd expect of the upper classes, the respectable upper classes.

Again, so lots of really good ideas there.

Linking the idea of doors, which we see is quite a common motif throughout the novel.

And how we can use that to make links to that key theme of duality.

Well done if you said any of those ideas.

Right, so let's have a think in a little bit more detail then specifically of some of the doors that we see in "The Strange Case of Dr.

Jekyll and Mr. Hyde.

So in chapter one, the first door that we come across is the door that's used by Hyde.

And this door is described as being blistered and disdained.

And we can analyse this.

What's it tell us about the characters? Well, the door is very damaged and we know that Hyde is very damaged.

His morality is damaged.

The way that he behaves in society is damaged.

So this door, the first door that we're introduced to, this blistered and disdained door is a physical representation of Hyde himself.

Let's have a look at some of the other references to doors that we have.

So in chapter two, we have the description of the door to Jekyll's house that's described as being a well-dressed elderly servant open the door.

So the link there between this door and the person who is behind it, the well-dressed servant, we have the door to Jekyll's laboratory.

This is a door covered with red baize and we can really think about what that colour red suggests.

And then we know in chapter eight when the truth is about to be unearthed, we know that Jekyll's door is broken down.

Utterson cried "Sown with the door, Poole".

So I'd like to pause the video and you can have a discussion if you have a partner.

Otherwise you can just make some notes of your own ideas.

These are references to different doors.

And what do they tell us about the characters? What do they tell us about Jekyll? What analysis can we make about these doors based on how they've been described? What might they represent? Okay, time to pause the video, give this a go.

Give yourself a few minutes to do this and press play when you are ready to continue.

Good luck.

Well done, I heard some really, really nice ideas there.

Let's shine a light on some of those fantastic things that you might have said.

So for the Dorian chapter two, we could have said, well, this is a sign of respectability.

We've got a respectable servant.

This is a very public side.

This is the side of Jekyll that he wants society to see.

This is the side of him that he shows to society, as we learn throughout the novel, this is actually a facade and it's hiding a lot of kind of deeper and more dangerous sides to him.

But this is the side that he wants to present to society.

We know that the door to his Jekyll is in hiding, it's covered.

And this word red, we know red has connotations of blood and danger.

So this really is a clue, a signpost, a signal to us as readers that actually what's going on behind this door of Jekyll's laboratory is potentially very dangerous.

And finally, the breaking down of the door is Hudson and being very forceful.

It is time for him to reveal the truth.

And that door has represented up until this point, represented a barrier to the truth.

So the breaking down of that door represents the breaking down of the barriers and the secrecy because Utterson is ready to reveal the truth.

So some really, really interesting inferences we can make about why Stevenson uses these images of the door so frequently in his novel.

Okay, time for a check for understanding.

This time you are gonna match the reference to the doors with their possible interpretation.

So now on one side we've got interpretations, we've got the image of corruption, we've got the respectable facade, we've got the barrier to truth, and then you've got the references, the quotations from the text, "Down with the door, Poole", "Servant opened the door", "Blistered and disdained".

Pause video, match these quotations to the interpretations and press play when you are ready to continue.

Good job on this, let's have a look then.

So image of corruption, the blistered and disdained door that we see in chapter one is a signal, a sign, a symbol of the corruption that we are about to see play out throughout the novel.

So well done if you said that, the respectable facade is the servant opening this grand door that faces out onto the squares of London.

And finally, the barrier to the truth.

Well, when that is broken down, when Paul breaks down the door, we are breaking down the barrier to the truth.

Well done if you selected all of those things.

Okay, our first task in today's lesson then, you are gonna combine the sentence fragments below to create a complex sentence about the use of the motif of doors.

So I'm gonna give you a hint.

You're gonna start with the sentence fragment.

In "The Strange Case of Dr.

Jekyll and Mr. Hyde", you're gonna need to use commas and a full stop and I'll give you another little clue.

You may want to use the sentence fragment, which includes brackets within one of the other sentence fragments.

So let's look at the fragment.

So one fragment is in brackets, both literal and metaphorical.

Remember those brackets could go anywhere.

In "The Strange Case of Dr.

Jekyll and Mr. Hyde", I've told you that's gonna be the first fragment you're gonna want to use.

But also as a symbolic threshold between the domains of good and evil.

Stevenson uses the motif of the door as a barrier between characters.

So I want you to put all of these fragments together to create a really complex, a complex sentence which introduces a really complex idea around Stevenson's use of the motif outdoors.

Pause the video, create this sentence, and press play when you are ready to continue.

Okay, great job on that activity.

I hope you have got a sentence that you are really proud of.

Let's check that sentence.

Then on the left you can see the fragments that I challenge you to use.

Let's see how we can turn this into a really interesting complex sentence, which shares a really complex idea around Stevenson's use of the motif of doors.

So I challenge you to start with the fragment in "The Strange Case of Dr.

Jekyll and Mr. Hyde".

Okay, let's see what comes next.

Stevenson uses the motif of the door as a barrier.

Hang on a minute.

That wasn't my full fragment.

Why have I stopped my fragment here? Well, because it feels appropriate to put in my brackets here because the both literal and metaphorical is describing the barriers.

Okay, so it is not just a physical barrier.

The door is not just a physical barrier, a literal barrier.

It's also a metaphorical barrier.

It represents a barrier between the truth and honesty and the honesty and secrecy.

So let's complete that fragment then.

So in "The Strange Case of Dr.

Jekyll and Mr. Hyde", Stevenson uses the motif of the door as a barrier, both literal and metaphorical between characters, but also as a symbolic threshold between domains of good and evil.

That is a really nice, sophisticated inference about why Stevenson uses the motif of doors.

So well done if you managed to create a sentence that looks like that, and my challenge to you is see if you can use that sentence in your work in future.

Okay, onto our second learning cycle then today.

We're gonna be looking at Stevenson's use of the motif of windows.

So let's have a quick summary of the key events of chapter seven.

So I'm gonna give you a summary of key events and the quotations that go alongside them.

So we know that Mr. Utterson and Mr. Enfield walk past Dr.

Jekyll's house and this is a quotation.

"The middle one of the three windows was halfway open and sitting close beside it, taking the air with an infinite sadness of mien, like some disconsulate prisoner Utterson saw Dr.

Jekyll." Jekyll says he's ill, but he will talk to them through the window.

So he says he can't join them on the walk and they can't come in, but he will talk to them through this half open window.

And the quotation he says, or that suddenly follows, is "The smile was struck outta his face and succeeded by an expression of such abject terror and despair as froze the very blood of the two gentlemen below.

They saw it but for a glimpse, for the window was instantly thrust down." So whilst Jekyll is speaking to the two men, something happens, the smile disappears from Jekyll's face and suddenly he looks kind of terrified in despair and it makes the men feel incredibly worried.

And Jekyll moves away from the window and he slams the window shut.

So chapter seven, the incident in the window is a very, very short chapter, but a very important one because we see Utterson and Jekyll, sorry, Utterson and Mr. Enfield walking past Jekyll's house and they see a snippet of something not quite right with Jekyll.

They see Jekyll looking unwell and they see him disappear very, very quickly from the window.

We know once we've read the whole text, we can assume that Jekyll was transforming into Hyde at that point and he didn't want the two men to see.

But at this point in the text, remember if we're reading this for the first time, we as the reader are just as unaware as Utterson and Enfield are about what is going on.

Okay, so the students have had a discussion about this chapter and this is what they have said.

Laura says, Halfway open.

Well this is showing that Jekyll is partly visible, so the window is halfway open, but this is a symbol of Jekyll being partly visible that represents how we can't see his other side.

He keeps the other side of him hidden, which is Hyde.

Okay, that's Laura's interpretation.

Aisha says, he's like a prisoner.

So he describes as this consulate prisoner behind these windows, this is Stevenson hinting at Jekyll's criminal nature.

And Jacob said, the window suggests transparency.

A window is see-through.

It suggests we should be able to see the truth, but the window is very quickly shut down, which implies it's easy to keep people in ignorance.

The students have shared some very interesting ideas there.

I want you to decide, do you agree? Do you agree with one of them, all of them, some of them.

Pause the video, have a think about whether you agree with the students and have a think if you've got anything else you would like to add to the discussion.

What is Stevenson showing us through his use of windows in this chapter? Pause the video, have a discussion and press play when you are ready to continue.

I heard some fantastic discussions there, well done.

It is now time for a check for understanding, true or false? In chapter seven of "Jekyll and Hyde", Stevenson skillfully uses the window motif to explore the themes of secrecy and duality, pause the video, select your response or press play when you are ready to continue.

That is of course true, well done.

Always more challenging though now, justify your answer.

So A, Jekyll can be easily seen, but he refuses to let his friends see his real side so he slams the window closed.

Jekyll is said to be like a prisoner, which suggests he's hiding away, both valid, but which is the most sophisticated response? Pause the video, select your response, and press play when you are ready to continue.

Yes, well done if you said A, true he is a prisoner.

It is suggesting it's hiding away in some ways, but it's a much more sophisticated to say that the window should be transparent.

It should allow us to see the truth.

But the fact it's only half open and then slammed shut shows that Jekyll does not want his friends to see his real side.

So he slams that window shut.

Congratulations if you selected A.

Okay, it is time for another task.

You are gonna use the following sentence stems to explain Stevenson's use of the window motif.

I also want you to do some analysis of the quotations.

So here are two sentences to get you started.

And then you are gonna finish by adding your interpretation with a little bit of analysis of the quotation.

So the window is initially described as being half open, which, the partial knowledge is reduced still further when the window was instantly thrust down.

So taking those two sentences, I want you to turn them, flesh them out with your own interpretations and some analysis of quotation.

You should have by the end of this two very short paragraphs, pause the video, give yourself plenty of time on this activity and press play when you are ready to continue.

Great job on this.

I can see you starting to have some really detailed, nuanced understanding and explanations of why Stevenson uses the motif of windows and what interpretations we can make through this use of windows.

So let's have a look what things you might have written.

As ever, I'm gonna share some answers that you could have said.

They are not the only right answers, but it's a really good opportunity to compare what you have written to what I am saying.

So we could have said for the first one, the window is initially described as being half open, which allows Mr. Utterson and Mr. Enfield to see Dr.

Jekyll clearly.

He is looking disc consulate and like a prisoner.

Here the use of the window motif reflects the way in which Utterson and Enfield can only see half of the problem.

They are not yet in possession of the full story.

Well done if you said anything similar to that.

And the second one, that partial knowledge is reduced still further when the window was instantly thrust down, here the abrupt closure might represent how determined people can be to hide their true nature from others.

The violence of the movement suggests a latent danger in Jekyll.

Again, well done if you said anything similar, pause the video and if you want to take any of my ideas and add them to your responses, now is the time to do so.

Press play when you are ready to continue.

Okay, we are moving now on to the final part of today's lesson, using discourse markers to trace ideas.

So when you we're gonna think about how we are writing about motifs and ideas across the text, it's really important when we're doing this that we use discourse markers for time and sequence to make links across the text.

Whenever we're talking about motifs, the whole point of a motif is that it reoccurs.

We see it occur at different parts in the text.

So whenever we're analysing the use of motif, of course we're gonna need to use discourse markers to direct our reader to make it very clear to them, signpost to them which part of the text we are talking about.

So for example, here are some discourse markers we may use, first, initially, at the beginning, in addition, later, finally.

All of these tellers kind of which parts of the motif we're talking about and which parts of the text we are discussing.

So how do we use discourse markers? Well, the first ones, they're all, so first, initially, at the beginning, they're all really useful when we are talking about the initial introduction of a motif.

Words like, or phrases like in addition and later help us to explain how an idea or a motif develops across the text and finally allows us, it's a discourse marker we're used to using with regards to our conclusions, but it allows us to express our conclusions about the idea, the motif.

So really focusing in on the purpose that Stevenson has used the motif of the windows or the door here.

So let's check for, let's do a check for understanding here.

A student has written the following paragraph in response to the question, how does Stevenson use the motifs of doors and windows to convey his ideas about duality? I'm gonna read the paragraph together and then I want you to identify the discourse markers.

The novel's first chapter is entitled "The Story of the Door." This establishes from the beginning the significance of the image of the door.

The door to Jekyll's house blistered and disdained, represents the damage corrupted human being that exists and enters by that doorway.

Stevenson later provides a contrast between the squalid door with the respectable door to Dr.

Jekyll's, which is opened in the proper Victorian fashion, by a servant.

Pause the video and see if you can identify any of the discourse markers that are in that paragraph.

Press play when you are ready to continue.

Okay, well done if you picked out discourse markers like from the beginning, which shows us that we are talking about a motif at the beginning of the text and then later is moving on and here, we're providing a contrast between that initial door and then the respectable door.

So well done if you picked out those discourse markers.

Okay, now onto our final task.

And you are gonna continue that pupil's response by adding your own, your a second paragraph of your own.

So you're gonna write a second paragraph about Stevenson's use of doors and windows and how he uses these to convey the ideas about duality.

So I want you to make sure that you're using discourse markers to trace the motif.

You're gonna definitely make reference to chapter seven, the incident at the window.

And you can, even if you want, you can start with the following sentence stem, later in the novel, Stevenson also employs the motif of the window to convey ideas about duality.

So pause the video, write a second paragraph.

This one can focus a lot on chapter seven.

Give it a go.

Press play when you are ready to continue.

All right, well done for giving that activity a go.

Okay, I want to share with you my model answer as ever when I'm sharing model answers.

There is more than one way you could have written this.

There's more than one way that you could have responded.

What I want you to do is compare your answer to mine, take some of my ideas, and you can also think about how your ideas could have improved my response as well.

So let's have a look at what you may have written.

Later in the novel, Stevenson also employs the motif of the window to convey ideas about duality.

Stevenson positions Jekyll at a half open window.

The use of the word half is Stevenson's way of hinting to the reader that there are two sides to Dr.

Jekyll and he's only showing his friends one part of him.

However, almost immediately on being seen by his friends, the window is thrust down.

It's an almost violent act as if Stevenson is showing Jekyll pushing his friends away.

This is the last opportunity Jekyll has to be open.

Hyde has almost won, and we will soon see how devastating the effects of Hyde's takeover will be.

So there is my model response.

Well done if you identified the discourse markers.

So later, almost immediately, last.

Well done and I hope you managed to use discourse markers in your own work.

So compare yours to mine.

Where have you used discourse markers and where have you analysed the effect of the motif of the window? Pause the video, make those comparisons and press play when you are ready to continue.

All right, thank you so much for joining me for today's lesson, "Doors and Windows, the Key Motifs in Jekyll and Hyde".

I hope you now have a really good understanding of these two motifs and you'll feel more confident in talking about these and analysing the impact that they have had and the purpose and the reason why Stevenson included these in his text.

On the screen, you can see a summary of the key learning of today's lesson.

Do make sure you read through those and go over any points that you maybe feel unsure about.

Thank you so much for joining me.

I hope to see you in one of the other lessons in this unit.

Thanks very much, goodbye.