Hi there, great to see you today.

My name is Mr. Barnsy.

Thank you so much for joining me.

Today we're gonna be looking at one of the pigs in a little bit more detail.

Squealer, the most treacherous pig? Let's see if we can answer that question.

Come in, let's get started.

Right, let's have a look at today's outcome then.

So by the end of the lesson, you're gonna be able to use textual evidence to support your inferences about Squealer.

So there are five keywords that we are gonna be look, or phrases that we're gonna be looking out for in today's lesson.

They are treachery, nominative, determinism, egalitarian, sycophantic, and judicious.

Some really complex ideas here.

So I'm gonna put the definitions on the screen, obviously we'll cover them in today's lesson.

Do take a moment pausing the video if you need to, to read through each of these definitions carefully.

It's really important that you have an understanding of what these words means so you are not confused by them when they appear in today's lesson.

So, two learning cycles today.

First of all, we're gonna be finding judicious quotations and then we're gonna be tracking a character in an essay.

We are gonna be looking at Squealer, but he's not the only pig we're gonna be focusing on today.

But you will be writing about Squealer by the end of the lesson.

So let's start by looking at finding judicious quotations.

So I want to start by looking at one of these keywords that were in our list at the beginning.

Normative determinism.

It's a complicated idea, or it feels like a complicated idea, it's actually quite simple when we break it down.

So it literally translates to as a name driven outcome.

It's the idea that people are driven towards work or activities that connect to their name.

So let's have a look at an example.

So there was a polar explorer called Daniel Snowman, and it's like, "Okay, my name is Snowman," and was he driven to become a polar explorer to explore the ice and the snow, because his name was Snowman? Or a teacher called Miss Wright, 'cause she's always right.

Okay, so they are examples of nominative determinism, but we actually have some much clearer or more interesting examples in "Animal Farm".

So let's think about these two characters in particular.

and think about how they could be examples of nominative determinism.

Let's start with Napoleon.

Pause the video, have a discussion with your partner, or think through yourself.

What does Napoleon's name mean? Why might his name have drawn him to be the kind of character that he is.

Okay, pause the video, have a think, or a discussion and press play when you're ready to continue.

A tricky one to get us started there, but well done.

Anyone who drew similarities or parallels to Napoleon, Napoleon Bonaparte, he was a famous military leader and tactician.

Now that could be then saying that Napoleon, the pig can be described as a natural leader, 'cause his counterpart became the emperor of France.

And so we could perhaps say that Napoleon's name and he was always determined to be leader.

He was always gonna become leader.

The name Napoleon has strong connotations with leadership.

Let's do the same with Squealer then, shall we.

Pause the video, discuss with your partner, or think to yourself what might what connotation might the word Squealer have and what links can we make between his name and his actions in the text? Pause the video, give us a go, and press play when you're ready to continue.

Great, so you might said to squeal is to make a really long and high pitched noise.

And we know that Squealer creates a lot of noise.

Basically he obfuscates, he tries to create confusion through his language which could be described as a noise to try and drown out the animal's ability to think independently.

You might have also said squealing describes the act of complaining loudly.

And there is this kind of almost whiny element, you know, when the animals aren't following, aren't following exactly what the pigs say.

And he's like, oh surely you know, surely you don't want Jones back.

So you can, you can almost hear this slightly whiny nature in the way Squealer manipulates his language.

Some of you might have picked on Squealer to squeal being a slang term.

It might be people who inform the police or authority figures about something.

So it can be seen as a treacherous act and treacherous one of our keywords to betray.

So you know, we could argue that Squealer behaviour betrays the other animals.

So I think we can argue the Orwell called Squealer Squealer to emphasise that he's a very deceptive and talkative character.

Let's check our understanding so far 'cause this is a tricky idea but hopefully we're getting our understanding of it.

So Squealer name is an example of nom determinism.

Is that true or false? Pause the video.

Give this a go and press play when you are ready for the rest of the answer.

Yeah, that is true.

Well done if you guess that, let's see if we can justify our answer.

Is it that Squealer name emphasises his deceptive and talkative nature? Or is it that Squealer name emphasises he's a natural leader? Pick your response, pause the video, pick your response and press play when you're ready to continue.

Yes, that was of course, A.

Okay, so I want us to think about if you were writing an essay on Squealer and thinking about him being a treacherous character, what key plot events would you refer to? So using our discourse markers initially, furthermore, however, and finally, have a think what four key plot points might you want to think about when thinking about Squealer as a treacherous character.

Pause the video, have a think and press play when you're ready to continue.

Lovely ideas and fantastic that we're not all saying exactly the same things.

There are many different plot points we can use.

So don't be concerned if someone is saying something different to you.

That's great.

It means our answers will feel different and and more unique.

Okay, here are my examples.

They're not the only examples, but you may wish to compare your thoughts with mine.

So initially I want to talk about how Squealer is just described a very persuasive character.

We know that he could turn black into white.

It hints at the beginning we get a hint of his ability to deceive.

We're not told straight away, but we can see there's some clues right from the very beginning.

We start to see this coming to the fore through his continued use of rhetoric where he helps the pigs establish hierarchy, helps to place them at the top of the hierarchy.

And we see this most clearly through the first act of deception, milk and apples.

So that milk and apples quote is really useful when talking about pigs, deception and different pigs.

But here we can use it to talk about Squealer.

However we know the ultimate act of treachery comes when Squealer helps the pigs to rewrite the commandments.

It really demonstrates how far the pigs have moved from old majors, original principles of animalism to the life, the and the totalitarian state that they have created with them and Napoleon in charge.

And finally we actually see that Squealer is one of the first pigs or the first pig who we learn can walk.

And this really shows that there has been a complete abandonment of this dream of egalitarian and equal affair society.

All of old major's ideologies have been banned the.

in fact if anything, the pigs much more closely represent Jones and the humans by the end of the novella.

And that's a really treacherous act.

He's betrayed the other animals.

He's betrayed the, the ideology of old major.

The act of walking on two legs.

The act of behaving like a human is a complete betrayal of everything that animalism was meant to be about.

Now again, I've just highlighted those discourse markers 'cause you can see how important they are from helping us move throughout the text.

It's really important when using discourse markers in our own writing.

Okay, another true or false for you.

Then discourse markers then are an effective way to track a character's development in an essay.

True or false? Pause, think, and press play when you're ready to continue.

That is of course true discourse markers are so helpful for us to track a character's journey.

A character's development and essay justify just discourse markers include words like emphasises, reveals and suggests or discourse Markers includes words like initially, furthermore, however.

Pause, think, and press play when you're ready.

That is of course, B.

So initially, furthermore, however, then next, finally, all fantastic discourse markers that I want to see in your writing.

Okay, so we've thought about some big ideas when it comes to Squealer.

What we now need to do is start thinking of judicious quotes that are gonna be useful and helpful in our analysis.

But Mr Barnsley, you might be saying, what does judicious quotes mean? Well it means well selected ones that are gonna illuminate your point, that point that you are making.

So not just picking random quotes or Oh I know a quote against about Squealer.

I'm just gonna use that quote.

I already know.

I'm thinking, does this quote help me prove the point I'm trying to make? They should be shorter supporting quotes.

You might have some main quotes that you're gonna look at in detail, but there should be some little short words or phrases from the text that we can use and embed them into our writing.

They should be chosen from the breadth of the text.

We're not just gonna pick all of our quotes from the beginning or all of our quotes from the end.

We want to show we understand the whole plot by picking quotations from across the course of the novella, but they have to be analytically rich.

We want 'em to be interesting, we want 'em to have interesting words.

We want 'em to have interesting language devices.

We want them to have words that have connotations.

We want 'em to have words that contain symbolism.

We want to be able to say lots and lots and lots of things about them.

So I want you to read the statement and then the extract and then you are gonna identify the most useful judicious quotations.

So my statement is initially or well establishes Squealer as a deceptive and treacherous pig through his description.

Now this is an extract I want you to think about which quotes are best at at at establishing Squealer as deceptive and treacherous.

And I want you to think about all those things.

They should be short, they should prove my point but some of them should be really analytically rich.

Let's have a look at the extract then.

"The best known among them was a small fat pig named Squealer with very round cheeks, twinkling eyes, nimble movements, and a shrill voice.

He was a brilliant talker.

And when he was arguing some difficult points, he had a way of skipping from side to side and whisking his tail, which was somehow very persuasive.

The other said of Squealer that he could turn black into white." So pause and have a think which of these, which words and phrases could be really useful in helping us prove this point that Orwell establishes Squealer as a deceptive and treacherous pig.

Pause video, have a think, and press play when you're ready to continue.

Okay, I could hear some great discussions and great, I could see people highlighting some wonderful words.

I've highlighted some of the ones that I would pick out.

Now, not all of these are analyzable.

Not all of these are gonna be words that I will a analyse in details.

Some of 'em are just useful for supporting my idea.

So a a phrase like brilliant talker, like it helps prove my point.

It's not gonna be something that analyse in lots of detail, but turn black into white for example, is something that I will want to dive a bit deeper in.

So you can see that these quotes are both Maine.

Some of them turn black in black into white is a Maine and some of them are short supporting quotes.

A brilliant talker, analytically rich though you can see lots of these have got adjectives or metaphors.

So words like twinkling and nimble are really nice and can analyse in more detail.

But most importantly, they're all relevant.

They help develop the ideas in my statement.

Well Weldon, if you selected similar quotations to that.

So let's just check.

We understand all about judicious quotations.

Which of my checklist of what makes a quotation judicious is missing.

So I want you to try and work out what is missing, where that question mark is.

Pause the video, have a think, select your response and press play when you're ready to continue.

Welcome back, well done if you said varied and chosen from the breadth of the text.

Okay, we want to see quotes from across the text, that would be fantastic, right? It is over to you.

Now there are four statements on the screen labelled one, two, three, and four.

And I would like you to use the extracts in your additional materials.

So in your additional materials you have got extracts from across novella, remembering well what quotations from a breadth of the text.

And I want you to find the most judicious quotations that could link to these points.

So I want you to identify them, highlight them and you can annotate them with one of these statements from the screen.

So you want to try and prove statements one, two, three, and four.

And find as many quotations that can help prove them in the additional materials.

Pause the video, make sure you've got your additional materials open and a highlighter.

And then see if you can pick the best quotations from there.

Over to you, off you go.

Welcome back.

Great job there.

I could see you looking really critically and thinking about that checklist.

Is this a good quote? Is this useful? Is this quote useful to me? Okay, I'm not gonna show you everything you could have highlighted.

Obviously there's many, many things you could have highlighted on those extracts.

What I will do though is give you one example.

So for this first statement, when the pigs take the milk and apple, Squealer justifies this to the animals, let's have a look from extract one, what you might have highlighted.

So you might have highlighted this, "Proved by science," you might have "We pigs are the brain workers." "It is for your sake," that emotional manipulation.

"Cried almost pleadingly, skipping." We've heard that skipping whisking his tail.

That's what he says when he's lying.

"Surely there is no one among you who wants to see Jones come back." So we see that rhetorical question that really trying to kind of strike fear into the animal.

So well done if you highlighted any of those quotations.

Okay, moving on to our second learning cycle, then we're gonna really think about how we track a character in an essay.

Now to do that, I want us to think about the character of Snowball.

We are gonna be writing about Squealer.

We're gonna model this through the character of Snowball.

So let's think of some ideas about Snowball.

We want to make sure he's forefront of our mind as we're talking about him.

So a discussion question for you.

Some people say Snowball is far more treacherous than Squealer.

Do you agree or disagree with this statement? Pause the video, discuss with your partner if you have one.

If not, think to yourself, do you agree with this statement? Snowball is far more treacherous than Squealer.

Pause the video and press play when you are ready to continue.

Wow, I heard some real back and forth debates there.

I heard lots and lots of people who sounded very much like Laura when she said, "Are you kidding? Snowball wants nothing but the best for the animals.

He's committed to the egalitarian principles of an animalism.

He's a good leader, he's a good pig.

How can you say he is more treacherous than than Squealer? Squealer entire role is to be to spread propaganda and to manipulate even his name.

If we consider no determinism reveals awful treachery." Okay, how can you say that Snowball is more treacherous than Squealer? Let's see what Lucas has to say.

Well he says, I do agree with you Laura, Squealer is definitely deceitful and we can see his insincerity and his sycophantic attitude towards Napoleon and Snowball." But he goes on to say, "However, I think Snowball is even more treacherous.

He's seemingly more committed to the other pigs, but he still takes the milk and the apples.

He still accepts the military awards.

He's someone who says he believes inequality, but he happily maintains his place at the top of the hierarchy.

Actually, this makes him more treacherous.

Laura said, oh yeah and actually that reminds me of something all well said that he said, you have to be aware or you have to be careful of those who are unaware of their need for power.

Because often them who disrupt and ruin revolutionary action.

And Lucas says, well that is definitely Snowball.

He may seem like the least corrupt, but he's too power hungry and he's just as responsible for the failed revolution.

That was a really interesting take on Snowball.

Well done if you said anything like that while you were having your discussions.

True or false Orwell thought the power hungry individuals were essential for revolutionary action.

Is that true or false? Let's check our understanding of the character of Snowball.

Pause the video, have a think and press venue ready to continue.

That is of course, false.

Let's justify that.

Is it A, Orwell believed that like Snowball those who were unaware of their ambitions of power, plagued revolutionary development? Or was it B, all well believed like Squealer deceit and propaganda drove revolutionary development? Pause the video, have a think and press play when you're ready to continue.

Yes, that was A, of course.

He was saying, "Look, Orwell believed that people like Snowball exist in revolutions.

They are people who don't realise how much power they actually want.

And actually these people can cause real damage to revolutions 'cause they think they're doing a good thing, but actually they're being driven by their own power.

Now the reason why we started thinking about Snowball is because I want to use him in as as an example of how you can track a character, an essay, and how you can look at how things change.

So what we're gonna do is we're gonna look at a model essay and explore how it's successfully tracks a character's journey.

In this case, Snowball.

So let's have a read.

Let's have a read at the start of this extract.

"Snowball seems like the most idealistic of leaders presented in novella.

He also shows the potential for corruption and he is willing to deceive the other animals when Snowball is first introduced.

He's described as vivacious and quicker in speech than Napoleon." "Snowball vehemently," that's easy for me to say.

"Vehemently defends the principles of Animalism from the start telling Molly that her ribbons are the badge of slavery and that she's forbidden to consume sugar because she does not need it." So when writing an essay on a character tracking their development is a good way to organise your writing logically.

It also reveals about the character's relationship to specific themes.

So here the essay starts by focusing on how the character is first described, how they're first established and how they're established tells us a lot about them.

Now we can use phrases like X is first introduced as, Orwell establishes X as in the description of, or initially X is described as being.

But it's really important that we think about how these characters are first presented to us.

It's really it is a useful way of thinking of characters 'cause it also allows us to see their development and how they change grow.

Or in the case of a lot of the pigs don't grow across the course of the novella.

Let's continue reading.

"At face value, he seems to be per, he seems to perfectly embody the Marxist ideals outlined in all major speech.

His rejection of consumer goods and symbols of hierarchical society such as Molly's badge offers some hope that he will remain true to the ideals of the revolution.

However, Snowball is willing to deceive the other animals over the milk and the apples ensuring that the windfall apples go to the pigs.

By taking the apples and deceiving the animals into thinking that is fair for the brain workers to have more, the utopian ideal of "Animal Farm" is shattered." So this essay explores the initial perceptions of the character at face value.

So what we appear to see at face value is a great phrase for saying what we appear to see.

However, that by using that term however, it allows us to say, look, everything is not quite what we've see.

And this might be what's been presented to us when we first meet the character.

But as we dig deeper, as we learn more, we learn there is a different side to this character.

And that is a great way of tracking how a character is initially presented to how they become to be presented later in the novella.

Really, really smart in this model answer here.

Also, well done if you spotted this, there's some really excellent examples of judicious quotations.

These are short quotations.

They are supporting my argument at this point.

I'm not analysing them, I'm just using them as evidence to support the argument that I am making great use of quotation as well.

Okay, let's continue looking at this model answer.

"Later, when he defends "Animal Farm" from Jones's cancer attack, Snowball accepts a military decoration of a brass medal to honour him as animal hero first class.

Once again, Snowball pretends to believe in an egalitarian society, but accepts an award that gives him a higher status than others in wearing a medal and berating Molly for wearing ribbons.

He's also shown to be a hypocrite, though stable is more visionary than Napoleon and claims that he will use the windmill to give the animals 'a three day week.

' He is undoubtedly one of those who are unaware of their ambitions of power and who blight revolutionary causes as described by Orwell." Now, so this essay continues to track Snowball's development.

We see what he does and we see this kind of treacherous behaviour later in the novella using that time conjunction later.

So phrases like later, finally, furthermore, in addition shows that we are building on and finding evidence from across the text.

And remember we love that.

Judicious quotations from the the breadth of the text.

And here, "brass medal, animal hero, first class, three day week," are all quotations from other parts of the text as you can see all highlighted there.

Okay, let's check our understanding then.

Which of these phrases would you not use to explore the first description of an animal in, of an animal or a character in an essay which may be an animal if you're looking at "Animal Farm".

So which of these phrases would you not use to explore the first description of a character in an essay? Read all the options on the screen.

A, B, C, and D.

Pause the video and make your guess.

Pressing play when you are ready for your response.

Well done if you said B finally or well reveals that of course this is still a great phrase that we can use, but much better for talking about how a character may be presented towards the end of a text.

Right, we're onto our final task of today's lesson.

You're gonna use your quotes from task A and you're gonna build on the model paragraph that I've done about Snowball.

This paragraph is gonna focus on Squealer.

So we're gonna imagine we've been answering an essay that's entitled, "How does Orwell Present the Pigs as Treacherous?" I've written a paragraph about Snowball.

You are going to speak about Squealer.

So to do that you must start with the phrase, when Squealer is first introduced, we're gonna track the character of Squealer.

So use words like initially, furthermore, however, and later, to track Squealers journey.

Think about what we discussed earlier in the lesson.

Use the statements from task A to help organise your paragraph.

And if you can try and make a comparison.

'cause this is all all part of one essay.

Make a comparison to Snowball.

How is Squealer similar or different to Snowball? Okay, that's really, really great idea because it shows that our paragraphs are not in isolation.

We're not just writing about Snowball and then just writing about Squealer.

We can see this is all part of one essay.

Okay, it's over to you.

I want you to give yourself plenty of time to do this writing of this paragraph.

I want it to be really detailed.

I want to see quotation from across the text.

I know you can do a really fantastic job on this 'cause you've done some wonderful discussion and work today.

Pause the video, best of luck and press play when you're ready to continue.

Alright, fantastic work there everyone.

It was great to see you all working so hard.

Heads down, really focused.

Fantastic.

That's what we want to see.

Okay, before we finish today's lesson, I just want us to take a moment to check over our work.

So I want you to check that you've done all of the following.

Have you used a range of judicious quotations? Have you used main and supporting quotes? Have you tracked that character Squealer to show how he develops with reference and theme of treachery? Have you used phrases when Squealer is first introduced initially, furthermore, however, later? And did you manage to compare Squealer's treachery to Snowballs? Try and find evidence where you've done all of those things.

And if you haven't done any of those things, that's okay, but maybe set yourself that as a target to do next time.

Pause the video, reflect on your own work and press play when you're ready to continue.

Okay, fantastic work today in today's lesson.

Really, really proud, proud of you all.

On the screen you can see a summary of all the key learning.

So we've looked at the fact that arguably, Squealer's name is an example of nominated determinism.

We've looked at how we use quotes and how we choose them in a judicious manner.

We look that it can be argued that Snowball is just as treacherous as Squealer.

So we've looked at two pigs today, but one of the key things that we should be taking away is that tracking a character is a really good way of developing our whole essay response.

It's really logical way of tackling an essay.

Great work today.

Really, really pleased.

I hope you enjoy the rest of your day, whatever you choose to do, and I hope to see you soon in one of our future lessons.

Thank you so much for joining me today.

Goodbye.