Hello everyone and welcome to your lesson on complex sentences.

I'm Miss Sutherland and I'll be teaching you today.

Our learning outcome for today is to be able to understand and use subordinate clauses to create interesting complex sentences.

And our key words for today are complex sentence, subordinate clause, fearful, dilapidated, and smog.

We're going to start off by learning about complex sentences.

What is a complex sentence? Sentences are made up of clauses.

A main clause is the part of the sentence that makes sense on its own.

A subordinate clause does not make sense on its own and must be combined with a main clause for the sentence to make sense.

So a complex sentence combines the main clause and subordinate clause.

For example, "Though the sun was shining, there seemed to be no colour in anything." The main clause is, "There seemed to be no colour in anything." Because that makes sense on its own.

And the subordinate clause is, "Though the sun was shining." That part does not make sense on its own, it requires the main clause to make sense.

So together, "Though the sun was shining, there seems to be no colour in anything," is a complex sentence because it combines a subordinate clause and main clause.

What is a subordinate clause? Pause the video and have a go.

Well done, if you said a subordinate clause is the part of a sentence that does not make sense on its own.

Which sentence below is a complex sentence? Pause the video and have a go.

Well done.

If you said it's sentence B, "Aware of the cameras, she slunk round the corner." That is a complex sentence.

What is the subordinate clause in this sentence? "Aware of the cameras, she slunk around the corner." Pause the video and have a go.

Well done if you said, "Aware of the cameras." "Aware of the cameras," does not make sense on its own, therefore it is the subordinate clause.

I now want you to create complex sentences by matching each main clause on the left with the most appropriate subordinate clause on the right.

Pause the video and have a go at making four complex sentences.

Off you go.

Let's go through some answers.

"The poor savoured their bland porridge, whilst the elite indulged in an extravagant meal." "She sprinted into the forest, because she thought she was being followed." "The houses were dilapidated and uninhabitable where the poor citizens resided." And, "It was a free, harmonious city, before the power police took over." Well done if you got those right.

We're now going to look at creating effective complex sentences.

In a complex sentence, the subordinate clause can go before or after the main clause, depending on what you want to emphasise.

For example, "He ran into the forest, fearful of being captured." Or we could write, "Fearful of being captured, he ran into the forest." Where is the subordinate clause in that first sentence? Pause the video and have a think.

Subordinate clause comes after the main clause in that first sentence.

Where is the subordinate clause in the second sentence? Pause the video and have a think.

The subordinate clause comes first in the second sentence, "Fearful of being captured, he ran into the forest." How does the position of the subordinate clause change the effect of the sentence? So what do you think the effect of the first sentence is and what do you think the effect of the second sentence is? Pause the video and have a think.

In this sentence, "He ran into the forest, fearful of being captured," it is revealed the character is running before we know the cause.

So this may build tension and curiosity as the reader is eager to know the cause for the character running.

It then shocks us when we learn the cause for the running, the character's terror.

In the second sentence, there's a slightly different effect.

The subordinate clause comes first, "Fearful of being captured, he ran into the forest." So we are forced to continue reading, to make sense of what happens to the character.

It focuses our attention on the effect of the terror on the character.

Well done if you said any of that.

"They hid behind the wall because they were being followed." What is not a plausible purpose of putting the subordinate clause at the end here? Pause the video and have a think Well done if you said, "To delay stating the effect of being followed on the character and thus build sympathy," is not a plausible purpose of putting the subordinate clause at the end in that sentence.

The reason being is because the effect of being followed is revealed first, the character is hiding behind the wall.

I now want you to create two sentences with the main clause below.

The main clause is, "Only withered trees and barren soil remained." Sentence one has to have the subordinate clause before the main clause.

For example, "Due to.

only withered trees and barren soil remained." Sentence two has to have the subordinate clause after the main clause.

For example, "Only withered trees and barren soil remained because.

." I then want you to annotate both of your sentences for the effect created.

Pause the video and have a go at that task.

Let's go through some possible examples of sentences you could have created.

Sentence one had to have the subordinate clause before the main clause, let's take a look.

"Due to man's obsession with technology and careless neglect of the natural world, only withered trees and barren soil remained." Sentence two had to have the subordinate clause after the main clause.

For example, "Only withered trees and barren soil remained because mankind had carelessly polluted the earth with their monstrous machinery." Now let's take a look at the effect created in both of those sentences.

In the sentence, "Due to man's obsession with technology and careless neglect of the natural world, only withered trees and barren soil remained," the emphasis is on the effect of man's actions on nature, which evokes sympathy for nature.

In the sentence, "Only withered trees and barren soil remained because mankind had carelessly polluted the earth with their monstrous machinery," the emphasis is on the cause of nature's decline, mankind, which evokes anger towards man.

Well done on creating those sentences and well done on your annotations.

The last part of our lesson is gonna focus on varying sentence types in our writing.

Let's look at how we can bring all the different sentence types together.

Let's read together and use the questions to analyse the model answer.

"Polluted air infiltrated every crevice of the city and rain fell incessantly.

Each drop wrapped on the windows of the shimmering skyscrapers.

These towering spectacles, with their opulent chrome facades, belonged to the elite.

Inside, the rooms were adorned with chandeliers, marble floors and lavish tapestries.

Inside, the people flaunted intricately embroidered silk garments in extravagant colours.

Whilst the elite plotted inside the warmth of their rooms, Troy trudged home from his long shift in the rain." What type of sentence is this and why has it been used? Pause the video and have a think.

` "Polluted air infiltrated every crevice of the city and rain fell incessantly," is a compound sentence to show that many ways nature has been destroyed.

Why has this sentence been used? Pause the video and have a think.

This simple sentence quickly shifts attention to the building.

Why have these words and phrases been used? "Chandeliers, marble floors and lavish tapestries.

Embroidered silk garments in extravagant colours." Pause the video and have a think.

Well done if you said all of those words and phrases suggest the wealth and excess of the elite, because they're very luxurious items. Lastly, what type of sentence is this and why has it been used? Pause the video and have a think.

Well done if you said that is a complex sentence, which shows inequality.

We can see that the elite have comfort, whilst Troy, who seems to be from a poorer background, has a lot of discomfort, therefore, there's inequality in that complex sentence.

Well done if you said any of that.

"These towering spectacles, with the opulent chrome facades, belong to the elite," is an example of which type of sentence? Pause the video and have a think.

Well done if you said that's a complex sentence.

This is a complex sentence, because it contains a subordinate clause and a main clause.

The subordinate clause is in the middle of the sentence, "With their opulent chrome facades." Whilst the main clause, the part that makes sense on its own, is, "These towering spectacles belong to the elite." Well done if you got that right.

Now it's over to you.

I want you to write the second paragraph of this description, focusing on how the fearful citizens live and suffer in a dystopian society.

Ensure you use a range of sentence types, for example, simple, compound, and complex.

There are some sentence starters to help you.

"Although they worked in possibly hard.

." "Their dilapidated shacks.

." "The stench of.

." "The smog.

." Pause the video and have a go at this task.

Now it's time to self-assess.

Assess your work by completing the following.

"Annotate a simple sentence and its effect.

Annotate a compound sentence and its effect.

Annotate a complex sentence and its effect.

Annotate words from today's lesson, dilapidated, smog, and fearful." And, "Correct any sentence fragments." Pause the video and self-assess.

Brilliant work! Let's go through what we've learned today.

Firstly, "A complex sentence includes a main clause and a subordinate clause.

A subordinate clause does not make sense on its own.

You can vary the position of the subordinate clause to have a different emphasis or effect in your sentence." And, "You should use a variety of sentence types to create an effective description." Well done on your hard work today.