Hello, everyone.

It's lovely to see you here today.

My name's Dr.

Clayton, and I'm going to guide you through your learning journey today.

So grab your pen, laptop, whatever you use for the lesson and let's get started.

Welcome to today's lesson.

The lesson is called Crafting of Caliban's Character.

So you're going to use your knowledge of "The Tempest" and how Caliban's presented to plan a monologue in Caliban's voice.

Now, monologue involves putting yourself in the character's shoes, and it's such a useful exercise to do in terms of thinking about the character's motivations and really allowing you to understand or question your response to them as a character.

So we have five words we're gonna focus on as our key words today.

Our first word is superior.

Now to be superior means to be high in rank, quality, or status.

Our second word is servile.

Being servile means showing excessive willingness to serve or please others.

Our third word is degraded.

To feel degraded is when someone makes you feel as if you have no value.

Our fourth word is subservient.

To be subservient means to obey others and consider your own wishes as less important.

And all of these four words are incredibly important when thinking about Caliban's character because it interactions with the other characters and the power dynamics between them are an integral part of understanding "The Tempest." And finally, our fifth key word is tranquillity, and that means a state of relaxation and calmness.

So we have three learning cycles in our lesson today.

For our first learning cycle, we're going to think about Caliban's perspective.

As I said, writing a monologue is all about putting yourself in the character's shoes.

So we're going to consider what happens to Caliban in "The Tempest" and how Caliban might've felt each of those moments.

For our second learning cycle, we're going to think about how you can use ambitious vocabulary.

So we're gonna take our key words and integrate them into our writing.

This not only shows our understanding of the key concepts surrounding "The Tempest" but also adds a sophistication to your writing.

For our third learning cycle, we're going to plan your monologue.

We're gonna fill in a planning sheet together to map out these three paragraphs and think about what tone we would use, which ambitious vocabulary we might use, and how we might open and close each paragraph.

So let's start by defining a monologue.

A monologue is a speech given by one character and allows us to see the character's inner thoughts and emotions.

So for this lesson, we're going to be planning a monologue in Caliban's voice.

Now, in order to write convincingly in Caliban's voice, we need to think about what happens to Caliban in "The Tempest" and how Caliban would've felt at each of these moments.

So what I'd like you to do is think about what you can remember about what happens to Caliban in "The Tempest." So pause the video and take a few moments to think about it.

Amazing, fantastic, everyone.

Like Laura, you might have remembered that Caliban was enslaved by Prospero and forced to carry out chores for him.

Otherwise, Prospero threatened him with physical violence if he didn't obey.

Like Alex, you might remember Stephano and Trinculo find Caliban, and he offers to serve Stephano because he gives him alcohol.

We might remember, this makes us feel quite sorry for Caliban because actually it means that perhaps he hasn't ever received something from anyone before and he thinks that that gesture is such a kind gesture, even though we as the audience might not think of it as kind as perhaps Caliban does.

So here are the plot points that happen to Caliban in The Tempest.

So when Prospero and Miranda first arrive on the island, Caliban shows them how to survive by teaching them what food to eat and teaching them how to find shelter.

However, Caliban then tries to hurt Miranda, so Prospero then enslaves Caliban and forces him to obey through threats of physical violence.

Caliban then meets Stephano and Trinculo and they are two members of King Alonso's ship who are shipwrecked on the island with everybody else.

And Caliban offers to serve Stephano because Stephano gives him alcohol.

Caliban then convinces Stephano and Trinculo to help him overthrow Prospero, but the plot fails.

So Prospero is having Ariel, his other magical servant, spy on Caliban.

So Prospero knows exactly what Caliban is up to and can easily stop the plot before it happens.

Finally, at the end of the play, everyone leaves the island, and Caliban is left alone on the island by himself at the end.

What I'd like you to think about then is what overall emotion do you think Caliban would've felt throughout? Pause the video.

Take a few moments to think about it.

Amazing, some fantastic ideas there.

You might have thought, looking at these plot points, that Caliban has had a very negative story throughout the majority of "The Tempest," and he probably feels very angry and frustrated throughout a prosperous treatment of him.

Now, for a quick check for understanding.

Which two of the following things happened to Caliban in "The Tempest"? Is it a, Prospero and Miranda teach Caliban how to survive on the island, b, Prospero enslaves Caliban, c, Stephano enslaves Caliban, or d, Caliban is left alone on the island at the end of the play? Pause the video and make your selection now.

Correct answers are b, Prospero enslaves Caliban and d, Caliban is left alone on the island at the end of the play.

So very well done if you've got those right.

So for your first task or lesson, I'd like you to put yourself in Caliban's shoes and think about how you would feel if you were experiencing each of those moments in the plot.

So the first one's been done for you.

So the first plot point is when Prospero and Miranda arrive on the island, Caliban shows them how to survive.

Now Caliban, up until this point, had been alone on the island.

So you might imagine he would feel excited and happy to finally have some company, especially since he's welcoming them and shown them how to survive.

That suggests he has positive feelings towards Prospero and Miranda.

The other plot points are then that Prosper enslaves Caliban and force him to obey through threats of physical violence.

Caliban meets Stephano and Trinculo and offers to serve Stephano because he gives him alcohol.

Caliban convinces Stephano and Trinculo to help him overthrow Prospero, but the plot fails, and Caliban is left alone on the island at the end of the play.

So how do you think Caliban would feel at each of those following plot points? Pause the video and complete the table now.

Amazing.

It's fantastic work, everyone.

So let's talk through these together.

So you might have said that the moment that Prospero enslaves Caliban and forces him to obey through threats of physical violence, you might have thought that Caliban will feel anger and sadness.

The idea that someone is thinking they own you and they're controlling you and telling you what to do and threatening you with physical violence if you don't obey them would absolutely make us feel sad and angry towards that person and towards our own situation.

Now, if we think about the moment that Caliban meets Stephano and Trinculo, we might think he feels hope.

Finally, he's found some other humans on the island apart from Prosper and Miranda and that might make him feel hope that he could finally get out his situation with Prospero, especially because Stephano gives him alcohol.

Now we might imagine that Caliban perhaps has never had a kind gesture done to him before.

So perhaps he feels that this finally might be his moment to have a different master and serve someone who is kinder than Prospero.

Now, if we think about the moment that Caliban convinces Stephano and Trinculo to help him overthrow Prospero and the plot fails, we might imagine he would feel deep frustration.

He'd finally found people who perhaps he thought he could rely on, but actually the plot has fallen apart and he's frustrated because he's back right where he started, back enslaved through Prospero.

And again, he might imagine that Prosper might physically punish him because of his participation in the plot.

So we can absolutely think he would feel frustrated at this point.

Finally, the idea of him being left alone.

We might think he would feel relief.

Finally, he is his own master again, he doesn't have to serve anybody else because there's no one else on the island apart from him.

Amazing work, everyone.

Now we're going to think about how you can enhance your writing and really make it sound more ambitious and sophisticated by using our keywords in your work.

Now in order for the audience to understand how a character's feeling, we need to communicate their emotions.

And one way to do that is to use ambitious vocabulary.

Now, using ambitious vocabulary not only helps us vary our writing, but it also helps us to communicate more effectively.

So let's just remind ourselves what our keywords are and what they mean.

So our first keyword is superior and that means to be higher in rank, quality or status.

Our second word is servile.

And that means to show an excessive willingness to serve or to please others.

Our third word is degraded.

Now if you feel degraded, that means that someone has made you feel as if you have no value.

Fourth word is subservient and that means to obey others and consider your own wishes as less important.

You think of yourself as beneath somebody else in terms of importance.

And finally, we have tranquillity.

And that means a state of relaxation and calmness.

Now for a quick check for understanding before you start creating your own sentences.

So which of the following key words would fit best in this sentence? His language made me feel like a piece of dirt on his shoe.

I was utterly, this is a, servile, b, superior, or c, degraded.

Pause the video and make your selection now.

Correct answer is c, degraded.

So very well done if you've got that right.

Amazing work so far, everyone.

Onto our second task of the lesson.

So what I'd like to do for each of our keywords is write a sentence in Caliban's voice about his experience to really make the audience understand what emotion he's feeling at that particular moment in time.

So our keywords are superior, servile, degrade, subservient and tranquillity.

Now the first one's been done for you.

I instantly knew him to be my superior.

So superior means to be higher in rank, status or quality.

So if we imagine Caliban meeting Prospero for the first time, we might imagine he would look at him and instantly see someone who has more wealth and more power than himself and therefore he knows him to be higher in rank, status or quality than himself.

So few things to remember.

Remember to write from Caliban's perspective.

So think about how Caliban would feel in each moment of the play, and think about which word might be most appropriate for that.

And remember to use I.

It's a monologue, so we're writing from Caliban's perspective.

So pause the video and write your sentences now.

Amazing work, everyone.

Let's talk through what you might have said.

So for servile, you might have said, I bit my tongue and plastered a servile smile on my face.

Now remember that Prospero has enslaved Caliban, and he threatens him with physical violence.

So we might imagine, Caliban has to hold himself back on many occasions to stop his anger and frustration leaking out, soon as bite his tongue.

Now servile means an excessive willingness to please.

So you might imagine that Caliban has to show an outward civility to Prospero in order to appease him.

Now if we consider how Caliban has been treated by Prospero, he's been enslaved, called many negative things, and threatened with physical violence, we might imagine he has no self worth left, and therefore, we might say I feel utterly degraded.

Now, subservient means you feel as if you're inferior to someone and that your wishes aren't important.

Again, if we think about how Caliban is treated during the play, we might imagine he feels if he isn't important at all.

So you might have said, my soul was crushed, I felt completely subservient.

Finally, tranquillity means relaxation and calm.

So you might imagine Caliban would feel this emotion at the end of the play.

So our sentence might be, a sense of tranquillity enveloped me.

Amazing work, everyone.

Now we're going to use our learnings in the first two learning cycles to help us fill in our planning sheet.

And then we're going to think about the structure of the monologue and how you can use your opening and closing sentences to enhance your work.

So in order to create a plan for our monologue, we're going to fill in this planning sheet together.

We're going to plan to have three paragraphs.

We're going to consider the tone of each paragraph.

Now, tone means the general mood.

So what would the general mood of each paragraph be? Which ambitious vocabulary could we use in each paragraph? And what will the first and last sentence each paragraph be? So first, we need to decide what the focus of our three paragraphs will be and what the corresponding tone of each paragraph will be.

So I'd like you to think back to the learning cycle 1, where we went through the plot points for Caliban and choose three of them that you'd like to use in your monologues.

I'd then like you to remind yourself what emotion you thought would go with that plot point and then use that information to fill in the first two columns of your planning sheet.

So pause the video and fill in your columns now.

Amazing work, everyone.

Now, your planning sheet should now look something like this.

So you might have chosen the moment that Prospero enslaves Caliban and forced him to obey him as the focus of your first paragraph.

And you might have said the general mood will be that of sadness and anger because Caliban is essentially now the property of Prospero and has no control over his life anymore.

For your second paragraph, you might have chosen to focus on the moment that Caliban convinced Stephano and Trunculo to help him overthrow Prospero.

But then their plan fails.

And you might've said that in this moment Caliban would have felt frustrated and trapped because he might've finally thought he could be free of Prospero, but now that hope has been dashed.

Finally, you might've picked the moment that Caliban has left alone in the island as the focus of your final paragraph.

And you might've said he would feel relief in this moment because he's finally able to be his own master again and have control over his own life.

Next, we need to fill in the third column of our planning sheet.

So for this, we need to choose a sentence that we made with our keywords and think about which plot point and tone it matches.

So look back on the task you completed for the second learning cycle where you wrote out four sentences using our keywords and think about which plot point they would match.

Now using ambitious vocabulary is only effective if it matches the tone and mood of the paragraph.

Otherwise it's jarring for the reader.

It means the voice you're trying to create isn't consistent.

So what I'd like you to do is think about which of the following sentences would fit with this plot point.

So the plot point is Prospero then enslaves Caliban and forces him to obey him through threats of physical violence.

So which sentence would fit? Is it either I bit my tongue and plastered a servile smile on my face or a sense of tranquillity enveloped.

Pause the video and make your selection now.

Correct answer is I bit my tongue and plastered a servile smile on my face.

That shows that Caliban is forcing himself to look as if he's willing to serve.

And that matches the point that Prospero has enslaved Caliban.

So Caliban is forced to obey Prospero even though he doesn't want to.

So now I'd like you to complete the third column of your planning sheet by adding in a sentence using our ambitious vocabulary that we used earlier.

Remember to match the tone of the paragraph with your ambitious vocabulary.

So pause the video and complete the column now.

Amazing work, everyone.

Your planning sheet should now look something like this.

So for your first paragraph, we think of the moment that Prospero enslaved Caliban, our ambitious vocabulary sentence might be, I bit my tongue and plastered a servile smile on my face.

Now, to enslave someone, that means you consider them your property and they're forced to obey you.

Servile means a willingness to please.

So we can absolutely imagine Caliban having to hold himself back and display outward civility in order to stop Prospero from threatening him with physical violence.

For your second paragraph, if we think of the moment that Caliban plotted with Stephano and Trinculo, but their plan failed, you might have chosen, my soul was crushed, I felt completely subservient.

In this moment, Caliban had probably felt all of his hopes disappear because he finally thought he'd an opportunity to be free of Prospero, but it came to nothing.

Subservient means you consider yourself beneath someone else and that your wishes aren't important.

At this point, Caliban's self-worth is probably so low, he would feel as if he didn't matter.

Finally, if we think of the moment that Caliban's left alone, you might have chosen a sense of tranquillity enveloped me.

Now the word envelope makes me think of a hug.

We might imagine that sense of relief and calm wrapping itself around Caliban when he's finally left alone and he's able to finally have control over his own life.

Now in order to create a convincing character voice, you also need to think about the first and last sentence of each paragraph.

You want to link these two sentences through an image or an idea to create a cohesive voice for Caliban.

Now, you can either do this by repeating a line or the last line echoing the first line.

So let's start by thinking about what images or ideas we might associate with certain plot points.

So let's take the moment that Prospero enslaves Caliban and forces him to obey.

What I'd like you to do is create a mind map around this plot point with images or feelings that you might associate with it.

So pause the video and create your mind map now.

Amazing, some great ideas there.

You might have had the idea of repetition in your head.

If you're carrying out chores for someone else, you have no control over your own life.

It's bound to feel repetitive because it's likely you'll be carrying out the same chores over and over again, especially on a small island.

You also might might've thought about the specific chores that Caliban might've been asked to do, such as fetching wood, and perhaps incorporating that into your paragraph to show what Caliban's life is like.

Finally, you also might've had the image of staring up at the sky.

We often think of the image of people staring up at the sky as a longing for freedom.

Because a sky represents somewhere away from earthly problems. We can very much imagine Caliban would be longing for that freedom to be away from Prospero.

Now what I'd like to do is have a go at creating a first and last sentence using one of those ideas.

So let's practise by looking at the idea of repetition.

You might start and end your paragraph with every day the same.

Now this shows just how repetitive and dull Caliban's life is by showing that every day is the same, not only through the words, but also through the structure by repeating the sentence at the beginning and end of the paragraph.

Now I'd like you to have a go.

So pause the video, choose an idea, and create a first and last sentence.

Amazing, everyone.

Now you might have chosen the idea of Caliban carrying out chores, and you might have said that your first end of the paragraph would be my arms ache from carrying wood.

And then the last end of your paragraph would be my back aches from carrying wood.

Now this not only emphasises how often he's made to carry the wood for Prospero, but it also shows how he's affecting him physically.

You've all done amazingly well, everyone.

We'll do our final task of the lesson.

So what I'd like you to do is create a first and last sentence that links the paragraph together.

Try to use repetition or the same image or idea.

So your paragraphs might be, number one, that Prosper enslaves Caliban and forced him to obey him.

Number two, Caliban convinces Stephano and Trinculo to help him overthrow Prospero, but the plot fails.

Number three, Caliban is left alone.

So how might you create a first and last sentence to really elevate the mood and the sense of those paragraphs? Pause the video and create your sentences now.

Amazing, fantastic ideas there.

I really liked how people were really consciously thinking about their words and even using dictionaries to try and make sure they had the best words possible to express the emotion they're trying to show.

So for your first paragraph, you might have had the sentence every day the same.

Now, we don't know exactly how long Caliban has been a slave to Prospero, but we know it's a long time.

So by repeating the sentence, every day the same, at both the beginning and the end of the paragraph, we're showing the audience just how dull and meaningless Caliban's life is because he's being forced to serve Prospero.

For your second paragraph then, you might open with the sentence anticipation coursed through me and finish with disappointment thudded through me.

Having these as the first and last sentence of this paragraph really emphasise the rollercoaster of emotions Caliban would've felt at the prospect of being free from Prospero and then to have it snatched away from him.

The idea of anticipation coursing through him.

It's as if he's almost fizzing with excitement and energy.

And then we have the opposite.

When his end with disappointment thudded through me.

Because to me, thud feels like a very heavy and solid word.

It would emphasise Caliban being brought back to reality and heavy, sad emotions within him.

For our final paragraph then with my open of the sentence, I could feel the heaviness begin to lift and finish with, the heaviness was gone.

We then have the same image of heaviness for our third paragraph, but in a way that shows the weight of the world is now lifting from Caliban's shoulders.

We might start with a tentative feeling of relief because perhaps he wouldn't quite trust it yet.

Then we might end on that moment of release and lightness 'cause he's finely accepted he's free from Prospero and his in control of his own life again.

You all did incredibly well today, everyone.

Here's a summary of what we covered.

A monologue needs to present Caliban's perspective and emotions.

A monologue should include ambitious vocabulary to help the audience understand the emotion, and a monologue should link the first and last sentence of each paragraph to help create a convincing character voice.

I really hope you enjoyed the lesson, everyone.

Goodbye.