Hello there.

Fantastic to see you today.

Thank you for joining me in today's lesson as we continue to look at myths, legends, and stories that inspire.

My name's Mr. Barnsley, and I'm really excited today as we continue looking at the story "One Thousand and One Nights" and the folklore which sits inside of it, "The Fisherman and the Jinni." In today's lesson, we are gonna be comparing how ideas of power have been presented in these two texts.

We are going to be doing some planning and writing of analytical paragraphs, and I'm really excited to see you come up with some ideas and then turn them into some really powerful pieces of analytical writing.

Now, this shouldn't be the first time you are reading these stories.

I would like you to have seen these stories before, so before you start, you do want to make sure you have read them.

And to do that, you are going to need access to Hanan Al-Shaykh's 2013 Bloomsbury edition of "One Thousand and One Nights." You're gonna need access to that because within there is also the story of "The Jinni and the Fisherman." So once you feel confident about those texts and you've got access to them, you've got them in front of you, then I think it's time for us to begin.

Let's get started.

Okay, let's look at today's outcome then, shall we? By the end of today's lesson, you are gonna be able to explore what "One Thousand and One Nights" teaches us about power, and we're gonna do that through some really succinct analytical writing.

So some key words that we're gonna look out for in today's lesson, we're gonna be using our methods, analysis, wit, single-paragraph outline, and a frame story.

Let's go through each of these individually and make sure we understand what they mean before we move on.

So methods are the tools that a writer might use to create their work.

So examples are a simile or an adjective, adverb.

All of those are examples of tools, methods that a writer uses to present their message.

Analysis, well, in English, this means looking at something really carefully and considering why it's been written in the way that it's been written.

Now, wit is one of the words that we're gonna use when we think about how power presents in this story.

And wit means humour, intelligence, and quick thinking.

Now, I said we're gonna do some analytical writing and we are gonna use single-paragraph outlines in our lesson.

These are ways of planning a paragraph which analyses a writer's work.

So it helps us to prepare the first and final sentences as well as thinking about which quotations we are gonna use to support our arguments.

And finally, a frame story, that's a reminder that it's a main story that surrounds shorter stories.

So in "One Thousand and One Nights", the story of Shahrazad is the frame story, and then the individual folk tale she tells, including "The Fisherman and the Jinni," they are supported by this frame story.

Okay, so they're all our keywords.

Let's keep an eye out for them in today's lesson.

So we are gonna be analysing power in "One Thousand and One Nights," and we're gonna do this by firstly planning our response using single-paragraph outlines, and then we're gonna move to writing some analytical paragraphs, some paragraphs which really zoom in on why and what the writer has done and how it's been effective.

But let's start with some planning.

So before we can do that, I want us to take a step outwards and start thinking about the idea of power.

And we're gonna start by drawing connections between the frame story of "One Thousand and One Nights" and "The Fisherman and the Jinni," which is one of the shorter folk tales that Shahrazad tells to her husband.

So two of our eight pupils, Sophia and Jacob, have started to think about the connections between the two.

And they said, in "One Thousand and One Nights," Shahrazad tells King Shahrayar a story.

And as a result of this, King Shahrayar puts off killing Shahrazad 'cause he wants to hear the rest of the story.

Now, they made links to "The Fisherman and the Jinni" because they said the fisherman tells the jinni a story.

And as a result of that story, the jinni learns a lesson from the story and he rewards the Fisherman rather than killing him as he was originally planning on doing.

So both Jacob and Sophia start to consider what these stories tell us about power.

Jacob said, "I think the frame story and 'The Fisherman and the Jinni' both show the power of stories and the power of storytelling." And Sophia said, "Well, I think the frame story and 'The Fisherman and the Jinni' show the power of quick thinking and wit and how actually that's much more powerful than physical power or status." Over to you, then, to think about what our two Oak pupils have said.

What do you think led them to these ideas? What examples can you think of from each of those stories? The frame story and the folk tale? What led them to come up with these two different ideas? Who do you agree with most and why? Do you think Jacob is right? That these are stories about the power of storytelling? Or do you think Sophia is right, or you're more inclined to agree with Sophia who thinks these stories are about the power of thinking quickly and thinking on your feet? And overall, what do you think the frame story and "The Fisherman and the Jinni" tell us about power? So three bullet points, three questions for you to be thinking about as you discuss.

If you've got a partner, you can discuss with them.

Otherwise, you are welcome to just think through these independently, even make a few notes if you wish.

All right, over to you now.

Pause the video, think through each of these three questions, and then press play when you're ready to continue.

Off you go.

Some really fantastic discussions there.

It was really interesting to hear how some of you agreed with Jacob and some of you agreed with Sophia and really nice that some of you even brought your own ideas about how these stories could link to the idea of power and what they're saying about power.

Now it's time for us to start thinking about how we can take these ideas, these discussions we've had, and start to put them down on paper and put them in a really confident and clear way.

So to do that, to do some analytical writing, we first need to plan and we are gonna use a single-paragraph outline, which is a way of developing our ideas in preparation for writing those paragraph and it looks something like this.

There are three sections to a single-paragraph outline: a topic sentence, supporting evidence, and a concluding sentence.

Now our topic sentence is the first sentence of a paragraph.

It states the main idea.

It tells us what this paragraph is gonna focus on.

And when we're planning, we should always try and write this as a full sentence.

And then our supporting evidence is references to the text.

So maybe quotations or ideas from the stories that support our arguments.

Now these can be written in note form.

We don't need to write these in full.

We can just make a few notes that are gonna remind us.

And our final concluding sentence really sums up all of our ideas.

It should link back to the topic sentence.

It should really make it clear to our reader what they have learned or they should have learned through reading our analytical paragraph.

And again, I would always write this as a full sentence.

Now let's watch Jacob as he develops his idea about "One Thousand and One Nights" using the single-paragraph outline.

So he starts by writing a topic sentence and he writes a full sentence here.

He says, "The frame narrative and 'The Fisherman and the Jinni' both show the power of stories and storytelling." This is a really clear topic sentence.

It tells me everything in this paragraph is gonna be focusing on the power of stories and storytelling.

But next, Jacob needs to find some supporting evidence, some evidence from both texts which prove that, that prove that these are stories about the power of storytelling.

So let's have a look at some of the evidence that he picks.

He talks about how the king has power over life and death, but it's Shahrazad's stories that eventually show they are more powerful.

Shahrazad compares not finishing a story to abandoning a person in a boat without oars, leaving them at sea.

And that similarly that she uses on page 24 really shows just how powerful stories can be.

Without a resolution, people feel like they're abandoned at sea, they're hopeless.

And we can link this to the story of "The Fisherman and the Jinni" because the jinni realises he was being unjust, he was being unfair by contemplating killing the Fisherman.

And he only realises this because he hears the fisherman's story.

So we know that both the fisherman and Shahrazad both stay alive because of the stories.

So you can see there Jacob has taken lots of ideas from the section of the text that we have read and he just picks the key ideas that really help support his argument about the power of storytelling.

So let's have a look at his concluding sentence.

So Jacob says, "Ultimately 'One Thousand and One Nights' presents those who are vulnerable as using stories to overpower those who are more powerful." Really kind of summarising everything that's his argument there and linking back to that original topic sentence.

This is a really, really strong plan.

I don't know about you, but if I had this plan in front of me, I think I would feel really confident about writing a paragraph with this plan in front of me.

All right, let's pause for a moment and check to see how we're getting on, check that we're understanding everything that we've covered so far in today's lesson.

True or false, in a single paragraph outline, everything can be written in note form? Is that true or false? Pause the video, have a think and press play when you think you've got the right idea.

Well done if you said that was false.

Now let's justify that.

Is it A, topic sentences and concluding sentences should be written in full sentences? Or is it B, supporting detail should be written in full sentences? Pause video, have a think, and press play when you think you've got the right answer.

Yeah, really great work if you said A, our topic sentences and our concluding sentences, they're only individual sentences.

We should try and write them in full sentences just so we can really kind of bookend our planning and know the journey that we're going on.

Supporting details, that can be in note form.

'cause ultimately that middle section of our essay, sorry, that middle section of our plan is gonna form the majority of our paragraph.

So actually, we don't want to write that in full sentences, otherwise we might as well write our full sentence out and that is not, sorry, our full paragraph out and that is not what a plan is for.

Okay then, over to you for our first task in today's lesson.

So we saw Jacob's plan and now we are gonna support Sophia in completing her single-paragraph outline.

Now you are gonna do that by selecting supporting evidence from Hanan Al-Shaykh's "One Thousand and One Nights." And the pages we're gonna be looking at are between page 12 and page 24.

Now the pages that that might be particularly useful for you are between 16 and 18, page 21 and 23.

But you are welcome to find evidence from anywhere in those pages that we have read together.

So let's have a look at Sophia's single-paragraph outline because she has started it.

She's got her topic sentence and that is, "'One Thousand and One Nights' shows the power of quick thinking and wit over physical power or status." So the evidence that you are gonna want to find is evidence that is gonna prove Sophia's argument that these are texts about, or these are stories about, the power of thinking on your feet, being really quick with your thinking, trying to be sharp.

Wit, that's so much more powerful than being physically strong or having lots of status.

All right, over to you.

You're gonna want the text in front of you, and now it is time to help Sophia find evidence to put in her plan.

Pause the video, give it a go, and press play when you're ready to continue.

Okay, welcome back.

Really great work, then.

It was fantastic to see you looking at the text so closely.

Well done.

All right, let's have a look at two quotations Sophia selected.

The first one she selected was that Jinni takes giant strides towards the fisherman and the fisherman quickly asks him a question about fitting in the jar from page 16.

She also wants to talk about how King Shahrayar was addicted to Shahrazad's stories.

What I'd like you to do is I'd like you to think about why might each of these quotations prove Sophia's topic sentence.

Why do each of these show the power of quick thinking over physical power or status? And which of your quotations, if you were gonna offer Sophia a third, because it's always nice if we can, to try and aim for three pieces of supporting evidence, which of yours do you think would work really well in comparison to the two that Sophia has picked? All right, pause, have a discuss with a partner if you've got one, otherwise, take a few moments, just think through these two bullet points independently.

All right, pause the video, give it a go, and press play when you're ready to move on.

Welcome back.

We've done some really fantastic focusing there on planning.

Now, it's time to put this into action and write some analytical paragraphs.

So Sophia used her single-paragraph outline, the one that we helped to plan to write her analytical paragraph, and this is what she wrote.

She wrote, "'One Thousand and One Nights' shows the power of quick thinking and wit over physical power or status.

We see this both in the frame story and in the folktale, "The Fisherman and the Jinni." For example, when the supernatural jinni takes a giant stride towards the defenceless fisherman, he quickly asked the jinni a question about fitting into the jar.

The fisherman couldn't physically overpower the jinni, but his intelligence means he's now in a more dominant position.

This is reflected in the frame story where Shahrazad also establishes her dominance as the king becomes addicted to her stories.

This adjective shows he cannot live without them, and this means Shahrazad gets to live.

Ultimately, Shahrazad and the fisherman's intelligence saves them from those who wish to harm them." Let's have a look at how this matches up with the plan that we created.

So we can see that opening sentence is our topic sentence.

It tells us that everything in this paragraph is gonna focus on quick thinking and wit.

Now in the middle, you can see the majority of this is the analysis of the supporting references.

So all of that evidence we found, you can see we are now taking from note form and turning into full sentences.

We are telling us how it supports our argument and we're exploring some of the methods used.

So you can see Sophia talks about that adjective addictive and really explains how that shows how Shahrazad has actually got power over the king.

And finally, we've got that concluding sentence.

This is gonna wrap up, sum up all of our argument, making sure that our reader clearly knows what we have been trying to put across them in our analytical paragraph.

Okay then, so a pupil wants to refer to the idea that King Shahrayar says that Shahrazad is formidable at telling stories.

That's on page 24.

Which do you think is the best analysis of this quotation? Is it that this quotation shows that Shahrazad is very powerful, even though King Shahrayar is more powerful? For example, it says the king orders people round.

Is it B, this adjective develops the idea that Shahrazad's stories are impressive? Instead of being a vulnerable character, she's presented as powerful, even when faced with a threat of death.

Is it C, the word formidable means impressive or powerful? This word is used to show that Shahrazad is impressive and powerful.

Pause the video.

Have a think.

Which is the most successful analysis of the word formidable, A, B, or C? Pause the video, have a think and press play when you think you've got the right answer.

Welcome back.

Well done if you said B.

I think A is slightly problematic 'cause whilst it does focus on the fact that the word formidable means powerful, it then kind of contradicts itself by saying, Well, actually the king is still more powerful." And that's not the argument we're trying to make here.

In C, it does focus on the word formidable and what it means, it means impressive or powerful, but then it kind of just repeats itself and says, "Okay, well then, this must mean Shahrazad is impressive or powerful." The reason why B was the most successful, well, actually there's a few reasons.

Firstly, I really liked how it focused on, it said that used the term adjective.

Yes, quotation is fine.

Yes, formidable is a word, but actually we're being really selective and saying, well, actually formidable is an adjective.

So why don't I say that? Why don't I recognise that it's an adjective? And here you can see there is more than one interpretation of what it means.

Firstly, it shows that Shahrazad's stories are impressive, but it also then builds on that by saying, actually this presents her, while she should be a vulnerable character, she's been threatened with death, actually, she's been presented as really powerful and she's got power over this man who has been threatening her with death.

So really well done if you picked B as being our most successful analysis of that quotation.

All right, then I think it's time for us to do some analytical writing ourselves.

So we are gonna try and write two analytical paragraphs about power in "One Thousand and One Nights." Firstly, you're gonna write up the paragraph we planned in learning cycle one.

That was Sophia's plan and that was all focused on being quick witted, okay, and thinking, using your intelligence.

And then you're gonna plan and write a second paragraph.

If you would like to, you could use Jacob's topic sentence and planning grid.

So if you want to focus on your second paragraph about the power of stories and Jacob's idea that we've looked at, you can.

But if you have another idea, if there's something else you want to talk about relating to power, then you can write a second paragraph of your own.

All right, I'm really excited to see what you write here.

I've been really, really impressed with your planning and your discussion so far, and now I think you have all the tools to go away and do some analytical writing.

So pause the video, give this your best shot, and press play when you think you are done.

Welcome back.

It was really fantastic to see you writing with such confidence there.

Confident writing often comes from taking the time to think carefully and plan carefully.

So it was great to see so many of you feeling really confident in your writing there and a really extra special well done to those of you who checked your spelling, punctuation, and grammar before you put your pen down.

All right, before we finish today's lesson, I want to take a moment of reflection and I want us to reread our work and identify where you've met the following checklist.

In both of your analytical paragraphs.

Can you identify where your paragraphs starts with a topic sentence with a really clear idea? Can you identify where you've used quotations from the text that have been analysed with a reference to methods? And can you also identify where your paragraph ends with a really strong concluding sentence that summarises your argument? Okay, pause the video, reread your work, and identify where you've hit the success criteria.

And if there's anything you haven't hit, now is the time to make your improvements.

Okay, over to you.

Right, that's it.

We've reached the end of today's lesson.

Some really, really excellent work today.

I'm really proud of you.

On the screen, you can see a summary of all the learning that we've covered today.

Let's quickly go through that together so you can feel really confident before you move on to your next lesson.

We've learned that you can make connections between the frame story of "One Thousand and One Nights" and the folk tales themselves.

We've learned that the frame story and "The Fisherman and the Jinni" both explore ideas about power.

You could argue that the frame story and "The Fisherman and the Jinni" show that the power of stories and storytelling over status or physical power.

Now, single-paragraph outlines are a way of planning an analytical paragraph and analytical paragraphs should include a comment on the methods a writer has used to create their work.

Thank you so much for joining me in today's lesson.

I've really enjoyed learning alongside you, and I do hope to see you in one of our lessons again in the future.

All right, bye-bye for now.