Hello and welcome to today's lesson.

My name is Ms. Watson and I'm delighted that you have decided to join me today.

We are going to be reading chapter one of "Lord of the Flies." And I'm gonna be honest with you, "Lord of the Flies" is probably my favourite novel.

I still remember the first time I read it.

It is a really important and really moving text.

I hope you enjoy reading it too.

Now you are going to need your own copy of the novel because you are gonna be doing lots of lovely independent reading.

You need the addition that is published by Faber and Faber with the publication date of the 3rd of March, 1997.

So when you are ready, we'll get started.

So the outcome of today's lesson is that you will be able to explain how characters and objects are presented in chapter one of "Lord of the Flies." We're gonna begin with the key words.

They are stranded, which means unable to leave somewhere.

Uninhabited.

An uninhabited place has no people living in it.

A conch, which is a large spiral shell.

That is going to be very, very important in the novel.

To summon, which means to call someone to a particular place.

And then we have characterization, which is a method and it's the method by which a writer represents people, represents someone, using description and speech.

If you'd like a little bit more time to familiarise yourself with the key words, please feel free to pause the video, do that now, and then return to the lesson when you are ready.

So here is the lesson outline.

There are two learning cycles.

We are going to start by looking at the characters, Ralph, Piggy, and Jack.

And then we are going to look at two of the key objects in chapter one, the conch and the knife.

So let's get going.

Now I'd like to give you some information that you will need to really understand what is going on in chapter one.

It's a sort of summary of the beginning of the plot.

So basically "Lord of the Flies" tells the story of a group of British school boys who, following a plane crash, become stranded on an uninhabited island.

The boys are all from different schools and that is significant because they're gonna have to, they're strangers to each other and they're gonna have to find out about each other at the same time we are finding out about them.

Now, imagine yourself in that position.

I want you to do a little bit of imaginative empathy as you think about what it would be like to be in that situation, what might you feel? What do you think your first priority would be? What you would be most worried about, and how you might respond to the strangers on the island.

Now what I'd like you to do is to pause the video while you have that discussion.

And if you are working on your own, just jot down some ideas.

So pause the video and off you go.

Welcome back.

I hope you enjoyed thinking about that situation.

I'd like to share with you what the Oak pupils said.

Now Izzy thought that it would be terrifying and I'm inclined to agree with her, but she went on to say this, that it would also be a bit like a miracle and that, "I would feel lucky "to have survived the plane crash," she said.

So that's interesting.

I didn't think about it being like a miracle, but yes you would.

You would feel really, really lucky that you were still alive.

And then she said she would want to explore.

So there's an adventurous element going on here.

Jacob said that he would be worried about food and shelter and he would be making plans to be getting rescued as soon as possible.

So that's clearly Jacob's priority is about getting rescued.

I'd like you to compare your ideas with theirs.

So what we're gonna do now is we're gonna meet some of Golding's characters and see how they respond to this new situation.

You are gonna need a copy of "Lord of Flies" for this lesson.

You need the Faber and Faber edition, publication date, 3rd of March, 1997.

And I would like you to read chapter one.

It starts on page one and it finishes on page 29.

So in this chapter, the boys group together and they explore the island.

And I want you really to be thinking about the characters of Ralph, Piggy, and Jack.

How did they respond to being on the island? How do they respond to each other? Happy reading.

I'm so looking forward to hearing what you make of the characters and what you make of the first chapter of this novel.

So pause the video now and off you go.

So, welcome back.

I hope you enjoyed reading that chapter.

I was just thinking about some of my favourite parts of that chapter.

I love it when they find the conch and how beautifully it's described.

And I also like that bit when Jack arrives with his choir and they're marching in like a really orderly crocodile, which seems so strange given they're on an island.

So many lovely bits in that chapter.

Let's have a check for understanding.

So below in the left hand side of the grid are the main events of chapter one, but they're in the wrong order.

I'm gonna read them out to you and I want you to think about what is the right order.

Ralph is elected chief.

He says Jack can be the hunter.

Ralph, Jack, and Simon explore the island.

Piggy is sad to be left behind.

Jack attempts to kill the pig, but cannot bring himself to do it.

Ralph and Piggy meet, Piggy explains about the plane crash and the conch.

Ralph uses the conch to summon all the other children on the island.

So have a think about which is the right order.

You can pause the video while you do that.

So welcome back.

I'm going to give you the right order and you can see whether you got it right.

So Ralph and Piggy meet and Piggy explains about the plane crash and the conch.

He's seen a conch before in his neighbourhood where he lives and he was watching the plane crash and he saw that it was on fire.

So he knows a lot about the accident.

And Ralph uses the conch to summon all the other children on the island.

It makes that splendid sound when he blows through the horn.

Ralph is elected chief.

Jack wants to be chief, but Ralph gets the votes and he says that Jack can be the hunter and he does this as a way of making Jack feel better about not winning the vote to be Chief.

Ralph, Jack, and Simon explore the island and Piggy is sad to be left behind.

He feels that he's actually contributed a lot.

He's found the conch, he's shown Ralph how to use the conch and now he's being left out.

And then we have the pig.

Jack attempts to kill the pig, but he cannot bring himself to do it.

He cannot use, he's got the knife but he cannot bring himself to hurt this living, squealing, running thing.

So that's the right order.

Let's move on.

So now we're going to look at the characterization of Ralph, Piggy, and Jack.

Characterization is a method used by a writer and there are four key ways that characters are created by writers, and they are this: What they look like, could be hair colour or style or their clothes.

It could be their height.

It's how they speak.

It could be things like their accent, but it could also be what they talk about.

You can tell a lot about a character from what they talk about, what topics interest them.

How they behave, the way they move or they sit or the way they stand, but also their interactions with other characters.

And how other characters respond to them.

That will be a clue to whether they are likeable people or whether they seem scary or kind.

Now let's have a check for understanding.

On the left, there are the four characterization methods, how they look, how they speak, how they behave, how other characters respond.

And I would like you to match them with the correct sentences on the right.

You can pause the video while you do that.

Off you go.

So, welcome back.

Let's see what you did.

How they look.

That should be matched with, "The boy's brown hair "was pulled back tight from his face." How they speak.

That should be matched with, "He talked on and on, his voice as droning as a beehive." How they behave.

That should go with "He lined his books up like a neat "row of soldiers." We could tell a lot about a character who lines his books up like that.

How other characters respond.

"The moment he walked into the room, "everyone in the office jumped up." We can tell that this is quite a scary character from how those characters are responding.

Very well done.

Let's move on.

Now I would like you to show your understanding of how Ralph, Piggy, and Jack are characterised in a little bit more detail.

I'd like you to use this grid.

Can you see along the top it has the name of the character, then it has looks, speech, behaviour, and responses.

That's the responses of other characters.

You're going to go back into chapter one and you are going to find some details to support your understanding of how Golding has used these methods of look, speech, behaviour, and responses to characterise Ralph, Piggy, and Jack.

You're going to need to pause the video while you do that.

So pause it now and off you go.

Welcome back.

Really, really good focus there.

I'm very impressed.

I can tell you're enjoying this novel.

You might have written something like this.

So for Ralph you might have said that he's fair haired and he's athletic.

You remember how much he enjoys the swimming? And that he's confident and when he speaks he uses standard English.

He swims and he stands on his head with excitement.

And the responses of the other characters tell you a lot.

He's chosen as leader.

He's already, although they don't know him yet, there's something about him that they like and admire.

Now Piggy has poor eyesight and he's also overweight and he's very informed, he's very knowledgeable, Piggy.

He knows about the conch and he makes grammatical errors when he speaks and he's very practical.

He starts to list the boys' names.

And he's mocked and called names.

The fact that he's overweight makes him a target for that bullying.

And he actually reveals that he has been bullied in the same way in the past.

Now we come onto Jack.

Jack wears a cloak and he has a gold badge.

There's something impressive about Jack's appearance.

And he uses a lot of imperatives.

He shouts at his choir.

And he jumps onto the rock and he tries to kill the pig.

He's got quite a lot of athleticism in him as well.

And the choir obey him, but they don't like him.

And that is an interesting distinction that Golding is making.

Now, before we move on, I want you to consider this question.

Which of those three characters seem powerful? Make your choice.

Yes, Ralph and Jack for different reasons, but they both seem to have a power in themselves and over other people.

Well done.

Let's move on.

So we are making really good progress.

You've read chapter one of "Lord of the Flies" and you've explored the characters of Ralph, Piggy, and Jack.

And now we are going to look at the two objects, the conch and the knife.

So chapter one introduces us to two key objects and I want you to have a discussion about them.

This is some questions I'd like you to talk about.

What does Golding tell us about the two objects? And here's a hint.

Think about where the objects come from and think about how they are used.

If you are on your own, just pause the video while you jot down some notes.

And if you are working in the classroom, pause the video and have that discussion.

Off you go.

So, welcome back.

I'm gonna share some ideas with you.

You might have said something like this, that the conch is found on the island.

That it is described as beautiful, that it is natural, that it is useful.

It summons the children, or Jack uses it to summon the children.

It would be worth money off the island.

And about Jack's knife, it is brought from off the island, it comes from somewhere else.

It is manmade.

It is used to slash at the flowers.

It is used in an attempt to kill the pig.

And it belongs to Jack.

Only belongs to Jack.

The conch doesn't really belong to anybody.

Let's have a check for understanding.

The two key objects in chapter one are directly contrasted with each other.

Is that true or false? It's true.

Well done.

But I'd like you to justify your answer.

Is it true because of A, the conch is presented as a natural item that belongs in the island setting, whereas the knife is alien to the environment? Or is it B? The conch is presented as valuable and we can assume that Jack's knife cost a lot of money too.

Have a think, make your choice.

It's A, the conch is a natural part of the island.

Very well done.

Let's move on.

Now, I'd like you to continue thinking about those two objects, the conch and jack's knife.

And I want you to discuss this question, which of those objects is the more powerful, the conch or jack's knife? And why do you think Golding included those objects in his novel? To help you with your discussion, I've given you some questions, some further questions to help you consider.

Think about this.

What can the object be used for and what do the boys most need on the island? And a little bit of a hint, think back to the first task of this lesson where you discussed how you might feel being on that island.

You're gonna need to pause the video to have that discussion.

Again, if you're working on your own, just pause the video and make some notes.

Off you go.

Happy discussions.

Welcome back.

I really hope you enjoyed that discussion.

There's so much to say, isn't there, about those two items? Now this is what the Oak pupils said.

I'd like to share their ideas with you.

Izzy said that the conch brought them together and that holding the conch makes Ralph seem powerful.

And she also said that the conch is natural.

So it might be that Golding is saying that some people are natural leaders.

She's definitely right, in that she has picked up on the fact that the holding of the conch is one of the reasons that Ralph is assumed to have authority.

Now, Jacob said that the knife could be used for preparing food and building shelter, really practical things that the boys are going to need to do, but he adds that we could see that it could kill and that maybe Golding wants us to know that weapons are dangerous.

Remember that Golding saw military service.

He was in the Navy during the war, so he definitely knew about the dangers of weapons.

Really, really well done.

Now I'd like you to think about this.

Were your ideas similar to Izzy and Jacobs, and which of those ideas align the most with yours? You can pause the video while you have a little bit of a think about that, to what extent you agree with Izzy of Jacob.

And then please rejoin me for the end of the lesson.

So, we've come to the end of the lesson.

Before we say goodbye, I would like to summarise what you have been learning today.

You have learned that in chapter one of "Lord of the Flies," we meet the characters, Ralph, Piggy, and Jack and you've learned that they have contrasting personalities.

You've learned that Piggy seems to be the weakest of the three characters because he has a number of physical ailments.

You've learned that Ralph uses the conch, which is this beautiful shell, to summon the other children on the island.

Both Jack and Ralph want to be leader and Ralph is elected.

And you've also learned that Jack uses his knife to try to kill a pig, but he is unable to strike the blow.

It has been a real pleasure teaching you today.

I hope you enjoyed the lesson.

I wish you a very good rest of the day, and I look forward to seeing you in another lesson about "Lord of the Flies." Bye for now.