Hi, everyone, it's Mr. Chandrapala here and I'm really looking forward to be working with you today.

Today we're gonna be looking at Golding's use of setting in "Lord of the Flies".

Setting is used so frequently in novels and in all texts really to communicate ideas about what the writer is trying to tell us as an audience.

Golding is no different and uses the setting of the island to really develop an idea of what society could look like and the corruptive potential of humanity in society.

Let's dive in and explore further.

So our outcome for today's lesson is that we can explain how the settings represent the characters.

Our keywords include the noun utopia, which is a perfect or idealistic world, like a paradise.

Our verb is foreshadow, it's a literary technique, which means when the writer makes subtle hints about future events.

We're also gonna be considering the concept of devolution, which is a descent into a lower or worse state.

And we're gonna be looking at the verb to corrupt, to change someone from moral to immoral.

So we're gonna start off by looking at foreshadowing through setting.

Here are some of the words Golding uses to describe the island in Chapter 1.

So we can see enchantment, glittering, invaded, thrust, shadowy, dazzling, decaying, lagoon, broken, darkness, shimmering, endless.

These words are all linked to setting.

But I want you to start off by dividing these words into two groups.

I then want you to give each group a title that represents the words within them.

So, and you can do this in partners, or if you're working by yourself, you can do this alone.

But using all of these words on the board, I would like you just very quickly to divide them into two groups and provide a title.

Then when you've done that, hit play.

Excellent work there, everyone.

Let's have a discussion.

So Sophia looked at this and said, "Well, I'm gonna divide this into two groups.

On one hand, I'm gonna have the island as a utopia.

And that will be enchantment, glittering, dazzling, lagoon, shivering and endless.

But then there's the suggestion that the island is dangerous.

Words like invaded, thrust, shadowy, decaying, broken, darkness." What could this contrasting imagery represent or foreshadow in the novel? What could Golding be using that contrasting imagery to demonstrate or to hint at for later in the text? Once you've had that discussion, hit play.

Some fascinating ideas.

And what I'm really pleased about is the fact that so many of you are linking your wider understanding of the novel to the way that we understand this part of the text.

So you might have said, as Aisha did that, "The contrasting imagery could represent the idea that although that the island is incredibly beautiful, it has a capacity to be very harmful and dangerous, much like mankind." Or as Andeep points out that, "The contrasting imagery could represent some of the novel's key themes: the duplicity of man, good versus evil, civilization versus savagery, or light versus darkness." All I would like you to do now is to just have a quick check for understanding here.

Which of the novel's key themes could the contrasting imagery in the description of the island represent? Is it A, civilization versus savagery, B, leadership, C, good versus evil, or D, nature.

I'm going to suggest that you pick two options here.

Think really carefully about what we've just been talking about, that idea of contrast often meaning that we need to have two ideas.

Pause the video, select from A, B, C, or D, remembering that you need to pick two options.

And when you've done that, hit play.

Well done, everyone.

So we can clearly see that A and C, civilization versus savagery and good versus evil are the are key themes that are developed by that contrasting imagery within the text.

Let's just have a look at some close text analysis of Golding's initial description of the island.

As we're doing so I want you to consider what are the connotations of the word shadowy? How does the word shadowy reflect some of the novel's key themes? So you may want to think about shadowy and you may consider darkness, which could represent the darkness inside man.

What other connotations are there of shadowy? Pause the video, have that discussion, see if you can mind map any extra ideas onto your notes.

And once you've done that, hit play.

Well done, everyone, a really sparkling range of ideas there.

So we've got the fact that shadowy could also suggest that something is hidden, which could represent the idea that man conceals an innate evil within himself, or the fact that shadowy suggests an element of threat.

The fact that there's a sense of threat that lurks on the island much in the way that actually our humanity, there is a threat that we could turn immoral or we could turn somewhat evil.

Shadowy also suggest that something is not fully light but also not fully dark, it's shaded.

It could represent the morality of some of the characters in the novel, somewhere in between in an unknown space.

So what we're going to do here is we're going to practise using and applying our knowledge of the text.

I would like you to choose three other words from either side of the table, so either that utopian side or that more dangerous, threatening side.

And I would like you to perform a bit of close text analysis on them, exploring how they link to themes of the text and link to characters in the text and foreshadow the events of the text.

Just a reminder that you can use any of the words in group A.

So the island has a utopia such as enchantment, glittering, dazzling, lagoon, shimmering or endless, or group B, the island is dangerous, invaded, thrust, shadowy, decaying, broken, darkness.

I personally would probably go for two from dangerous and a one from utopia, but actually bearing in mind that we've already done shadowy, maybe it's best to do two from utopia and a one from dangerous.

So that we have that even split.

Pause the video now, have a go at doing that yourself.

And when you've done that, hit play and we'll take some feedback.

Excellent work there everyone.

Some really considered ideas.

Let's take some feedback.

So Aisha was doing the same exercise and came up with a few different ideas.

She looked at the word decaying from the more dangerous side and said, "Well, decaying has links to corruption, greed, and egotism has corrupted the boys, especially Ralph, who had once been 'golden'.

We also know that decay represents the island after the boys arrive on it.

They slowly destroy the island with their fires, hunting and war.

It could also represent the decaying morality and civilization.

The fact that the boy's sense of right and wrong is slowly dissipating.

They're in a state of moral and societal devolution." Andeep did the same exercise and came up with a couple of ideas.

You may want to take some notes here.

So he looked at the word dazzling, which suggests that there's a magical nature to the island.

It shows the natural beauty that the boys eventually destroy.

He also pointed out that dazzling links to that idea of brightness and purity.

So it could be representative of the boys' innocence before they begin their descent into savagery and barbarism.

We could also consider the fact that there is the suggestion that the beach is so dazzling that it is almost blinding.

Again, this links to the idea that seemingly beautiful and pure things can do immense harm and damage.

We've looked at foreshadowing through setting.

We're now going to consider environmental destruction through Golding's use of setting in the text.

So the island that the boys find themselves on was previously uninhabited.

Throughout the novel, the boys slowly consume and destroy the island in the same way that they destroy one another.

What is the first example though of damage to the island that the boys cause? Pause the video and discuss this in your partners.

Maybe use your text to support you.

And once you've done so, hit play.

Some excellent discussions and some excellent choices.

People going back through the text to support their ideas.

So for example, we have in Chapter 1, on the very first page, we learned that the plane crash has smashed through the jungle, leaving an enormous scar.

Golding describes the broken trees and shaken foliage.

How does this damage foreshadow later events in the novel though? Pause the video now and discuss how this damage foreshadows later events and when you've done so, hit play.

Well done, everyone, some really thoughtful contributions there on how this damage foreshadows later events in the novel and the idea that actually things start to fall apart and that society breaks down as well.

So from the very beginning we see the boys' capacity for the destruction and damage.

We see the unnatural consequences of humankind on the untouched island, which could foreshadow the declining humanity and the disturbing behaviours they begin to exhibit.

So let's just have a quick check for understanding here.

What does the scar that the plane crash leaves represent? Is it A, the damage the boys will cause one another.

B, the destruction of the natural environment.

C, the wounds of the crash injuries.

Or D, the youth and innocence of the marooned boys.

Pause the video now and select one of those four options and when you've done so, hit play.

Excellent work, really glad people are checking back in with the text.

It is option A and option B.

The damage the boys will cause one another and the destruction of the natural environment.

But what other damage do the boys cause to the island? Can we think of any other moments where they seem to hurt the environment they are in? Pause the video, see if you can link back to your text, if you can find any specific evidence.

And when you've done so, hit play.

Excellent work there, everyone.

Really thoughtful and clear checking back.

Remember these texts are what you should be using as we're starting to break this work down.

So you might have said the fact that they set the part of the island on fire, the fact that they hunt and violate the pigs on the island, they use the island's natural resources for weapons and equipment.

They set fires to the island again to smoke Ralph out of hiding.

Can you find quotations to support one of these statements? Pause the video, find evidence to support just one of those statements and when you've done so, hit play.

So on the boys' first expedition in Chapter 1, the boys push an enormous rock of a cliff, which creates a deep crater in the forest.

The boys shout with glee and remarked that the rock was similar to a bomb.

Why do we think Golding uses the word bomb here? What does it remind us of? What does it tell us about the boys, if in their playfulness they create or they look to use or imitate a bomb? Pause the video, have that discussion and then come back.

Some lovely ideas there, everyone.

So if we're thinking about the fact that Golding uses the word bomb there, it seems reminiscent of a war.

We know that the novel was set against the backdrop of World War II and written as an exploration of human cruelty.

Perhaps Golding uses the word bomb as a reminder of the ultimate display of human cruelty and the lack of respect for life, war.

In the beginning of the novel, Golding describes the environment as being thick with many butterflies.

By the end of the novel we learn that nothing has survived and is prospering anymore except for the copious amount of flies.

Why do you think Golding describes the environmental destruction that the boys cause? Even think about the novel's title, rather than Lord of the Butterflies, it's "Lord of the Flies".

Butterflies associated with beauty and a sense of new life.

How does that contrast with "Lord of the Flies"? Pause the video.

Consider, why do we think Golding describes the environmental destruction that the boys cause? What is he trying to communicate to us as an audience? When you've done so, hit play.

Some lovely thinking there from a lot of you.

So from the very beginning we see that the boys' tendencies towards destruction and violence.

Initially this violence was perpetrated against the environment, something the boys clearly have little respect for.

However, as the novel proceeds, the boys' violence escalate in turns inwards on the group.

They start attacking each other.

And then we have some of Golding descriptions of the island at the end of the novel.

It's monstrous, it's smashed, it's awful, it's split, it's black, it's wild.

How does this description of the island at the end reflect the condition and behaviour of the boys? Pause the video.

Why do we think that there is a link between how the environment is presented and what we know happens, or how the boys are viewed their savagery, their barbaric nature? Why do we think that's done? Pause the video, have that discussion in your pairs or jot down some ideas and then when you're ready, hit play.

Excellent work there, everyone.

So the savagery of the boys has corrupted nature itself, which is presented like an enemy to Ralph when he flees Jack's hunters.

Golding's language choices represent the moral decay of the boys and their commitment to savagery.

So all we're going to do here is we're going to compare Golding's description of the island at the beginning of the novel with a description at the end of the novel.

I want you to explain how he uses setting to reflect the condition of the boys.

For example, you may wish to compare Golding's description of the island as glittering at the beginning compared to it being smashed at the end.

As you're doing so, I want you to make sure that you're using comparative connective to show comparison.

So that includes words like however, whilst, similarly, in contrast, alternatively, and yet.

Pause the video now and have a chance to practise that task for yourself.

And when you've done so, hit play and we'll take some feedback.

So let's take some feedback.

Here's what Sophia wrote, "In the beginning of the novel Golding describes the island as a utopian paradise.

Golding describes the glittering and dazzling natural environment.

Here, the word glittering has connotations of magic and enchantment, showing how breathtaking the natural beauty of the island is.

Glittering also has connotations of brightness, which could be representative of the boys' purity and innocence when they first arrive at the island.

However, by the end of the novel, the boys have destroyed the island to the point where it has become smashed and black.

Here the colour black could represent the darkness that has consumed the boys and corrupted their innocence.

Thus, Golding uses the island to reflect the condition of the boys and exemplify mankind's capacity for destruction and damage." Sophia has linked her analysis back to Golding's message about humanity.

Have you done this in the response? Have a look at your closing sentence for your argument and see if you've made sure to link back to the writer's message.

If you've not done so, add that in a different colour.

Pause the video, make sure that you've had a look at that feedback, and when you've done so, hit play.

Well done, everyone.

I'm really pleased to see that you are so diligent in taking feedback.

It's really gonna make a difference for how we understand this text and how we approach writing these analytical answers.

So let's just summarise our understanding about Golding's use of setting in "Lord of the Flies".

Golding uses contrasting imagery to present the island as a utopian paradise that has corruptive potential.

Golding uses the setting to reflect the condition of the boys.

Arguably, Golding uses the setting to foreshadow the boys' descent into savagery by the end of the novel.

By the end of the novel, the island is unrecognisable due to environmental damage the boys have caused.

The boys harm their environment as much as they harm each other, showing mankind capacity for destruction.

It's really important to be able to consider setting within the text and it's a really easy method, even, to track ideas across, over the course of the work.

I hope you've enjoyed today's lesson and I hope you've been able to take a little bit away from it.

I've really enjoyed working with you today and I hope to work with you again very soon.

Bye for now, everyone.