Hi everyone, it's Mr. Chandrapala here and I'm so looking forward to working with you today as we look at Piggy in "Lord of the Flies." Piggy is one of the characters that I was most drawn to when I read "Lord of the Flies" the first time.

I think he is such an important character for us to understand because he really gets us into thinking about actually how we isolate others who are maybe different from ourselves but also the fact that actually we need to be really careful about who we isolate because they have so much that is of such value.

Piggy I think, says so much that is really interesting and thoughtful and is ignored by the boys because of the fact that he's considered different.

I'm really looking forward to talking about this with you today.

Let's dive in.

So our outcome for today's lesson is that we can explain the significance of Piggy's death in the novel.

Our keywords include the verb to ostracise, so which means to intentionally not include someone in the social group or activity.

We're gonna be having a consideration around the adjective pragmatic, which means to deal with things in a sensible and realistic way.

We'll consider the noun irony, which is using language to express them opposite of what is expected, for humour.

We'll be looking at the process of dehumanisation a verb, which means to deprive someone of their human qualities.

And finally, we'll be considering the adjective vulnerable, which means to be able to hurt someone physically or emotionally.

We're gonna start off today by looking at Piggy's ostracism.

So first of all, I want you to reflect a bit for yourself here.

I want you to think about a time when you felt left out, how did you feel and why were you left out? Pause the video and have that consideration.

You don't need to talk with anyone.

And when you're ready, hit play.

So I think we can all probably think of a time we feel like we were left out.

That may be with our social circle or when we first went to school or maybe at a difficult point with friends or family.

And feeling left out can be really challenging.

It can feel very isolating.

It can feel very difficult personally and emotionally.

Just in that we are unable to really reconcile the fact that maybe people don't like us or we feel different from our surroundings.

Being ostracised means being left out.

Ostracising somebody means intentionally not including them in a social group or activity.

Ostracism is a form or can be a form of bullying.

I therefore want you to think about who tries to ostracise, who tries to isolate Piggy in the novel and why do you think they pick on him? Pause the video, have that discussion and when you're ready hit play.

So there are a couple of reasons why piggy could be viewed as being ostracised.

Laura points out that Jack strives to ostracise Piggy from the group from the very beginning.

However, Ralph also has a part to play in Piggy's Ostracism.

Arguably, Ralph is the character who starts the ostracism and then allows it to continue.

Can you find any evidence of Ralph, this supposedly democratic leader ostracising Piggy on pages 20 to 22? Pause the video, see if you can find any pieces of evidence for yourself and then we'll sate through.

Laura points out that Ralph is the first person to exclude Piggy by telling him he can't accompany the boys on their expedition.

We can infer this is because of his weight.

Ralph publicly excludes Piggy and then gives Jack the permission to do the same.

It's really important that Ralph, the supposedly democratic leader, is the person that first makes it seem clear that Piggy shouldn't be allowed to join in with the boys in the same way because it actually means for someone like Jack who's more manipulative, smarter and looking to put himself towards the top of the hierarchy, it gives him a really clear target for someone to show his strength against.

Would it have been different though if Piggy had been shown respect from Ralph initially right from the start of the text? Would Ralph have given Piggy a little bit more respect and therefore allowed Piggy to feel part of the group and therefore potentially avoided such negative implications fair in the text? Pause the video, have that discussion and when you're ready, hit play.

Some really interesting work there everyone.

I really liked our ideas.

Arguably Ralph has that responsibility to bring everyone in, but he fails to do so and that allows for people like Jack to take advantage of Piggy.

Lucas was thinking about that same question and says, "There are a few reasons why the boys ostracised Piggy from the group.

Firstly, Piggy's physical appearance is markedly different from the other boys.

Secondly, Piggy also seems to have had a different upbringing from the others." I want you to explain how Piggy's physical appearance is different from the other boys.

Then I would like you to consider how his upbringing might be different too.

Consider the description that we have a Piggy quite early in the text.

What suggests that he's quite different from the others? Pause the video, have that discussion.

Go back to your text and when you're ready, hit play.

A range of really nice ideas there everyone.

Let's take some feedback.

You might have said that Piggy's described as fat and having asthma, many of the other boys have been described as skinny or athletic.

How would that make him seem more vulnerable then if he's being described as overweight and having asthma, particularly given where they are on island? Pause the video, have that discussion and when you are ready, hit play.

So Piggy's weight or asthma makes it difficult for him to keep up with the other boys.

It also means that he might have less stamina than the others.

We get the impression from Piggy's, excessive sweating that he would struggle to hunt as efficiently as the other boys.

These physical characteristics therefore make him appear more vulnerable than the others which motivate them to ostracise him.

Piggy's six spectacles also characterise him as being different.

His poor psych gives him another physical vulnerability that Jack can easily exploit.

Wearing the text, do we see Piggy's vulnerability because of his spectacles are exploited? Pause the video, have that discussion and when you're ready, hit play.

Really good work there, checking back through the text.

So it's worth saying that without his glasses Piggy cannot see as well as the other boys.

And this makes him highly vulnerable, especially when Jack blinds Piggy by stealing his glasses in Chapter 10.

Without his glasses, Piggy is entirely relying upon the support of Ralph and his group, which makes him much more vulnerable to harm.

He can't see and therefore he is rather defenceless for matching text after that point.

As Laura pointed out, we get the impression that Piggy has had a different upbringing from Jack and Ralph.

Read Piggy and Ralph's conversations from the top of page three to the end of page eight.

Once you've done so, I want you to discuss how is Piggy's upbringing different from Ralph's? Pause the video now.

Read from the top of page three to the end of page eight and then answer that question in your pairs.

You may want to have a highlighter or a pencil in your hand so that you can underline any key ideas that you are doing so and maybe annotate your copy of the text.

That'll really help you discussion.

If you're working alone, doing the annotation and maybe jotting down some ideas will be more than enough and then hit play.

Excellent work there everyone.

Some really close thinking, was really close analysis.

So we learned that Ralph believes his Navy-commander "Daddy" will come to rescue the boys.

We therefore get the impression that Ralph is middle upper class from the fact that he uses the word Daddy and his father's occupation.

That's quite different though from Ralph, sorry, from Piggy who is an orphan who lives with his auntie.

We also get the impression that Piggy is actually a little bit more lower class than the other boys because of his grammar, he uses the word "them" instead of "those." So which of the following characteristics alludes to Piggy's lower class upbringing? Is it a, his poor eyesight, his name-Piggy, his weight and asthma or his incorrect use of grammar.

Pause the video and select one of those options and when you're ready, hit play.

Well done, everyone.

Whilst A, B and C are all about the physical differences of Piggy, D is more focused on his lower class upbringing, which is quite different from the more upper class members of the sort of boys grand group that are stranded now on the island.

So we're now gonna put all of this together.

We're going to start practising looking at Piggy's ostracism.

Arguably, the ostracism of Piggy allows the boys to dehumanise him to the point where murdering him becomes a viable option for settling a dispute.

I would like you to write an explanation of what led to the ostracism of Piggy thinking about everything we've discussed so far in this session.

I want you to consider who is responsible for his ostracism, why Piggy was ostracised, how individuals within the group went about ostracising Piggy? And I want you to use the sentence starter, in "Lord of the Flies," we see piggy slowly ostracised from the group by.

Pause the video now, complete that real summarization task.

And when you are ready, hit play.

Really well done everyone, some really thoughtful ideas.

Let's take some feedback.

So if we consider responsibility for Piggy's ostracism, who do we think is most to blame for Piggy's ostracism, Ralph or Jack? Pause the video, have that discussion and when you are ready, hit play.

Interesting ideas.

I can hear a lot of people arguing for Jack, I can hear some of us arguing for Ralph, I want you to use the ABC phrases so that agree, build, challenge ideas to respond to others' ideas effectively and elevate the discussion.

So for example, we have the phrase, I agree because or I share the same viewpoint because, for agree expanding on this, I would add that or another aspect would be to consider for the build and then the challenge, I see it differently because or it's worth questioning whether, so I want you to use those phrases to challenge some of your peers views on who is more to blame for Piggy's ostracism.

Pause the video, have that discussion and when you're ready, hit play.

Some interesting ideas that I really liked how peer to people were getting but making sure that we were using those key sentence starters.

It's just a quick way of getting us to understand and interact with with other people's ideas and evaluate our own opinions.

We are now gonna focus on Piggy's death.

So throughout the text Piggy is described and often treated like a pig.

He's described in Chapter 1 as grunting, his physique is reminiscent of a pig and even his name associates him with pigs.

Piggy is treated like an animal by the other boys.

He's dehumanised and mocked by Roger, Jack and Ralph.

However, though Piggy is arguably the most civilised of all the boys.

I want you to find evidence to support the idea that piggy behaves in the most civilised manner in the text.

Go back to your work and make sure that you can find that evidence and when you're ready, hit play.

Really interesting ideas.

You might have said the fact that Piggy is described as being like a parent, which shows he retains the civilising adult-like qualities that have been instilled in him by society or pointed out that Piggy is not interested in having fun.

He's presented as being very serious and logical, rather like an old man than a young boy.

He frequently scolds the boys for behaving like kids, showing his sensible and mature nature.

Piggy also prioritises science and logic.

He's practical and pragmatic in this nature and he also criticises the boys for not acting proper, showing that he holds societal courtesies and rules in high regard.

He frequently challenges the boys and on the animalistic behaviour reinforcing that they are people and not animals.

Why then is Piggy's name ironic given the way that he acts as a novel? Remember that definition of irony, that idea that it's meant to create humour because it goes against what our expectations were.

It's almost going against what is clearly that.

Why is his name ironic? Given what we know about how he acts.

Once you've had that discussion, hit play.

Really interesting ideas there everyone.

Really pleased with the way that we were getting into that discussion.

So Lucas was having a look at the same question and said, well, "There's real irony in Piggy's name, given that he's the character's most concerned with upholding social norms and courtesies.

Despite his seemingly-lower-class upbringing, Piggy is ironically the most civilised of all the boys, though he is treated like an animal by the boys, Golding arguably presents him as the most human on the island." So we'll just kind of gonna have a quick check for understanding here.

Piggy's name is ironic because arguably the most human character in the novel, it's that true or false? Pause the video, select one of those options and when you're ready, hit play.

Well done everyone.

But you can very clearly say that this is true.

He is the most human character in the novel.

He's the least savage and therefore it is wrong that he is dehumanised.

He's dehumanised for his physical characteristics, not because he is actually savage or animal-like in the way that he behaves.

Can we justify this answer? Is this because that Golding is using irony, which is a language used to express the opposite of what is expected for humour? Or is it because irony isn't used to represent a specific idea or concept? Select a or b.

And when you're ready, hit play.

Well done everyone.

It is a, it's meant to be an ironic name because he is ultimately going against what is expected.

I want us now to discuss what might Piggy represent in the novel? We've had similar discussions when thinking about Jack and Ralph in the previous lessons, but what do we think a Piggy represents? Pause the video and consider that.

Think about the fact that he is dehumanised, he's treated like an animal and yet he is almost like an old man in his behaviour.

What's the purpose of that? What's that trying to represent? Pause the video, have that discussion and when you're ready, hit play.

Really good ideas there everyone.

So Lucas said that I think that Piggy represents civilization as he's the most civilised character on the island.

Whilst Jun said, "I think Piggy represents the logic and rationality, he's arguably the brains behind most of Ralph's plans and ideas, but his intelligence is not valued by the other boys." And finally, Jacob saw it as the fact that Piggy represents humanity.

He tries desperately to remain sensible and human despite the savagery around him.

Now Jun, Lucas and Jacob have all given great ideas, but my question is who do you most agree with and why? Pause the video and select which of those three options you think are most significant.

You may want to use the agree, build, challenge phrases that we used earlier in the lesson, select one.

Write down why you agree with it most and why? Even if you choose one that you really agree with, can you find a way of developing it? Can you find a way of even going challenging it? Just that little bit.

Pause the video, complete that task.

And when you're ready, we'll continue.

Well done everyone.

I'm so pleased to see what you grappling with each of those students work and ideas.

Really pleased to see it, well done.

So let's apply our knowledge about Piggy in this practise task.

Piggy in the conch are both destroyed by the boulder that Roger pushes up the cliff.

I want you to talk to the person next to you or maybe jot down some notes.

What's the significance of Piggy in the conch being destroyed at the same time? What do you think Golding makes this decision? Pause the video, have that discussion and when you're ready, hit play.

Okay, we're gonna take some feedback on that in a moment.

But first I want you to consider the fact that Piggy's literal death represents the metaphorical death of something else.

But considering what Piggy represents, try to decide what you think the death of Piggy represents metaphorically? Pause the video again.

Have that discussion in your pairs and when you're ready, hit play.

Some lovely ideas there everyone.

Let's take some feedback and really try to refine our work here.

So you might have discussed the fact that Piggy's death was caused with intent and that golden rights that Roger murdered Piggy in a moment of abandonment.

Abandonment, almost having like two meanings here.

Abandonment being you are abandoning something, you're leaving something behind.

All that idea of if you do something with want and abandonment, there's almost like a thoughtlessness in your actions.

Arguably, at this moment, Roger and the other boys have abandoned civilization and any remaining humanity.

It's also shown through the destruction of the conch, the conch, which is also symbolic of rules of society.

As Piggy represents humanity, civilization, and rationality, arguably, the death of Piggy represents the death of each of these three concepts.

The boys have at this moment surrendered entirely to savagery, abandoned the last shreds of humanity that they had remaining.

Piggy's death is therefore the first human death that was caused with genuine intent to kill, arguably showing that savagery has consumed the boys.

Pause the video now.

Take any further notes that you need just in a different colour pen, and when you're ready, hit play.

Well done everyone, some really good work from today's lesson.

Let's just summarise our work on Piggy: dehumanisation and death.

So we know that Piggy is dehumanised and ostracised by the group of boys because of his physical appearance.

Piggy's glasses, weight, asthma, and lower class upbringing, all given vulnerabilities for the other boys, particularly Jack looked to exploit.

The boys treat Piggy like an animal, but he's ironically the most human and civilised character.

He is rational, reasonable, and he represents civilization.

He's a pragmatic character.

Piggy's death, therefore metaphorically represents the death of civilization and the abandonment of rationality.

I said right at the start of the lesson that he was one of my favourite characters.

I hope you really enjoyed learning a little bit more about him too today, and it's really deep in your understanding of the text.

You've been absolutely fantastic once again today.

I've really enjoyed working with you, and I hope to speak to you all again very soon.

Bye for now, everyone.