Lesson video

Hi everyone.

I'm Miss Harris, and welcome to today's geography lesson, where we are answering this question.

Why are the oceans under threat? So today we are going to be looking at what we are doing as humans which are affecting some of the animals that are living in our oceans.

We will also be recapping the location of the oceans.

In this lesson we're going to make a fact file all about the things that we are doing which are affecting our oceans.

We're going to look at what is human activity? How are we harming the oceans? And lastly, we're going to do an end of lesson quiz, where we can show off everything that we have learnt.

You would need a piece of paper today to make your fact file, or you can use your exercise book, maybe you can ask a grownup to pull a page up for you.

You need a pencil, a coloured pen or pencil, and you need your brain.

If you need to get any of these things, please pause the video, go get them now.

Now today we are geographers.

Do you know what a geographer is? A geographer is a type of scientists who studied the earth, the land and the people.

What do they study? The earth, good, the land and the people, well done.

These are our star words, let's do them together.

My turn then your turn, can you tell your screen? Yep, great.

Human, I didn't hear you, say it louder, human.

Oil, survive, bleach, harmful, overfishing, good job.

Now let's recap where the five oceans are.

How many are there? Five, good, can you give me a five through your screen, five, ready? Do it again, three, two, one, good job.

Now, can you find the five oceans? I'm going to say one, I want you to point to it, ready? Where is the Pacific Ocean? Can you point to it? There it is.

So it comes up twice because on our map, it shows that the earth has been flat, but we know the earth is as sphere shape, so it comes up twice.

Then we have got the Atlantic Ocean there.

Can you now find the Indian Ocean? Point to it, ready? There it is, great.

It's near Asia, Africa and Australia.

Can you find the Arctic Ocean, ready? Can you find it? And, good, there it is.

And lastly, can you find Antarctica, the ocean that surrounds it, it's called the Southern Ocean.

can you find it? Good, there it is at the bottom.

So the Southern Ocean surround Antarctica.

Now today we're going to make a fact file all about our oceans.

We all going to need one sheet of paper and we're going to fold it in half and write lots of things inside.

I'm going to show you how to set up your fact file now.

So to make our fact file, we are going to need a sheet of paper, so we're going to turn it and we're going to fold it in half, just like we saw on the side, like so.

Then you will need a pen or a pencil.

and we are going to write on the front, oceans under threat.

And then you can decorate the front as much as you like.

Now our fact file is all set up, we can get started with the rest of the lesson.

So, what is human activity? Human activities are all the things that we do in our lives.

So we are human, we're a mammal, type of animal, we are a human, and activities are the things that we do every day.

So right now, Miss Harris got pen in her hand, and I can do some writing, that's a human activity that I'm doing, I'm writing.

And all the things that we do in our life, so you might be able to skip, or maybe you're cooking, these are all things that we do.

So here we've got some sport, living and building homes is a human activity.

Eating is another activity.

So we have to get our food from somewhere and cook it.

And the way that we travel is also a human activity.

Now, things that we do can affect the oceans, lots of things, lots of human activities that we do can affect our oceans.

Now, in your fact file, I would like you to write this down.

Things that we do can affect our oceans.

On the first page, can you write this down.

I'm going to show you what you need to write it.

Inside our little booklet we are going to write, things that we do can affect our oceans.

We're going to open the first page and we're going to write it up here.

Things that we do can affect our oceans.

And then after that, we can draw some pictures underneath when Miss Harris asks us to draw what's on the slide.

So we're going to do our writing up here in our booklets.

Great job.

Now, everything that we do has an effect, and there are lots of things that we do, which are harming our oceans, things like overfishing, so fishing too much, throwing our rubbish away and it's sometimes landing in the ocean.

Pollution, so things that come out of our cars, and light pollution as well.

Oil spills in the ocean as well.

So these things can then affect our oceans.

Now in your booklet, underneath where we have just written, I would like you to draw these four pictures with the arrow to the ocean.

Can you draw this diagram onto your fact file.

Pause the video and do that now.

Correct, now we use oil for lots of different things, like in our cars for petrol, to make our cars work.

And this is taken, extracted out of the ground, really deep down in the ground.

And sometimes these plants where, these big factories where the oil is extracted from the ground, they are in the ocean, they're far out on the ocean, and they build on top of the ocean.

Now sometimes that can be an oil spill.

So the oil can either fall out of a ship or a container that is combing it, and it can end up in the ocean.

And as you can see in this picture here, there is oil everywhere.

And oil is like a dark black liquid, and it's really hard to get rid of, especially you can see here, is all over the beach.

Do you think that's going to be good for our animals? No, it's not going to be good for our animals at all.

Now, in your fact file, can you draw a picture of oil spills and write the word oil spills? Because this is one of the reasons why our, what we are doing to affect our oceans.

Well, then let's look at another reason.

So here is another activity that we are doing.

So things like rubbish, it can end up in the ocean.

So you can see here some plastic in the ocean, plastic bag and cups and lots of other rubbish.

Sometimes this can get blown into the ocean off the land, because it's not recycled properly or maybe it's just not been put in the bin.

And it can end up in the ocean, and our animals, marine animals can get trapped inside lots of rubbish that we have in the plastic, or they might eat it because they think that it's food.

Can you, in your book, draw picture of rubbish because rubbish, and write the word rubbish, because that's another activity that we do, which is affecting our oceans.

Pause the video and do that now.

Okay, let's look at another one.

So, hey, we have got pollution.

So there are lots of different types of pollution, like noise, light, soil, water and air.

The most colourful one that you might know is air pollution.

So not of the fumes that come out of the back of cars and lorries and buses can produce a harmful gas that makes it hard for us to breathe sometimes, and affects the air around us that we breathe.

But you may know about light pollution as well.

So at nighttime in London, where I live, when there are lots of lights in the city, it's hard to see the stars because the light is polluted around the area, so it's hard to see the stars.

But if you go somewhere where there isn't a lot of light and buildings, you will be able to see lots of stars in the sky, so that's an example of light pollution.

In your books, can you draw this pollution because it's another reason, another thing that we do.

Pause the video and do that now.

So another one is over fishing.

Now this is something that we do a lot of, because we are big meat eaters as humans, we use a lot of meat, and that includes fish.

Now overfishing is when a fishermen goes out every single day, not one fishermen, but a big company that goes out to do large scale fishing with huge nets.

They go out and they fish in the same place all the time.

And overfishing means that the fish haven't had a chance to reproduce or have babies and grow again.

So it's almost like we're wiping out the fish, we're eating them all and not giving them time to grow and repopulate, so there's more of them, and then we can fish again, and then they'll grow and get bigger, and then we can fish them again.

But instead we're fishing and fishing and fishing, and sometimes not letting them grow enough or reproduce or babies.

But that doesn't mean that all companies do that, not all companies do that, because you might buy somebody called sustainable fish, which means it's been fished really carefully, and they've really thought about what they're doing when they're fishing.

So can you draw this onto your fact file.

Well done.

Now I would like to have a look at these two pictures of coral.

So coral is a habitat in the ocean that lots of our marine animals live in, and it helps protect them, but coral are also little animals that live, living things that live in the oceans.

Look at these two pictures.

What are differences that you can see here? I want you to take 10 seconds to have a look at the differences.

In the first picture, you can see it's really beautiful, it's really colourful, there are lots of fish, lots of coral.

Whereas the other picture, the coral looks one colour, white, is it really colourful? They are not really.

So you see here that the coral where my arrow's pointing to has been bleached, what's it been? So when corals become really stressed, when things like the temperature of the water, so the water gets hotter or colder, if there's lots of light, so if there's a really strong sun beaming down on the water, or if something else changes in the ocean, if it's polluted, the coral can bleach, it's called coral bleaching.

This means that coral, it might not survive because corals provide a large habitat for lots of our animals, it's home to thousands of different ones, but when they bleed like this, lots of animals don't there anymore.

But once the coral is bleached, it can go back to the colour that it was before and be really colourful and healthy, but sometimes it doesn't.

So we need to make sure we really look after our oceans and stop pictures like this, coral bleaching, we don't want that to happen.

Now, in your fact file, can you draw, on one side can you draw a picture of the coral reef, nice and beautiful and colourful, and then on the other side can you draw the coral being bleached because of all the reasons that we've learned about today.

And this kind of affects our corals so they look like this.

Pause the video and do that.

So today has been a really informative lesson, I'm sure there's lots of things that you've learned about today that you might not have known about, but don't worry, you don't need to be upset about the things that are in the ocean, but you could help teach other people about the things that we do and make sure that you are buying things like sustainable fish if you eat fish.

And if you look after the oceans, by making sure if you go to the beach, you take your rubbish home, small things like that is what you can do to help the oceans.

Now, if you'd like to share your work with us, you can ask a parent or carer to take a picture of it and send it to us on Twitter, Instagram or Facebook using the tag OakNational and the hashtag LearnWithOak.

Have a wonderful rest of your day, and I've see you next time, bye.