Lesson video

Hi everyone My name is Ms. Harris and I'm so happy that you are joining me today for our fourth geography lesson.

Today we are learning all about what it is like in the continent Africa.

I got my plane ready behind me as usual and I need your help to get to me to Africa.

I'm going to count down from three and I need you to click or clap so it looks like this three, two, one or three, two, one, are you ready? Get your hands ready to either like this or like this ready, three, two, one and we are there thank you so much for helping me get that.

So you can see I am in the desert in Africa and it's really hot here, so I've got lots of sun cream on my skin to keep it nice and safe and not to get burnt.

So in this lesson, we are going to be learning about Africa.

So let's take a look at today's agenda, so we are going to be recapping the location of the continents, we're going to be analysing a map of Africa, we're going to be looking at different foods that are grown in the continent.

We're looking at landmarks and lastly we're looking at something called the big five, which I'm really excited about.

For this lesson you will need an exercise book or a piece of paper, a pencil, a coloured pencil for marking and you would need your brain, don't forget about that.

Now you should know this really well now.

What is a geographer? A geographer is a scientist who studies the? What is a geographer? Are you ready? A geographer is a special type of scientist who studies the earth, the land and the people, did you get that right? Fantastic.

Today we are looking at these key facts about Africa, we are going to look at the size of the continent and we're also going to be looking at the population.

Now stand up wherever you are, we are going to do our star words so remember you need to have your hands ready.

I'm going to say it, then you're going to say it.

So make sure you're saying it out loud, you're not just going like this.

You're going to say the word really loud, ready? Star words, star words, star words, your turn.

Currency.

Currency.

Landmark, landmark.

Population.

Country.

Africa.

Size.

Continent.

Great ready sit back down in three, two, one, did you sit back down in time? Great job.

Now remember we're going to do off favourite game.

I'm going to say continent and you are going to find it, are you ready? Can you find South America? Good, can you point to the equator? Amazing.

The equator is the imaginary line around the earth that divides it into two parts.

Can you point to Asia? Can you point to Australia? Can you point to Antarctica? And lastly, can you point to Europe? Great, you're really good at doing that.

Let's double check.

So first we have got North America, South America, Africa, Antarctica.

At the top, we've got Europe, then we have got Asia and Australia, did you get those right? You did, your brain is full of knowledge.

Now this looks very similar to what we did last lesson but we are going to order the continents today from not the smallest to largest.

The smallest continent is Australia, the largest continent is Asia.

So you need to write the number one and you're going to write the continents from small to large.

So pause the video and have a go at that question now.

Okay, well done, let's check our answers.

So we have Australia then Europe, then Antarctica, South America, North America, Africa and then we have Asia.

Know I would like you to use your coloured pencil or pen to tick those answers.

I would like you to also check your spelling, so pause the video and check your spelling and correct it with your coloured pen.

So here is a map of Africa.

Now Africa has lots of different countries and that all unique.

Can even remember what the definition of a continent is? What is a continent? It's a large area of land.

Now Asia is the largest continent because it has the largest area of land, the most land Africa has got the most countries, it has 54 countries.

How many countries does it have? 54, that's a lot.

Do you know any countries in Africa? Can you tell the person next to you or can you tell the screen the countries that you know? Great job.

Now in Africa is expected around 1.

2 billion people live in Africa, that is a lot of people.

A bit, 1.

2 billion, just over 1 billion people live in Africa.

I do know that the oldest human fossils and skeletons have been dug up and found in Africa, that's incredible.

The oldest skeletons and fossils have been found there.

Now Africa has a huge physical diversity, that means some areas are desert, some are grasslands, some are mountains, some have jungles and these can be found in different areas of the continent.

Now I would like you to write down three countries that's in Africa.

So pause the video, write down the number one, can you write three countries in Africa? Okay well done, so you could have written somewhere like Mali or Egypt, Ethiopia, Somalia, Madagascar or South America, South Africa sorry.

You could have written any of them on there so well done.

Give yourself a tick if you wrote any of those I said, but you can give yourself a tick if you have written them because you were looking, you were analysing the map really carefully, make sure that you've got your spelling right.

Now in Africa, the continent is so huge and because of the equator goes through the middle of the continent, remember the imaginary line parts of Africa is in the north hemisphere and the other part is in the southern hemisphere.

So the northern hemisphere and the southern hemisphere.

That means that the weather and the land is a lot different in certain areas.

So like I said, we've got mountains and jungles and deserts and grasslands.

That means that you can grow lots of different foods in Africa, it makes it a lot easier in some areas.

Now in Africa, you can grow these four things, these are the four that I picked, there are so many more that you can grow.

You can go them anywhere in Africa, but specifically these are the ones that I have chosen.

So in Nigeria you can grow rice, that's where a lot of rice is grown in Nigeria, it's also grown in other parts of the continent but there is a lot of it comes from Nigeria.

So you might have a bag of rice in your cupboard, that could be from Nigeria grown there.

Then we have got coffee, which is from Uganda.

Again, coffee could be grown anywhere else, but it is also grown in Uganda.

We have then got plantain which is from Tanzania, so that is, it's a bit like a banana, it looks very similar to a banana, but it's a bit straighter than and it's not as yellow, it's a bit more green than a normal, than a banana, the normal banana, you can still find these in the supermarkets You can then also see in South Africa, they grow butternut squash.

Again, all of these foods can be grown in different areas of the world, but these are just some examples of food that is grown in Africa and it's all over the world once it's harvest.

Now today, I would like you to take a look at this map, I have put some pictures of the food that we've just talked about on the map where the country is that some of this is grown in.

So first I would like you to draw the outline of Africa, of the continent.

Draw the outline on your piece of paper.

Then I would like you to draw on to your map, a small picture of the food, so you can see I've drawn a little bag of rice and a little plate of rice.

Then I put a label which says rice Nigeria, because that's where you can get some from from, from that country.

I would like you to pause the video and have a go at that now.

If you finish, you can go and have a look to see if you have any of these foods in your house.

You might or next time you go to the supermarket, you can see if you can find these.

Okay, so let's take a look at the climate in Africa.

So because the equator, the imaginary line around the earth, the equator, you can see the red line on the map of Africa, the photo from space.

You can see that there are some different colours on the land.

Now the climate refers to the temperature and the weather and the landscape in Africa and what it's like.

So let's take a look, we can see that it's relatively hot in Africa most of the time, the continent is quite warm.

They do still have seasons in Africa, but they're a little bit different from the ones that we have in Europe.

Now hand looking at the map, the Sahara is the largest desert in the world.

A desert is a place it's completely covered in sand, you can see by this picture, there are not many trees and there isn't lovely lakes and things in the desert, it's very hot.

You can see on the map here that it's a yellow colour where there's loads of sand and that's what it looks like from space.

There is also a smaller desert in the southern hemisphere, so there's one in the northern part of Africa and in the southern part of Africa.

Now the continent is so huge, it is surrounded by three oceans, how many oceans? Three oceans, wow.

Now that at quintile real regions means the different parts of the of the land we've got the desert, then we have got where my arrow is pointing to, you can see it's pointing to a hot and wet parts of the continent, which is called the Congo, it's a rain forest.

And you can see that it's green on the map because there are hundreds and thousands of beautiful trees.

It's really hot and it's really humid, which means when you go outside, the sun might not be shining but the temperature is really hot and you might start to sweat and it's quite there and it's hot and wet throughout most of the year.

You might want to look into some pictures of the rainforest and some animals, that's what you can do in your own time if you're interested in learning about this wonderful continent.

So now I have some questions for you.

We're going to do a true or false, like we did last lesson.

So you are going to write the number three and you're going to answer a, is it true or false? b true or false, c true or false and d true or false.

You are not going to write down the question, you can just write true or false.

So it snows in the Sahara desert in Africa, true or false? Africa has a rainforest called the Congo, true or false? There are 64 countries in Africa, true or false? And lastly Africa is the largest continent? Pause the video and have a go at that now.

Wow, you are working so hard, you should be so proud of yourself.

Should we check our answers? Great get your kind of pencil ready or your colour pen.

So it snows in the Sahara desert true or false? False, it does not snow there does it? It's too hot.

Now b, Africa has a rain forest called the Congo? True, give us a tick if you got that right.

Check a did you get that right? Give it a tick.

If you didn't, you can correct it with your colour pencil.

Now c, there are all 64 countries in Africa, true or false? False, there are 54 countries in Africa.

Africa is the most countries, it's the continent with the most countries.

And lastly, Africa is the second largest continent, it's not the largest Asia is the largest.

So you can tick if you got that right.

Okay, now we are going to have a look at some landmarks in Africa.

The first place I have found is called the Victoria Falls in Zimbabwe.

This is the world's largest waterfall.

Is named after queen Victoria, who was once a queen of England.

In the rainy season the spray, you can see that where the rainbow is is a mist, the spray shoots over a thousand feet in the air, which means the rainforest around it possibly has rainfall in the rainforest and in the forest surrounding it.

So it's constantly raining because of the stripe, because it's so big.

Now we've got to Mount Kilimanjaro, that's a tricky word you ready? Mount Kilimanjaro.

Kilimanjaro.

Good job saying, is a tricky one, isn't it? Now Mount Kilimanjaro is the highest peak in Africa.

Now depending on which way you you climb because you can climb it.

It can take almost a week to get to the top around near the top.

And sometimes people do this for charity.

So they raise money and they say I'm going to climb Kilimanjaro.

And they dominate the money that hey have raised to charities, which is really kind.

But you don't have to do that, but it would take you seven days to get the top, it's a really big achievement, okay.

Now the next one is a really interesting place in Africa.

I've got two places on there, the first one is the picture on the left, which is the Valley of the Kings.

Now in the valley of the Kings in Egypt, this is what ancient rulers which are kings, they were called Pharos.

So in Egypt, a long, long time ago, their kings were called pharos.

Now they were buried in tombs, which are like huge rooms in the Valley of the Kings like this.

So insight and a long, they have long tunnels and then suddenly you're in a big room, which is where the pharos were buried.

Now they were buried with all of that belongings and most of it was made of gold and it was really precious.

And I thought surely some years later, the Egyptians decided that they didn't want to bury their rulers in the Valley of the Kings because there were lots of people who would decided to Rob the graves and rope the tombs, they would take all of the gold because the pharaohs were buried with all that precious items and gold.

And they went back to try it, some people went nuts trying to steal it.

So instead they decided to bury some of their pharos in hidden places around the country.

Now the second pitch you can see that is of the pyramids, now the pyramids are also really special because they are also the tombs of Egyptian kings, so they are also where Egyptian kings are buried.

As part of the seven wonders of the world, it's, a lots of people wonder how they are built because they didn't have cranes, they didn't have diggers, they didn't have lots of machinery like we have now to build them and the bricks are ginormous.

Some of the bricks were almost like half the size of a car, they were huge this bricks and the Egyptians must have carried them, it's always argued how they did it, but some people think they carried them up there into a point like this, but still it makes you wonder how they got into a point like this thousands and thousands of years ago, so you can find these in Egypt.

Then we have got the Serengeti National Park in Tanzania.

This is the largest park at woodland, the largest grass and woodland in the content.

It's the huge, it's got huge herds of animals ranging across the land, you can see things like gazelles and zebras and baboons giraffes, 350 types of birds as well, like Eagles and flamingos and owls.

There are hundreds of animals and you can see here, what animal can you see sitting on there? It's a cheetah, your right.

Okay, what we're going to do now is question three, we've done a question like this before in our other lessons, you should be really good now.

You were going to write what the landmark is, what country is it from? So pause the video and have a go at that now.

Okay, let's check our answers.

So get your colour pen, are you ready? So the first one is Zimbabwe, Victoria Falls is in Zimbabwe.

We got Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania, the Valley of the Kings and the pyramids is immediate and lastly the Serengeti is in Tanzania as well, great job.

Now there are landmarks that you can visit in Africa but these are some of the key ones that I found.

Of course the continent is huge and there are loads of other places you could visit too.

Okay, let's take a look now at the currency.

Now there are 54 countries in Africa, which means they use a lot of different currencies, so they pay for things using different types of money.

So here this is the money, the currency used in South Africa it's called south African rand.

Take a closer look now at what you can see on the notes, what can you see on there? Now you can see some animals.

These animals are really key in South Africa and in Africa, because you can see, they are called the big five, what are they call the big five, what are they called the big? Great.

Now these are the big five animals that you can find in Africa.

We've got elephants which are huge animals with big, big, giant trunks and huge hones.

And elephants you might not know, elephants do not have smooth skin.

Elephants are really hairy, but sometimes in photos you can't tell.

Then we've got the Cape Buffalo, which has a huge horns on its head, we've got the black and white rhinos, which have big horns as well.

We've got the lion with it's huge made and huge roar, can you roar as loud as the lion? I think you need to do it louder, I couldn't hear you, can you do it louder? Roar, that's so scary.

Did you get your teeth in there like that? And lastly we've got a leopard which is at the top because it's tail hanging down from the tree there.

Now leopards are so fast, they can go up to 70 miles an hour, which is how far some cars go when they're on the motorway, they go really fast.

They can chase after other animals so that they can hurt their prey.

Now some of these animals are endangered, which means people hunt them and kill them.

A lot of these, when an animal is endangered, that means there isn't many of them left in the wild.

That's why we have to be really careful when we visit these animals if you ever go on a safari and lots of them are protected, that means they're looked after to make sure that they're not hunted and killed, because if an animal becomes extent, that means there are no more of those animals anymore.

So dinosaurs are extinct, there are no dinosaurs left.

So for your next task, I would like you to draw the big five.

So at the top here, you're going to draw the big five animals.

Pause the video and have a go at drawing those now.

Well done, you have what's so hard today now is the time to show off your knowledge and complete our end of lesson quiz on Google Forms. If you would like to send me a picture of your work, you can ask your parent or carer to send it to me on Twitter.

And you can use the tag @OakNationalAcademy and you can hashtag learn with Oak.

I've seen so many wonderful pictures already of your work, so keep up the hard work and I will see you next time.