Lesson video

Hello and welcome.

I am Mr. Hutchinson, and this is geography.

We're learning all about villages, towns, and cities.

We're learning about where people live around the world.

How many people live around the world? And in our last lesson, we were looking at populations, population densities, whether people live close together or far apart, and where around the world people lived.

Today, we're going to look at the difference between different kinds of settlement types.

The different sorts of settlements that people live in.

But before we do that, make sure that you've done the quiz.

It's a good chance to recap the knowledge from our last lesson.

If you haven't watched that lesson, go back and do that one first because this is lesson two, and it's a good chance to make sure that you've got all of that vocabulary and knowledge in your brain ready to apply it to some even trickier stuff.

And I bet you're going to do a brilliant job.

So today's lesson, we're going to be learning about what a settle is.

We're going to be thinking all about settlements.

In our lesson will look something like this.

The first thing that we're going to do is we're going to answer the question about different types of settlements, because people don't all live in the same kinds of settlements around the world.

We'll look at the main features of three types of settlements, which is our unit title; villages, towns, and cities.

So we're going to think about what makes something a village.

What makes something a town, and what makes something a city? And then we've got a little game at the end, which is going to be fun.

We're going to play village, town, or city where I'm going to give you some features, I want you to tell me whether you think I'm describing a village, a town or a city.

I wonder whether you live in a village, or a town, or a city.

I live in London, which is a city.

Is a big city.

It's the capital city of England.

But I used to live in a town.

I used to live in a town which I knew really well.

It wasn't too big, but I knew that and left the town I grew up in.

And maybe one day I'd like to go and live in a village with lots of countryside nearby.

People live in all sorts of different places.

Do you live in a village, or a town, or a city? What do you think? Well, let's find out.

Let's find out what the difference is between each of those.

You need to make sure you're well organised and prepared for your learning.

So if you haven't already, make sure that you've got no distractions.

We're ready to just focus on this lesson and complete the whole lesson right through to the end and have lots of lovely work that you can be proud of.

So you need a piece of paper or a notebook.

You need a pencil or a pen.

You need your brain switched on and just long into this learning.

And our first question that we'll be answering today is what are the different types of settlements? Well, first of all what's a settlement? When I say this word settlement, what do I mean? Well, the clue here is in this bit here, settle.

So a settlement is where people settle.

Where humans settle, where they stay.

Into the later lesson, we were talking about the history of settlements and how humans settled throughout history.

But for now, let me just talk to you about what makes something a settlement.

So you can see one here.

So a settlement is any place where people stay, where they settle down.

It could be a temporary settlement, so they don't have to stay there forever.

It could be a temporary settlement.

They might just stay there for a short time, or it might be permanent.

The settlement might be there forever and people might stay there forever.

Settlements come in all different shapes and sizes.

They could be really small.

Maybe there's just a settlement with just one person.

Maybe they've made a camp and that's where they're settling.

Or they could be huge.

They could be millions of people in a settlement or even tens of millions of people, and so mega cities.

And so we find settlements in different places for different reasons.

There are settlements all over the world in all sorts of different places.

And they're all shapes and sizes and some are temporary and some are permanent, and there are lots of different kinds of settlements.

So my first question for you, what is a settlement? Three options; A, B, or C.

Is a settlement a place where at least one million people live? Is it a place where the house is all made of bricks or is it any place where at least one person is living? Choose the correct answer based on what we've talked about so far.

Is it A, B, or C? Put your finger on the right answer? Are you ready? You got your finger on.

Well done if you said C, give yourself a pat on the back.

You are so clever.

Already learning about settlements and what makes something a settlement.

Wow.

You already done something.

Great work.

So a settlement is something where at least one person is living.

Let's build it up a little bit.

That was a bit too easy for you for, so let's make it a little bit trickier to grow that brain even more.

I'm going to ask you to finish some sentences all about settlements based on what I've told you so far.

So I hope you're listening carefully.

A settlement is a place where, how would you finish that sentence? Settlements can be temporary, which means people only live there for a short while or permanent, which means.

If you finish that sentence, how would you finish it? Settlements can be found, where can settlements be found? Those are your three sentences, write out the full sentence including my starter, and you can finish it however you would like based on what we've already learned about settlements.

Pause the video and do that now.

Great.

Already have a paragraph down.

We're working hard straight away.

You've already learned about settlements and you've got some knowledge about settlement that you're putting into writing, great work.

Well done.

Keep it up.

I'm going to show you how I would finish these sentences and you can use my answers to assess your own work.

Unfortunately, I can't mark your work.

Like I would love to, if we were in a classroom, I'd love to read your work and mark it and give you some feedback.

Unfortunately, I can't do that, but I can show you what a really good answer would look.

You can be a miniteacher, and mark your own work and see if you can improve it based on my answer.

So here's my answer for you to look at.

I wrote a settlement is a place where any human lives.

Settlements can be temporary, which means people only live there for a short while, or permanent which means people live there for forever.

Settlements can be found in all sorts of different places for all sorts of different reasons.

If you've got similar ideas or similar answers you can give yourself a tick.

If you didn't quite get the right answer, no problem now is your chance to edit it and improve it based on this paragraph here.

So I'll give you a moment to pause to be a teacher and mark your own work.

Excellent, we've already learnt about what a settlement is, what makes something a settlement? So now our next question is what the different types of settlement? Well, there are lots of different types of settlement and geographers, we're being geographers, we are studying geography, looking at the world, the natural world, the physical world, people and how people interact with the world.

They geographers classify settlements in different types.

That means they put them into different groups, different sorts of categories.

And here are some of the categories that they use.

They might look at a settlement and say, "This settlement, this kind of settlement that we can find all over England and all around the world.

This settlement is quite small, it's a village." So villages usually just have maybe a few 100 people.

There could be up to a few 1,000 people, but they're quite small.

They might just have one shop without too many different sorts of products available.

They might have one place of worship, maybe a doctor's practise.

And people sometimes leave these settlements to go to much bigger settlements.

They leave these places to go to much, much bigger settlements where there are other things available.

And sometimes people come to live in villages from big settlements, especially if they want maybe a quieter kind of life.

They want to be out in the, have access to the great outdoors because villages are very often in the countryside and maybe they want that nice fresh air on the beautiful countryside.

They might want something that's a bit quieter, a nice close knit community.

So, there are villages.

That's one type of settlement.

What else? What if we go a bit bigger? They are towns.

And towns might have a few 1,000 or even tens of 1,000s of people.

In towns there's more than one kind of school.

So, there will be secondary schools and some primary schools and people can choose which primary school or secondary school they send they children to.

Towns are usually so big that they'll need a train station.

And they'll usually have a hospital, probably a big shopping centre, and maybe different supermarkets.

And they'll have at least one place of worship and maybe more than one place of worship because towns are so big that there'll be lots of people of all sorts of different religions who would like to have their own place of worship within the town for them to go to, and worship with other people of their faith.

So we've got villages, and we've got towns.

The last type of settlement that we're looking at, cities.

Cities are much, much, much bigger.

This is Kuala Lumpur, the city that I'm showing you here.

So cities will have hundreds of thousands or even millions, or tens of millions of people living in them.

They will have lots and lots and lots of different services.

Lots of different shops.

They'll have universities, they have sports stadiums they have lots and lots of different types of restaurants with all different types of food, all sorts of different types of worship, big transport links.

So they'll have lots of different train stations.

They will probably have their own internal transport system.

So the city is so big.

It needs its own transport system to get around inside it.

That could be a complex bus system, or it could be a tram system with trams, or it could even be an underground train system like the Tube in London, the Underground train system so that people can get around the city because the city is so large.

So we have villages, towns, and cities.

Just to recap, villages have a few 100 to a few 1,000 people.

They might have a post office, a small shop, a place of worship and the school.

They are often in the countryside.

Lock in your brains I'm going to ask you in a moment to play that game of village, town or city.

So that's what we'll probably find in a village.

There aren't exact rules, but this probably describes a village.

What about towns? What can you remember about towns? Pause the video and write down everything you can remember about what makes something a town.

Great, let's see how much you remembered.

Towns will have more than a 1,000 people.

And they could even have tens of thousands of people.

They'll have large supermarkets, at least one shopping centre, but maybe even more than one shopping centre.

Different primary and secondary schools.

And each town probably has a train station and a hospital because there's enough people there.

What about a city? Pause the video.

What can you remember about cities? How many people live there? What sorts of things do you find in cities? I bet you can remember lots.

Pause the video.

Awesome.

Well done.

So there are hundreds of thousands or maybe even millions of people living in a city.

So London, the capital city of England, which is wherever I live there are, I think that there are about seven or 8 million people living in London.

There are other major cities around the UK, like Manchester and Glasgow, and Belfast, and Cardiff, Sheffield, New Castle, Edinburgh.

Cities have lots of people.

They have hospitals, universities, big sporting stadiums. Different places to worship for religious people and different train stations, and its own transport system like trams, or trains to get around the city.

So we have villages, towns, and cities.

And now we know the difference between them.

Well, do you? Let me check.

I'm going to now test to see if you can work out the difference from the village, or town, or city.

So I'm going to give you some of the key features of each of those, but I've jumbled them up.

Ans so they're not in the right place.

And I want you to match them up.

You can just use your finger on the screen to match up the correct features with the correct settlement type of village, a town or a city.

So, the first set of features is this one, hundreds of thousands or millions of people.

Is that a village, town, or city? Next one, few 100 or a few 1,000 people, post office maybe, maybe a small pub.

And the last feature.

So pause the video, use your finger and just match up the features with the crack settlement type if you can remember.

Great work, let's see if you are correct.

I'm going to put them in the right place now.

So the correct features under the correct settlement type.

And let's see if you've got it right.

So villages, few 100 to a few 1,000 people often in the countryside.

Towns, a larger big supermarkets, probably a shopping centre.

And cities much, much bigger, huge main roads will go into the maybe motorways, will go to into cities.

And lots of people are leaving towns to live in city.

So cities are really growing bigger, and bigger, and bigger because there are lots of jobs in cities, or somebody wants a job, they might move to a city.

There are lots of different services in cities.

And so cities are growing much, much, much bigger.

And there are a few people living in towns and villages as they leave to go to the city.

They sometimes people do leave cities or towns to go and live in villages if they want to live in a different kind of settlement.

So let's play our game now.

I'm going to give you a bit of a description of somewhere, a settlement.

And I want you to think really hard.

And think when I say this is a village, a town or a city, what is Mr. Hutchinson describing.

Is he describing a village, a town or a city? So here we go.

The first one.

Well, in this place, there's a busy rush hour and there are lots of people commuting on public transport.

That means commuting is when you travel to work.

And that public transport has trains, there are buses, there are trams. There are some quieter residential roads.

So residential is where there a people.

So could this be a village, a town or a city? Well, I think that this would be a city because it says that there are trams and it says the rush hour is so, so busy, and there are lots, and lots of people all commuting.

Cities do have little residential areas, places where people mostly live, but they have to commute into the city centre to get to work.

And because there are trams that probably means that the settlement is so big that it needs its own transport system.

Next one.

There is a pub, probably just one pub, maybe a few pubs.

And there are lots of nice walks in the surrounding countryside.

Is that a village, a town or a city? What do you think? Well done if you said village, amazing work.

Villages are often in the countryside.

So there's usually only one pub, maybe a few pubs that everybody in the village will go to because there's not enough people to have lots and lots of different restaurants and pubs.

Next one for us to do.

You can buy anything here.

In this settlement, you can buy pretty much anything because there are so many different types of shops.

Village, town or city? So this is probably a city.

Like I said, the definitions aren't exact here.

So don't worry if you said a different one, but in cities you can buy pretty much everything that you need.

In smaller settlements like villages, they might just have basic things and you would need to order something, or travel to a larger settlement if you want something a bit more specialised.

Cities have pretty much anything to buy.

They actually have so many different kinds of shops.

What about this one? There are some quiet roads and some busy roads.

Large roads connect this settlement to bigger settlements.

There are some public transport within this settlement.

Village, town or city? So within this settlement there are some quiet roads, but there are some busy roads.

And you can get on a big road, a busy road and get to a much bigger settlement from here.

Well, then if you said town, great work.

So, towns will have busy roads and there will be a rush hour in town.

But not as big as in a city where there are so many people moving around.

And towns are usually connected to cities by a main road, either an A road, or an M road, like a motorway or, a dual carriage way.

Well done if you got this correct.

That's the end of today's lesson.

We've learned about the difference between villages.

We've learned about the difference between towns and cities.

All sorts of different settlement types.

You've done some amazing writing, which I'm really proud of.

And you've started to think about the different features and try to categorise in your head, whether something would be a village, a town, or a city.

You might like to do a bit of investigation.

Whether you live in a village, a town or a city.

What makes it a village, a town or a city? I'd love to find out a little bit more about that.

I'd love to see some of your work.

So remember, you can ask your parent or carer to share your work by taking a photo of it.

Just using their phone and posting it to Twitter using the #ONAvillages and they can use @OakNational.

And I search that hashtag.

And so I'll be able to see any work that you put up there.

I'd love to see your work, I know you're working so hard.

Well done for completing today's lesson and getting through the whole thing, you rock.

Some people might be like, "Oh, I won't do the whole thing.

I'll just do a little bit of it." But not you.

You're so smart, and you work so hard and you never give up.

So, well done for getting through to the end.

I can't wait to see you in our next lesson where we're going to continue learning all about villages, towns, and cities and where people live.

I think it's so fascinating how humans live and where they live all around the world, and the different types of places.

Wow.

I love geography so much.

And I'll see you for our next geography lesson.

Take care.

Bye-bye.