Lesson video

Hello everyone, my name is Miss Harrison and welcome to our geography lesson for today.

I'm going to be teaching you for this geography unit, and we're going to be focusing on the geography of the United Kingdom, and in today's lesson, we are going to focus specifically on the geography of Scotland.

Now you might notice behind me, there is a beautiful landscape, and this is one of the many beautiful landscapes that you can see in Scotland.

We're going to be thinking about some of these landscapes as physical geography features as well as thinking about the human geographical features we can find in Scotland, so let's get going.

So today we are going to be answering the question, hat is the geography of Scotland? Here's what our lesson is going to look like.

First of all, we're going to recap the seven continents of the world so have a think about those in your head.

Then we're going to find Scotland on a world map and zoom in to have a look at those human and physical geographical features and we're going to find examples of those in Scotland and compare them to where we live.

So, for this lesson before we begin, you're going to need a piece of paper or a notebook to write down in, you're going to need a pencil or a pen to write with and you are going to need your amazing geography brain.

If you haven't got one of those things in front of you, then I suggest you pause the video now and quickly go and get so that you're ready to start our lesson.

Okay, let's get going, so my first challenge for you today is can you name the seven continents of the world? You can see on the map in front of you, that each continent has been made into a different colour.

So have a look closely at the map and see if you can name all seven of those continents.

I'd like you now to pause the video and to write those down, off you go.

Okay, let's see how we have done, so we are looking at each of the names of those seven continents, once you've got one correct, you can give yourself a big tick, if there are any that you've missed, that's okay you can add them in now.

So we're going to start off with a big yellow continent on the left, which is North America.

Give yourself a tick if you got that one, then we have South America.

Next up we have Africa, then our next continent, we've got Asia and then the small pink one on the right hand corner, we have Australia.

Then our very cold, one of the very south of our planet, we have Antarctica, and finally the green continent that you can see above Africa is Europe, and Europe is the continent that we live in here in the UK.

Well done, if you could remember all of those seven continents, you can give yourself a big tick.

If there are any that you missed out on, make sure that you write them in now so that you can remember them for next time, if you need to pause the video to do that, that's okay.

Awesome, now, today we are going to be focusing on Scotland and Scotland is in the United Kingdom and the United Kingdom is within the continent of Europe.

So now we're going to zoom in to the continent of Europe, let's have a look.

So here we have a map of Europe, Europe is made up of lots of different countries and one of those countries is the United Kingdom where we live.

I wonder if you can have a close look at the map and see if you can find the United Kingdom.

I want you to pause the video and see if you can point to where the United Kingdom is, have a go.

Let's see if you managed to find it, the United Kingdom is here where the red circle is, so you can see that it's made up of two main islands, and if we look closer at the United Kingdom, there are four different countries that make up the United Kingdom, there are England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

I wonder if you can look closely at the map and see if you can point out where Scotland is, that's what we're going to focus on today.

Have a look, see if you can point to Scotland.

Let's see, here it is right in the north of the UK, that's where Scotland is located, well done if you knew that already.

Now, within Scotland, when we think about the geography of Scotland today, we're going to be looking for two different types of features and here are those two types.

So, we're firstly going to think about the physical geographical features and that means the natural landscape of the earth.

So not things that are made by humans, but things that occur naturally on the earth.

For example, we might look at some mountains, things like lakes or beaches or cliffs, they are all things that occur naturally on the earth.

So that's why we refer to them as physical geographical features.

The next type of feature we're going to be looking for is, human geographical features and I bet you guessed it, these are things relating to the behaviour of humans, so us, people.

For example things like cities or villages where humans might live, then we have things like shops or factories that are made by humans and used by humans, those are all classed as human geographical features.

So we're going to be looking for both of those things and finding examples of them in Scotland, so let's get going.

We're thus going to look at some human geographical features of Scotland, and you can see in the picture that there are lots of humans in that picture.

That photo is taken from Glasgow, which is one of the biggest cities in Scotland, where lots and lots of people live and work and go and visit.

So, let's think about the human geographical features we can find in Scotland.

Now, Scotland is a big country where lots of people live.

It has a population of around 5.

5 million people, so there are lots of people that live in Scotland and they live in lots of different places.

There are many villages and towns and cities of different sizes, there are some really big cities, there are some really big towns, but there are also smaller towns and smaller villages where people might live.

Now, the capital city of Scotland is Edinburgh, and we're going to have a look at what it's like in Edinburgh and look for some of those human geographical features.

So here, we can see some photos taken from the city of Edinburgh, so it's the capital city of Scotland, it has a population of around 482,000 people, so lots of people live in the city of Edinburgh.

And it's filled with lots of different human features, such as shops, you can see some shops in the photos, churches, you can see a church in the middle picture, train stations and schools and factories, so lots of different places that are human geographical features.

It also has lots of different types of transport, there are things like the trains, there are buses and there is even an international airport at Edinburgh and just outside of the city, so there are lots of different human geographical features.

I wonder if where you live there are lots of human geographical features too.

Can you write down any human features that you can think of where you live? They might be similar to the human geographical features that you can find in Scotland.

For example, I live in London, London is a big city where lots of people live and there are lots of human features, there is a train station just down the road from my house and there were lots of shops and restaurants and supermarkets, those are all human geographical features.

Have a think about the place where you live and can you write down any human geographical features? I want you to pause the video now and write down as many as you can, off you go.

Okay, great work guys, let's now have a look at some physical geographical features, can you remember what those physical features are? They are the things that occur naturally on the earth.

So, lets have a think about Scotland and the physical features we can find.

So, Scotland has a really varied landscape, that means that lots of places are very very different from others and it has some different types of landscape, it has Highlands, which are really high above sea level, low lands and lots of islands as well.

The tallest mountain in the whole of Britain is called Ben Nevis, and that's found in Scotland as well.

So it has some tall mountains and there are many rivers and lakes, which in Scotland, they're known as Lochs, and there are many of those across Scotland.

So let's zoom in on some of those physical geographical features.

First of all, we have mountains, so as I mentioned, Ben Nevis is the tallest mountain in the UK and it's located in the Western Highlands of Scotland, it is 1,344 metres high, that is really tall.

We also have on the right hand side picture, we have the Cuillin mountains on the Isle of Skye, and these are another mountain range that lots of people go to visit to go walking or to go hiking or climbing as well.

So lots of Scottish people might visit them, but people from all over the world might also visit these mountain ranges and to do some walking or some hiking.

Our next physical feature is Lochs and remember Lochs is the word for lakes in Scotland.

So there are lots and lots of different Lochs and some of them with lots of people living near them, some of them very remote in the countryside, and these are glens that are filled with water.

Some Lochs in Scotland are sea Lochs and that means that the water opens out onto the ocean.

You can see on the left, we have Loch Lomond in the southern parts of Scotland, and it's the largest lake by surface area in all of Scotland.

Then on the right hand side, we have Loch Ness, that's further north in Scotland and it contains more water than all of the lakes in the whole of England and Wales, so that's lots of water filling up Loch Ness.

Now, we going to look at our next feature, so we've talked about really really high lands, we've talked about low lands, where the Lochs are and now we are going to think about some islands.

Scotland is so rounded by smaller islands some of which lots of people live on, some of which not very many people live on.

So you can see, first of all, on the north coast of Scotland on the top of the map on your screen, we have some islands circled here.

First of all, we have the Orkney Islands and these are off the north coast of Scotland and even further north, we have the Shetland Islands and these are the most northern parts of all of Scotland and all of the UK, they're actually closer to Norway in Scandinavia than they are to mainland Scotland, isn't that funny? But they're still part of the UK, so they're the most northern parts of the UK.

Then we can see to the west of Scotland, we have the Outer Hebrides, a little collection of islands there and then we have underneath that, the Inner Hebrides as well, so other groups of islands.

Now, on these islands off the coast of Scotland, there are lots of different geographical features that we could spot.

So we have things like mountains and cliffs and coastlines with beaches, as well as lakes and Lochs and rivers as well on these islands.

So lots of physical features that we can spot on the islands, but as well as that, there are also lots of human features.

So there are things like ferry ports, which you can see on the left-hand side, there are ferries which transport goods and people to and from the mainland, and there are also villages like you can see on the right hand side, for example, the Isle of Easdale, which is in the Inner Hebrides and there's a village where people live there.

So, although an island is a physical feature, it can also have human geographical features within it.

Things like villages where people live and schools and hospitals and post offices and shops, all of those things.

So, now we've thought about some of the different physical geographical features of Scotland, I want you to have a think about any physical features you can think of where you live.

So I live in a big city, which is London, but there are also some physical geographical features, there are some national parks, so some owned by the UK itself and there were some lovely parks that you can go and enjoy that occur naturally.

There were some hills that you can go walking on, maybe a bit further out of the city as well, and there's a huge river running through all of London and it's called The river Thames.

So those are some physical features that I can think of where I live.

I wonder if you can write down any physical features that you can think of and the area that you live, pause the video now and have a go at writing those down.

Okay, now the next thing we're going to think about is, how land is used in Scotland because as we saw, there are lots of different types of places in Scotland and land could be used in different ways.

Here are just some of the ways that land is used, so it can be used for agriculture, that means farming.

So some lands in Scotland is used for farming to grow crops or produce meat, or to have animals like sheep that give us wool to make our clothes.

Then there might be things called national parks, which are protected by the government of Scotland and they are places where nature is protected so that people can visit it.

And then finally there are human settlements, so these are towns, villages, and cities where lots of people live in Scotland, so there are different ways that the land is used.

So here we've got some examples of agriculture and farms that we can see, a cow farm and a sheep farm.

Here we have some natural parks, so places where nature is protected and people can visit, and then we have human settlements like villages, towns, and cities as well, where lots of people live in Scotland.

Now, the final thing we're going to think about today is how is the geography of Scotland similar or different to where you live? So here are some sentence stems that might help you to answer this question.

So, I'd you to tell me where you live, I live in.

Then, you're going to write some physical geographical features in your area and these might be similar or different to Scotland.

Then I want you to think about the human geographical features in your area, and are they similar or different to Scotland? I would like you now to have a go as your final challenge, to write me some sentences about where you live and how the physical features or the human features are similar or different to Scotland.

So have a go, pause the video and write me some sentences now, off you go.

Awesome work, fantastic, I hope you've got some brilliant sentences written down.

Now that's the end of our lesson for today, well done for all your hard work in our geography lesson today.

If you are really proud of your work that you've done today, and you'd like to share it with the Oak National team, then you could ask your parent or carer to share your work on Instagram, Facebook, or Twitter, tagging @OakNational and with the hashtag #LearnwithOak, that way, your teachers will be able to see the wonderful work that you are doing.

You should be super proud of yourself today guys, I'm really impressed with the work that you have done.

All you need to do now is go and check out our quiz at the end to see if you can remember all of those things from our lesson today but well done for your hard work, I'll see you next time, bye.