Lesson video

Hello, I'm Miss Reid, and welcome to another lesson on mountains, volcanoes and earthquakes.

Let's have a look at our lesson question for today.

So our lesson question is; what happens when a volcano erupts? Well, in today's lesson, we are going to be looking at a case study, which means an example of volcanic eruption.

We will consider the immediate and the secondary or longterm effect of the eruption, and we'll think about reasons why people choose to live near volcanoes.

So in this lesson, you will need an exercise book or piece of paper, you will need a pencil, and you will need your brain.

So we are geographers.

And geographers are types of scientists who study the Earth.

And this includes the land, the physical features, and the people who live within the land.

And that's what we're going to be doing today.

So in this lesson, we will be thinking about a case study.

And the case study that we're going to think about, is about the Fuego volcanic eruption.

Now, Fuego means fire in Spanish, and that should give you a link to the volcano, because of course the volcano erupts and it releases lava, which is very hot, like fire.

Now, we'll also be thinking about the effect of the eruption, and we'll also consider why do people live near volcanoes? So the Fuego volcano is in Southern Guatemala, which is in central America.

And central America, it's part of North America.

There, you can see on the map, you can see the point where the Fuego volcano is, and you can see it's in central America, which is part of North America.

Now, in which country is the Fuego volcano located? Shout out your answer.

Did you say Guatemala? Well done.

The Fuego volcano is in Guatemala.

Now, we're going to learn about the Fuego volcanic eruption.

We're going to learn about where it was, we're going to learn about the date, and we're going to learn about the effects and the responses.

Now, as you know, Fuego volcano is in Guatemala, which is part of North America.

This particular volcanic eruption occurred on the 3rd of June, 2018.

And in terms of the explosivity index, that means the power of the volcano, it was a three.

And that means it's a moderate volcanic eruption.

Moderate means it wasn't the biggest volcanic corruption, but neither was it the smallest.

It was somewhere in the middle.

Here's a question for you.

On what date did the volcano erupt on, in 2018, let's take a closer look at the options.

Was it A, the 3rd of May, 2018, B, the 3rd of June, 2018.

C, the 3rd of July, 2018 or D, the 3rd of August, 2018.

Pause the video now, and choose the answer that you think is correct.

Let us check the correct answer.

It was of course, the 3rd of June, 2018.

Thumbs up to you if you got that right.

Pause the video now so you can tick or fix your answer.

Excellent work.

Let's move on.

So here's some key words.

Now, evacuation, I'm going to say it, I want you to say it after me.

Evacuation.

I can't hear you.

Say it about louder? Much better.

Now, evacuation is when people are removed from a place of danger to a safer place.

When natural disasters such as volcanic eruptions occur, the government or local council might decide that it's necessary to evacuate people for their own safety.

An evacuation is similar to what happens at school when the fire alarm rings.

In an evacuation, people are moved out of their houses to a place of safety away from the natural disaster.

A person who is evacuated is called an evacuee.

When it is safe, evacuees are allowed to return home.

And this is the same thing that happens when we have a fire drill at school.

For example, we all follow an evacuation route and we end up in a safer place.

And when it's safe, we're allowed to return back to our classrooms. Infrastructure.

A little bit louder, I heard you that time.

Now, infrastructure other structures, such as buildings, roads, and power supplies.

So here are those two words again.

Evacuation and infrastructure.

We're going to read the definitions.

They've been mixed up.

Let's see if you recognise which much is which.

so structures such as buildings, roads, and power supplies, when people are removed from a place of danger to a safer place.

Point to the definition of evacuation, put your finger on it.

Did you put your finger on, when people are removed from a place of danger to a safer place? Excellent.

Now put your finger on infrastructure or the definition of infrastructure.

That's right.

Infrastructure are structures such as buildings, roads, and power supplies.

Good work, everyone.

But let's keep learning about the Fuego volcanic corruption on the 3rd of June, 2018.

Well, there were some immediate responses by the local community to the volcanic eruption.

And these were things that happened straight away.

The first thing is that search and rescue teams cleared roads to rescue people.

The second thing was that water, food, medical care, and tents were provided to people in need.

And the third thing was evacuation.

People were taken from their homes to safer places until it was safe to return.

Now, there were also some secondary responses to the volcanic eruption.

And these were things that happened in the days and months following the eruption, but still happened as a result of the eruption.

The secretary responses were; education and evacuation drill.

So education, people were taught about volcanic eruptions and what to do if one happened again.

They also practised evacuation drills.

So just like when you're at school, you practise having a fire drill, you practise what you should do, and where you should go and how you should behave, the people in Guatemala who live near the Fuego volcano practised what to do if they ever needed to be evacuated again.

The other thing was that new and improved emergency response systems occurred.

So things like the police and the firefighters, and also the ambulance services practised how to respond during a volcanic eruption.

And they got better at doing their jobs.

And the third thing was rebuilding infrastructure.

Rebuilding the roads, the power supplies and the building.

Now we're going to think about effect of the eruption.

Now, there were some immediate effects of the volcanic eruption.

These are things that happened straight away.

The immediate effects were; there were 110 deaths, 200 people went missing, and 300 people were injured.

Now, there were also some secondary effects.

These were things that happened in the days and months that followed the eruption, but still happened as a result of the eruption.

Heavy rain caused landslides.

Now, the terrain or the soil had been loosened or changed because of the eruption, and when it rained, that soil slid away throughout the landscape.

And that landslide or those landslides could have injured many people.

They also could destroy the crops around the volcano.

Another thing was hunger due to crops being destroyed.

Of course, when the volcano erupted many crops that were growing were destroyed, and this led to people going hungry.

And finally, disruption to travel and farming, which cost the government money.

Here's a question for you.

How many people died as a result of the eruption? A, 110, B, 200 C, 300 D, 1,100.

Pause the video, so that you can choose the answer you think is correct.

Let's check the correct answer.

Sadly, 110 people died during this eruption.

Pause the video now so you can tick or fix your answer.

Well done, everyone.

Let's move on.

So the effects of the eruption can be split into three different categories, depending on whether they impacted people or the society, money or the economy, or the natural world, or the environment.

Pause the video now, so you can draw this table.

Make sure you include about three lines per row.

Great.

Now you've drawn the table.

We're going to do a task.

You need to sort the effects of the eruption, which we've already read through.

And you need to sort them into the tables categories.

As you sort them, you need to ask yourself, is the effect relating to people, society, money, the economy, or the natural world, the environment.

For example, 110 deaths relates to people.

So that would go in the society row.

Pause the video and sort the immediate and the secondary effects into the table, into the correct places.

Great work for having a go.

Let's check the answers.

So let's take a closer look.

In the society row, you should have had 110 deaths, 200 people missing, 300 people injured, and hunger due to crops being destroyed because they all relate to people or society.

In the economy row, you should have had disruption to travel and farming, which cost the government money.

Because that's about money.

It's about cost.

And finally, you should have had heavy rain caused landslides in the environment row.

Because that's about the natural world or the environment.

Pause the video now, so you can tick or fix your answers.

Great work, everyone.

That was a tricky task, but I'm glad you had to go.

I'm sure that you did really well, and if you didn't manage to get everything right, well done for correcting your answers.

So finally, we're thinking about why do people live near volcanoes.

Now, although volcanoes are dangerous, they can be really useful, which is why some people choose to live near them.

For example, the energy from volcanoes can be used to run geothermal power plants or stations to produce electricity.

We use electricity all the time to power our phones, computers, and light bulbs.

This is a really good way of producing electricity because it does not release harmful gases into the environment.

Secondly, tourism.

Tourists come to visit the volcano, which means that people living there can make money by selling things or offering a place to stay.

This is a positive economic impact.

In other words, it makes people in the area money.

Finally, the areas around the volcano are great for farming because the lava produces excellent fertile soil for farming.

The people who live near volcanoes tend to pay for training that shows them what to do in case of an eruption, and it shows them evacuation routes, and how to protect themselves.

So these three reasons; geothermal power plants for electricity, tourism, and fertile soil for farms, makes living near volcano very attractive to some people.

On to the question.

Can you list three reasons why people live near a volcano? Pause the video, while you list three reasons why people live near a volcano.

I wonder what you said.

Let's have a look at the answers.

So one; geothermal power plants for electricity, two; tourism, three; fertile soil for farming.

Pause the video now, so you can tick or fix your answers.

Great work, everyone.

That brings us to the end of today's lesson.

A really big well done on all of the fantastic learning you've achieved today.

If you're able to, please take a picture of your work and ask your parents or carer to share it with your teacher, so they can see all of the fantastic things you've learned today.

And if you'd like, ask your parents or carer to send the picture of your work, to @OakNational on Twitter, so I can see all your lovely work too.

Don't forget to complete your end of lesson quiz.

Enjoy the rest of your learning today.