Lesson video

Hello, my name is Miss Chorekdjian.

I'm so excited to be learning with you today.

I will be helping you with your geography lesson.

We are going to have a great time learning together today.

Let's get started.

Welcome to today's lesson from our unit on climate zones.

What are they and why do they matter? This lesson is called, "Climate data and Patterns." Your learning outcome will be to read information from climate graphs and identify patterns in data.

Some of this learning is brand new, but I am here to help you.

This links back to previous learning you might have done about cold places and hot places, as well as learning about the position of Earth in space and how the position of Earth affects the climate.

You might have also thought about the relationship between lines of latitude, temperature, and climate zones.

I'm really excited to get started, I hope you are too.

These are the key words that we'll be using together in today's lesson.

Before we find out what they mean, let's practise saying them together.

Let's do my turn, your turn.

Climate graph, climate graph, data, data, horizontal axis, horizontal axis, vertical axis, vertical axis.

Good job everyone.

Let's go through and find out the definitions of our keywords.

Climate graph.

A climate graph shows the amount of precipitation and the temperature each month for a location.

Data.

Data is a collection of information that can be analysed to help us answer a question.

Horizontal axis.

The horizontal axis is the line of figures or data along the bottom of a graph.

Vertical axis.

The vertical axis is a line of figures or data that is at the side of a graph.

Well done everyone.

I want you to be using these keywords throughout our lesson as well.

These are the learning cycles that we will be working through together today.

First, we'll be looking at what climate graphs are, and then we will be thinking about what climate graphs tell us.

Are you ready to start your learning for today? Fantastic, let's start.

A graph is a type of chart that we can use to show data.

This bar graph is comparing different objects.

I like using graphs for pattern spotting.

Should we have a look at this graph and see what we can spot? So this is a bar graph that compares the length of objects.

You can see that the object is written along the horizontal axis and the length is written along the vertical axis and that's represented in centimetres.

So we can quite clearly see that the book is the longest object.

It has the longest length at 25 centimetres, and then we can see that the eraser is the shortest object because its length is only five centimetres.

So the main thing that we can use graphs for is to represent data and for pattern spotting within the data.

Climate graphs are special types of graphs used to show information about average weather conditions in a location.

They show how average weather conditions change over time.

Do you remember what we measure temperature and rainfall in? Have a think can tell your partner.

This pupil's got it right.

He said, "I remember we measure temperature in degrees Celsius." I wonder what his partner said.

"Yes, and I remember how we measure rainfall in millimetres." Well done if you said millimetres and degrees Celsius.

Those are both correct, good job.

It's time to have a quick check here.

Which of the following can show us how weather conditions change over time? Is it A, a thermometer, B, a climate graph, Or C, the weather forecast.

Pause the video and answer that check.

How did you get on? Did you say B? That's correct.

So we use climate graphs to show us how weather conditions change over time.

Well done if you got that right, you can give yourselves a thumbs up.

Good job everyone.

This is what a climate graph looks like.

The two main weather conditions that a climate graph looks at are the temperature and rainfall.

Remember that we said temperature is measured in degrees Celsius and rainfall is measured in millimetres.

You can also see along the bottom, on the horizontal axis that months are represented.

So this climate graph is looking at the temperature and rainfall in each month of the year.

Let's look in more detail at how we interpret information and data from a climate graph.

The red line shows temperature.

So when we are reading the temperature, we use the axis that is on the left, and we read it in degrees Celsius.

The blue bars show rainfall.

So again, when we are reading and interpreting the information in this graph, we look at the axis that's on the right where it says, "Rainfall." The horizontal axis shows the months of the year.

So all of that information together will tell us how much rain falls in each month and what the temperature was in each of those months.

Remember that the vertical axis shows the temperature in degrees Celsius, and remember we've got to look at this axis when we are looking at the red temperature line on the climate graph.

This vertical axis shows the rainfall in millimetres.

So remember when we are looking at the blue bars that represent the amount of rainfall, we've got to look at this axis.

It's now time for a quick check.

Complete the sentences by adding the units of measurement.

One temperature is how warm or cold something is.

We measure temperature in hmm, Celsius, and then the depth of the water is measured in hmm.

Pause the video and complete this check.

How did you get on? Did you say that temperature is how warm or cold something is and that we measure temperature in degrees Celsius? Well done if you got that right.

And for question two, did you say millimetres? Rainfall can be collected in a tube and then the depth of water is measured in millimetres.

Well done if you got both of those right, you can give yourself another thumbs up.

Let's continue with our learning.

It's now time for task A.

What I would like you to do is to complete the graph by adding the correct label to each axis.

The labels are given to you on the side.

Month, temperature in degrees Celsius and rainfall in millimetres.

Make sure that you label each axis correctly with each of those titles, and then I'd like you to complete the sentence at the bottom.

On a climate graph, the red line shows hmm, and the blue bars show hmm.

Pause the video and complete task A.

How did you get on, geographers? Did you label the graph like this? Temperature is the axis on the left, and that's measured in degrees Celsius.

Rainfall is the axis on the right, and that's measured in millimetres.

Both of those are vertical.

Did you label the horizontal axis at the bottom as month? Good job if you did.

So that shows us each month of the year and we use this climate graph to tell us the temperature and the amount of rainfall that we get in each month of the year.

Well done if you did that first part correctly.

How did you get on filling in the sentence? Did you say that on a climate graph the red line shows temperature and the blue bars show rainfall? Good job if you did that correctly, you can give yourselves another thumbs up.

That's fantastic learning so far.

Let's continue with our lesson.

Now that we've looked at climate graphs, we're going to explore what climate graphs tell us.

Climate data helps us to understand how weather changes over time.

Climate graphs can help us to spot patterns more easily because we can see some changes at a glance without studying the numbers.

Remember, it presents all that information clearly.

Information linked to temperature, rainfall, and the month of the year.

As we said, we can do this at a glance, like looking at how the sizes of the rainfall bars go up or down over time.

That means we don't have to study the numbers in detail.

We can spot the pattern quite quickly.

Here's another climate graph.

Rainfall is shown on the climate graph as bars.

Remember the bars are blue and rainfall is measured in millimetres.

You can see that on the vertical axis that's on the right.

It's one bar for each month of the year and the months are represented along the horizontal axis at the bottom.

The taller the bar, the more rainfall there is, so we can quite clearly see a pattern there.

We can see some taller bars and shorter bars.

The taller bars show us that there has been more rainfall and the shorter bars show us that there has been less rainfall in those months.

The shorter the bar, the drier it is.

So, the tallest bar must be the month with the most rainfall.

Can anyone have a look at this graph and tell us which bar is the tallest, which bar shows us the month that had the most rainfall? Pause the video and answer that question.

How did you get on? Did you say March? That's correct.

That is because the bar that is representing the month of March is the tallest.

It's very close to 300 millimetres, which is the top number that's represented on our climate graph.

Here's another climate graph.

Temperature is shown on a climate graph as a line joining up dots showing the average monthly temperatures.

So as you can see from our climate graph here, the dots show us the average temperature.

When the line goes up, the temperature is higher and that means that it's warmer.

Remember that temperature is measured in degrees Celsius, so when the temperature line is highest, that must be the hottest month.

I wonder if you can have a look at this climate graph and tell me which month is the hottest month.

Remember that you're looking at the red dots and the red line.

Pause the video and answer that question.

How did you get on? Did you say that the month of July was the hottest? That's correct, and that's because the temperature line is at its highest over the month of July.

Good job everyone.

It's now time for a quick check here.

What I would like you to do is to use this climate graph to identify the wettest month, the driest month, and the hottest month.

Pause the video and complete that check.

How did you get on? Did you say that the wettest month is November? And that's because the blue bar that's representing the month of November is the tallest, so that means the most rain fell in that month.

Next, the driest month.

Did you say that the driest month was April? That's correct.

And remember, we've got to look at the blue bar that's representing the month of April, and it's the shortest so that means the least amount of rain fell in that month.

Now moving on to the hottest month.

For those previous two questions we were looking at the rainfall, which was represented by the blue bars.

Remember for temperature, you're looking at the red dots and the red line.

So, the hottest month is July because that's where the red line is at its highest.

That means it's recorded the hottest temperature.

And remember that temperature is recorded in degrees Celsius.

Well done if you got all of those questions right for that check, you can give yourselves a thumbs up.

Well done everyone.

It's not easy interpreting information from a climate graph, but you're doing it really well.

Let's have a look here.

We've got two different climate graphs.

We can use these two climate graphs to compare climate zones.

Climate graphs show us that climate zones have different patterns of rainfall and temperature over a year.

So you can see by looking at the graph on the left, this climate zone is experiencing more rainfall and cooler temperatures, whereas the climate zone that's represented on the right is experiencing warmer temperatures but less rainfall.

Remember that the blue bars show us rainfall and remember that the height of the red dots and the red line show us the temperature of a location.

So we've got pictures here of two different climate zones.

Climate data can help people make choices about where and how to live.

Not all places on earth are suitable for humans to survive, so places that are very cold and icy or places that are very dry and hot.

Some places are too hot and too dry, like deserts, and other places are too cold, like the icy landscapes at the poles.

Humans can live in some places that are very hot or very cold by adapting to the climate.

That means that they make choices and changes to help them survive in that climate.

The Inuit people live in polar climates such as the far north of Canada in the Arctic climate zone.

How have these people adapted to this climate zone? You can see that they're wearing really thick clothes to keep them warm.

Maasai tribes live in Kenya, much closer to the equator.

Here it is very hot and dry.

Maasai people don't stay in one location.

They move around to find water, shelter and for better land for their farm animals.

So you can see that the Maasai people have adapted because they don't stay in one location.

They make choices about where to move to find water or shelter or area to feed their animals.

That's quite different to where we are and where we live, and that's quite different to how the Inuit people have adapted to living in the Arctic circle.

It's now time for a quick check.

These three climate graphs are for different locations.

Which location is the driest? So remember, you're looking at the blue bars, which show you the amount of rainfall.

So we're looking for an area that has the least amount of rainfall.

That tells us that that place is dry.

Pause the video and complete that check.

How did you get on? Did you say C? That's correct.

This climate graph shows us a location which is the driest because the least amount of rainfall is recorded here.

It's now time for task B.

What I would like you to do is to look at the two climate graphs for both locations A and B, and then I would like you to tick the correct column for each sentence to show whether or not that statement is true or false.

Before we start reading these sentences and comparing the climate graphs that are seen here for location A and B, we need to remember how we interpret information from a climate graph.

Remember the red dots and the red line shows the average temperature that was recorded in that month, and the higher the line, the higher the temperature.

Also, remember that rainfall is recorded in millimetres and that's represented by the blue bars.

So the higher the bar, the more rain that fell in that month.

The shorter the bar means that less rain fell in that month.

Let's have a look at the sentences that we need to compare for each location.

Both climate graphs show rainfall and temperature over a year.

Location B is wetter all year than location A.

The highest temperature of the year in location B is in July.

And the final sentence says, "The highest temperature of the year in location A is in January." Pause the video now and complete that task.

How did you get on? For the first statement, both climate graphs show rainfall and temperature over a year.

That was true.

Did you tick the column that says true? Well done if you did.

For the next statement, Location B is wetter all year than location A.

That's false.

Location A is actually wetter than location B.

Well done if you got that right.

For the third sentence, the highest temperature of the year in location B is in July.

Did you say that was true? That's correct.

It was the warmest month in location B.

And then for the final sentence, the highest temperature of the year in location A is in January.

Did you say that was true? That's correct.

The warmest temperature was recorded in January in location A.

Good job if you got that right.

You worked so hard in interpreting data from this climate graph.

You've done really well today thinking about climate graphs and the data that is presented in them, like rainfall and temperature, and you remember that rainfall is measured in millimetres and temperature is measured in degrees Celsius.

We've come to the end of our lesson now, so you can give yourselves one last thumbs up.

It's time to go through a quick summary of all the learning that we've completed together today.

Climate data can be presented in graphs in different ways.

Climate graphs usually show rainfall and temperature over a period of time, often as monthly figures over a year.

Climate graphs have a horizontal axis.

They have two vertical axis, one is for rainfall and one is for temperature.

Different climate zones have distinct patterns of rainfall and temperature throughout a year.

Climate has an impact on where and how people live.

Data from climate graphs can help people make decisions about many aspects of daily life.

Well done for joining me today and for sharing your learning with me.

I'll see you next time for more geography lessons soon.

Goodbye.