Lesson video

Hello, my name is Ms Jarek Jahn.

I'm so excited to be learning with you today.

I will be helping you with your geography lesson.

We're going to have such a great time learning together in this lesson.

Let's start our learning journey.

Welcome to today's lesson from our unit on Land Use, How diverse are local and UK landscapes? This lesson is called Land use in the locality.

You'll be learning to identify some types of land use in the locality using maps and aerial imagery.

Some of the learning is brand new, but I am here to help you.

This links back to previous learning you might have done exploring your local area and using maps and aerial photographs to study a special place.

We will build on and develop learning you may have done on the UK and what kind of place it is.

I'm really excited to get started, I hope you are too.

The key words we'll be using today are land use, map key, settlements and scale.

Let's do my turn, your turn.

Land use, land use.

Map key, map key.

Settlements, settlements.

Scale, scale.

Well done, I want you to be using these keywords throughout our lesson as well.

Let's think in more detail about what our keywords mean.

Here are some definitions of our keywords.

Land use is the function or purpose of a particular area.

A map key is a box of information on a map that tells you what the lines and symbols on the map mean.

Settlements are places where groups of people live and work.

The scale on a map shows what size the area represented in the map really is.

These are our learning cycles that we'll be working through together today.

First, we'll be learning about how our land is used.

Then, we'll be using aerial images to identifying land use, and finally, we'll be using maps and keys to identify land use.

Are you ready to start your learning today? Fantastic, let's begin.

Land use is about the type of land cover and how the land is used and managed by people.

There are lots of land use types.

Today we're going to investigate some of these, and learn how we can identify land use using aerial photographs and maps.

What different types of land use can you see in these photos? Pause the video and have a think here.

Well done, did you think about how land is used as a place to live, a place to work, or a place to grow food and produce? We will learn more about the specific examples of land use later in the lesson.

The first type of land use we'll look at is residential.

Residential land use includes houses or flats, including gardens, garages and outbuildings.

Next, we have commercial land use, which includes offices, shops, supermarkets, banks, or trading estates.

These are places where people sell things for a profit.

Our third type of land use is industrial.

Industrial land use includes land used for factories, quarries, power stations, and mines.

Let's have a little check here.

Which land use type includes quarries, mines and factories? Is it A, residential, B, commercial, or C, industrial? Pause the video now and answer this question.

How did you get on? Did you answer C, industrial? That's correct.

Industrial land use includes quarries, mines and factories.

Good job, I'll give you a thumbs up.

Let's learn about more different types of land use now.

Land use can also be used for transport.

Transport means moving people or goods from one place to another using different vehicles to travel across the land on railways, roads, ports, cycle routes, canals, and through airports.

Lots of land cover in the UK is agricultural.

This means it's used for farming livestock like cattle, or to grow crops, plants or vegetables.

It could also include fields and farm buildings.

Our next type of land use is wooded areas.

Woodlands include forests, copses, or woodlands.

They can be big or small, natural, or managed by people.

Let's have another little check here.

Which land use type includes offices, shops and supermarkets? Is it A, residential, B, commercial, C, agricultural, or D, woodland? Pause the video now and answer this question.

Did you answer B, commercial? Well done, that's right, give yourselves another thumbs up.

Let's continue with our learning.

It's now time for our first task.

Let's see if you can remember which land use is which.

Look carefully at the images of land use in the table and write the correct land use in the column on the table labelled type of land use.

You'll need to match the photos with the land use.

Use the word bank so you can spell each word correctly.

Pause the video and complete task A now.

How did you get on? Did you manage to match them all correctly? Let's go through them again and check.

The first type of land use looked at is residential.

Residential land use includes houses or flats including gardens, garages, and outbuildings.

Next, it's commercial land use, which includes offices, shops, markets, banks, and trading estates.

These are places where people sell things for a profit.

Our third type of land use is industrial.

Industrial includes land use for factories, quarries, and power stations.

The land use in the fourth row is used for transport like railways, roads, ports and airports.

The next row is agricultural.

This means it's used for farming.

It could be fields or farm buildings.

Our sixth and last land use type is wooded areas.

These could be forests, copses, or woodlands.

They could be natural or managed by people.

Good job, you worked really hard there.

Let's continue with our learning.

Now we're going to look at using aerial images to identify land use.

Aerial images are photographs taken by aircrafts or drones.

Look at this oblique image from the River Thames on the left.

An oblique image is slanted or tilted.

This is taken from an aircraft and we can see some of the size of the buildings, so they appear 3D, and we can tell how tall they are in relation to each other.

Now look at this vertical image of exactly the same location.

This view is sometimes referred to as a bird's eye view because the camera taking the photo is directly above the place it photographs.

In this vertical image, the camera is taking the photos of the tops of the buildings only.

Because the buildings are not 3D, we can't tell how tall they are.

As geographers, we also use satellites images to help us investigate a place.

These images have been taken by satellites orbiting the earth, and then companies like Google knit each individual photo together to create one blended image.

Google Earth and Digimaps allow us to switch between a satellite image and a map quickly and efficiently.

This can be done in Digimaps using the map, select a toolbar.

If you select aerial and ordinance survey, then use the toggle on the slider to move between the two images.

You can see the River Thames as a map and then as an aerial photograph, like I have here.

What looks the same? What looks different? Pause the video now and discuss this as a group.

How did you get on? In these images we can easily see how land is being used.

For example, where houses and buildings are, and where there are green spaces, railways or waterways.

Seeing which area is being used for different purposes is known as land cover.

In this aerial photograph the ground looks like a patchwork quilt, and if you look closely, some of the patches have stripes on them.

What could have made these? A tractor or farm machinery.

What type of land use can you see? Pause the video here and share answers as a class.

Remember we said we saw small stripes on the patches, and I told you that those could be a tractor or farm machinery.

Well, that gives us a clue that the land use here is agricultural.

The land has been used for farming.

What about this image? In this aerial photograph, the land is covered with small rectangular shapes next to long grey ribbons.

What type of land use can you see? Pause the video and discuss this as a class.

How did you get on? So, in this aerial photograph we can see lots of rooftops and small areas of green, which are gardens.

We can also see evidence of transport in the image as well.

Lots of roads run through the residential estate.

If you look closely enough, you can even see all of the cars which are on the road or parked.

So, the land use here is residential and transport.

This aerial photograph shows lots of round, dark, green, circular shapes.

What would this land use be? Pause the video and share your answers.

Yes, that's right, the land use here is woodland.

This is a deciduous forest.

Some types of land use are quite difficult to identify from aerial photographs.

In this image we can see lots of large, grey, rectangular buildings.

What type of land use can you see here? Pause the video and share your answers.

So in this picture, some of these are actually industrial and some are commercial, so it's not always easy to tell until we visit the places or we look at a street view image.

Let's have another little check here.

Which three land use types can we identify in this aerial image? A, transport, B, residential, C, industrial, or D, agricultural? Pause the video and answer this question.

The correct answer is A, transport, B, residential, and D, agricultural.

There's no evidence of industrial land use in this aerial image.

Well done, good job.

It's now time for task B.

Tell your geography buddy the main land use type in each aerial photograph, and explain how you know that based on what you see in the image.

There are three photographs for you to work through, and remember we've already looked through them together.

You can use the sentence stems to help you.

For example, in aerial photograph A, I can see, hmm, this tells me that land use is mainly, hmm.

Pause the video now and complete task B.

How did you get on with that task? Let's go through the answers together.

In aerial photograph A, I can see large, grey rectangles.

This tells me the land is mainly industrial.

In aerial photograph B, I can see round, green shapes.

This tells me the land is mainly woodland.

In aerial photograph C, I can see small, rectangular shapes next to long, grey ribbons.

This tells me the land is mainly residential and transport.

Good job, well done everyone.

I'm gonna give you another thumbs up there, fantastic.

So let's continue with the rest of our lesson.

Now we're on the final part of our learning for today.

We'll be using maps and keys to identify land use.

We can also get lots of clues from maps about the land use of an area.

Most of this information will come from the map key.

These are symbols used for roads and railways on Ordinance Survey Maps.

If we see these on a map, then the land use would be classed as transport.

Areas of woodland are usually coloured light green, and the type of woodland is indicated by the symbol used.

Coniferous and non-coniferous woodland can be shown using these symbols.

If an area of land is left white and has no buildings or transport on it, it could be an area of agriculture, but there is no Ordinance Survey symbol for farmland.

Are there any clues that some parts of this map might be agricultural? Have a close look at this map and pause the video now.

How did you get on? Did you get these three areas of agriculture? So there's a little clue, because it says farm.

Well done if you got that right.

This is the Ordinance Survey symbol for a building.

However, it doesn't always show us what type of building it is.

Here we can see lots of buildings arranged along roads with sections of white land in front and behind them, so those are their gardens.

We can assume that this is a residential area because we can guess that these are houses.

Industrial and commercial buildings use the same symbol as houses.

However, they might be labelled with the word, factory, if they are industrial.

They might also be much larger buildings than houses seen in a residential area.

You can see that it's labelled with the word, factory.

Let's have another little check here.

This is a true or false question.

So you have to think carefully about if this statement is true or not.

This Ordinance Survey symbol can only mean residential land use.

Have a think and pause the video now.

Is this statement true or false? Did you say false? That's right, it is false.

Now let's think about why it's false and not true.

Let's justify our answer with a reason to explain it.

Is the statement false because A, the same symbol is used for any type of building, including commercial and industrial buildings, or B, the same symbol can be used to show a field? Think about justifying why this statement is false.

Pause the video now.

How did you get on? The correct answer is A, this Ordinance Survey symbol can mean either residential land use or commercial and industrial land use, because the same symbol is used for any type of building.

Well done, give yourselves a thumbs up.

It's now time for task C.

For the first part of your task, you're going to investigate the land use of your local area.

I'm using an area of southwest Cardiff.

Using tracing paper, a map, and an aerial image of your local area, you will identify land use using a key to help you.

Because both maps are the same scale, one to 25,000, you will be able to move your tracing paper between each image to help you identify the type of land use.

Once you've completed your land use map, you can glue it to the top of either the aerial or the Ordinance Survey map, so you can lift the tracing paper and see the base layer.

For the second part of task C, I'd like you to answer these questions with a partner.

On your map, what is the main land use type? Are all areas coloured in? If not, then why? Would we get the same land use results if we chose a different area to study? Pause the video now and complete both parts of task C.

Good job, how did you get on? Here's my answer to the first part of task C.

Can you see where I've highlighted different types of land use in my local area? Your map may look similar to this depending on your local area.

If areas on the map contain more than one land use type, you can go with the majority of land use in that section.

Now, let's have a look at my answer to task C, part two.

Here are the answers to the questions.

The first question was on this map, what is the main land use type? Agricultural and woodland are the main land use types on this map.

Why are some areas not coloured in? Some areas do not fit into any of the six land use types, and so we have not coloured them in.

For example, leisure, sports facilities.

Would we get the same land use results if we chose a different area to study? No, and that's because different places have different land use types.

So, an easy example is housing.

Well done for working really hard in this lesson.

Let's go through a summary of the learning that we've completed together today.

We can group land use into different types, such as commercial or residential.

Aerial images and maps can help us to identify different types of land use.

Aerial images reveal patterns and colours in the landscape.

Maps and keys help us to identify industrial areas, fields, woods and built up areas with lots of roads.

You've been fantastic today.

Give yourselves one last thumbs up, and well done for joining me today and sharing your learning with me.

See you next time for more geography lessons soon, bye.