Lesson video

Hello, Mrs. Lomas here.

I am a primary school teacher that loves geography.

So I'm very excited to be joining your geography lesson today.

And I'm afraid I did have a sneaky peek on what today's lesson is, and it's really, really exciting.

So shall we find out what we're going to do? So today we are going to be designing a new settlement as part of our settlements unit where do people live and why? So hopefully now you can see why I was so excited to get started with today's lesson.

So by the end of today's lesson, you will design a new settlement that would be good for the future.

We have some keywords in today's lesson.

They are design, future, features and reflect.

So let's do some my turn, your turn, shall we? Design.

Future.

Features.

Reflect.

Well done.

Let's have a look at what those words mean, shall we? So a design is a drawing or plan of something before it is made or built.

The future is a period of time that is yet to come.

Features are definable aspects of the landscape and may be natural or human manmade.

And future and features sound a little bit similar, don't they? So try not to get those two mixed up.

And finally, to reflect is to think very carefully about something.

So keep an eye out for those words in today's lesson.

Today's lesson is split into two parts.

We have how will our settlements change in the future and how can we design a settlement for the future.

So let's get going with how will our settlements change in the future? We now understand why our local settlement was sited where it is and the reasons why it has developed.

But what will happen to our local settlements in the next 50 or 100 years? Here we can see a settlement from the 1890s going into the 1900s and finally, to today.

But what might it look like in the future? The population of the UK is projected to increase from an estimated 67.

1 million in 2025 to 69.

2 million in 2035.

What could this mean for our local settlement? Pause the video, have a class discussion and then come back when you're ready.

How did you get on? Hopefully you came up with some exciting developments, but there also may be a few issues as well that we will need to solve when we design our new settlement.

So let's do a quick check, shall we? What is expected to happen to the population of the UK? A, it will increase.

B, it will stay the same.

Or C, it will decrease.

So one more time.

What is expected to happen to the population of the UK? A, it will increase.

B, it will stay the same.

Or C, it will decrease.

Pause the video, have a think, and when you're ready to check your answers, come back.

How did you get on? If you said that A, it will increase, you would be correct.

Well done.

So let's think about how transport might change in the future.

People living in settlements need transport to get to work, school and to access services.

Instead of petrol cars, what could be a popular form of transport in the future? Pause the video, have a class discussion and come back when you're ready.

How did you get on? Don't forget the ideas you've come up with will then impact on how you design your settlement later.

We need energy to light and heat our homes and power appliances.

And at the moment, most homes and buildings are powered by traditional forms of energy, non-renewable fossil fuels and nuclear power.

What types of energy could be used in the future? What changes would there be to our settlement if all of our energy was from renewable sources? Pause the video, have a class discussion and come back when you're ready? How did you get on? There are some settlements in the world, which do use renewable types of energy as their main source of energy.

So before designing your settlement, you might just want to have a quick look at those with your teacher if you want.

And what about our homes? Settlements need enough houses for people to live in.

Houses come in all different shapes and sizes.

How could a home have more than one use? What would that mean for our settlements? Pause the video, have a class discussion and come back when you're ready.

How did you get on? I'm sure you came up with lots of very exciting ideas.

So let's have a little check, shall we? True or false? Settlements change and develop over time and will continue to change in the future.

Is that true or false? And then I want you to choose one of these to justify your answer.

So explain why you picked that answer.

Either A, developments in energy, transport and houses means settlements will need to change or B, settlements already have everything they need to serve the people who live there.

So I want you to decide whether this statement is true or false.

Settlements change and develop over time and will continue to change in the future.

And choose either A or B to justify your answer.

So A, developments in energy, transport and houses means settlements will need to change or B, settlements already have everything they need to serve the people who live there.

Pause the video, have a go and come back when you're ready to check the answers.

How did you get on? If you said that it is true, settlements will change and develop over time and they will continue to change in the future because A, developments in energy, transport and houses means settlements will need to change.

So it's time for task A.

I would like you to take one of the feature cards and discuss how this factor could be different in the next 50 to 100 years.

How will this affect your local settlement? So let's have a look, shall we? There is transport.

How will transport be different 50 to 100 years in the future? And what will that mean for our local settlement? So thinking maybe about more renewable transport or more environmentally-friendly transport.

Energy production.

Again, how will energy production be different 50 to 100 years in the future? And what will that mean for our local settlement? So again, thinking about more renewable energy.

If it's going to be from say a wind farm, are you gonna need to build a wind farm to help you out with that? Schools, how might schools be different 50 to 100 years in the future? And what will that mean for our local settlement? Will they all be inside? Will there be some outside schools? Will you need more schools or bigger schools if the population is going to grow? And houses, how would homes be different 50 to 100 years in the future? And what will that mean for our local settlement? Are you going to need more homes, less homes? Are they going to need to be smaller, bigger? How are they going to be powered? Will they have more than one use because of the space? I'm sure you have a lot more ideas than I do.

So I want you to take one of the feature cards and discuss how this factor could be different in the next 50 to 100 years.

When you've had a go, come back and we'll have a look at some ideas I came up with.

How did you get on? Did you think of any of these ideas? So transport.

More electric vehicles and improved public transport means less reliance on cars.

So there's fewer car parks and petrol stations.

Schools.

Older children might attend virtual schools, meaning a reduced need for secondary school buildings.

Energy production.

More renewable energy produced in Britain, more wind farms on and offshore, solar panels on more buildings.

And houses, solar panels on roofs and charging points for cars.

Multi-use homes as more people are working or learning at home and gardens with room to grow their own food.

If you want to add in any of my ideas to yours, you can pause the video and do that now and you can also share your ideas.

So we've had a look at how will our settlements change in the future.

So now let's have a look at how can we design a settlement for the future? If we are looking at how settlements are designed and what might happen to our local settlement in the future, we need to have a think, don't we? And remind ourselves what is a settlement.

So how do we define a settlement? A settlement is a place where people live and work.

Settlements come in many different types, from small hamlets to enormous mega cities.

This settlement is a village, which usually has a few services, typically a place of worship, and you can see the church very clearly there, can't you in the picture? A post office, a school, and a pub.

It has a population of 500 to 3,000 people.

What services and features might you see on an OS map of a typical village? Pause the video, have a think, and then come back and check your answers.

How did you get on? There are A and B roads.

There might be a footpath, a bridleway, which is a path or trek along which horse riders have a right of way.

A post office, a picnic site, a bridge, a telephone box, a place of worship and parking, and maybe even a public house or a pub.

So here you can see the A and B roads.

Here's a footpath, a bridleway.

This is the correct symbol.

Here's the post office, a picnic site.

There's the symbol, there's a bridge, telephone box, place of worship, and a public house.

And you can see the symbol for parking there as well, can't you? So I want you to tell your partner the meaning of each symbol.

Okay, pause the video, have a go, come back and we'll check the answers.

How did you get on? So your options are you have A and B roads, footpath, bridleway, parking, picnic site, bridge, telephone box, place of worship, and post office.

If you think, oh, I didn't quite get that one down, I'll just give you a moment now to change anything you need to change, okay? And then we're gonna match them up.

So here we have our A and B roads and it's really important to remember about the colour.

So A roads are pink and B roads are orange.

And there are other major roads, such as blue motorways, but we wouldn't find those in a village.

There's your footpath, your bridleway, parking, picnic site, bridge, telephone box, place of worship.

There are three different symbols for churches.

The square with a cross means a current or former place of worship with a tower.

The circle with a cross is a current or former place of worship with a spire, minaret or a dome.

And the cross on its own is a place of worship without a tyre, a tyre, I don't think so, without a tower, spire or dome.

And the black P is post office.

So the white P in a blue box is parking and the black P is post office.

So colours are really important when you're looking at OS map symbols.

Today you are going to take on the role of a professional geographer, a town planner, and they plan and design new settlements.

You are going to design a brand new village and we want to think how can we make sure your village is fit for the future? So future settlements will need to have a range of transport facilities and services.

And here this little girl says, "I think most cars will be electric in the future.

So we might need fewer petrol stations and more charging points." And future settlements will need to consider the natural environment as well.

And this little boy here says, "I think people in the future will be trying to protect wildlife.

So there might be lots of natural areas planned into new settlements." We know that settlements develop over time.

What specific features might a new settlement need to have to be fit for the future? Discuss your ideas with your geography buddy and be ready to share your ideas.

So I want you to pause the video and you're going to discuss with your geography buddy what specific features might a new settlement need to have to be fit for the future? Have a go, have a discussion and when you're ready, come back and have a look at some of the ideas I've thought of.

How did you get on? Did you get any of these? Electric charging points.

Electric vehicles will replace petrol and diesel cars eventually, so a new village will need to accommodate them.

Improved public transport reduces the need for cars and car parks.

Providing online services to reduce the need to travel for work.

More walking and cycling routes.

Not too many buildings, preserve the natural countryside and enhance biodiversity.

Sports facilities to keep people fit and healthy.

You might have thought of some others as well.

So now it's time for task B.

We are going to design a new settlement fit for the future.

We're going to represent and share our geographical ideas by making a map of our new village.

You will be able to choose some of your own features to add, but you must include a small housing estate.

Show how the settlement is connected to other places by roads, pathways, and cycle tracks.

Use OS map symbols so that everybody understands your ideas and make a key to reference these symbols in.

Okay? You can decide where on this empty map you will put your village and where each feature will go, okay? And you can add in any other features you think that you'll need.

When you're finished, come back and we are going to do a second part to this task.

How did you get on? I bet you designed some amazing villages, haven't you? So now for the second part of this task, you're going to take turns to talk to your geography buddy about your settlement designs, explaining the features that you have included and why you have located them in particular places.

What similarities and/or differences have you noticed between your designs? Are there any features that everyone has included? And why do you think this? So for the second part of this task, you're going to take turns with your geography buddy and explain your settlement designs.

Have a look at the similarities and differences, and then as a class, have a look and see if there are any features that everybody has included.

And why do you think this is? Pause the video and come back when you're ready.

Well done, everybody.

So let's have a little look at our summary for designing a new settlement.

New settlements can be designed and built.

Future settlements may need specific features to be fit for the future.

Geographical ideas can be represented and shared by making maps and models.

Settlements change and develop over time and will continue to change in the future.

Well done, everybody.

I hope you had lots of fun designing your new settlements.

Can you see now why I was so excited about this lesson? I hope you had a really good time and that is actually a job that you can do in the real world when you grow up if you want to.

How exciting.

I said exciting too many times, so I'm gonna leave it there.

Don't forget to do the exit quiz, just so we can see if there's anything we need to recap before you move on to your next unit.

Bye.