Hello, Mrs. Lomas here.

I am a private school teacher who is a little bit obsessed by geography.

Maybe you could say.

So I'm really excited to be joining you for your geography lesson today.

So let's find out what we're going to do, shall we? So today's lesson is all about introducing sustainability and it's part of our sustainable world does it matter how we live unit.

By the end of today's lesson, you will be able to explain what sustainability means to you and start to identify choices that can be made with this in mind.

We have three key words today.

They are natural resources, inequality, and consumption.

Let's do my turn, your turn.

Natural resources.

Inequality.

Consumption.

Well done.

Let's find out what these words mean.

Natural resources are those that come from earth without human influence and can be used for human needs.

Inequality is when something is not shared evenly between everyone and consumption is the process of using up resources.

So keep an eye out for those words in today's lesson.

Our lesson today is in three parts.

What is sustainability? Why is there a need for sustainability? And do our choices matter? In the first part, we will explore the meaning of sustainability so we all understand this important concept.

Then we will be asking why there is a need for sustainability in the second part of our lesson.

And in the final part of the lesson, we will look carefully at our choices and think about their consequences to help us understand why they matter.

Things happen because of our choices.

These things are known as consequences.

For example, if we kick a ball, it moves.

The movement is a consequence of the kick.

We have a lot of great geography to get through.

So let's get going.

Oh, hello Sophia and Jacob, what were you both talking about? I keep hearing people talk about sustainability.

Me too.

The Prime Minister was even talking about it on the news.

I'm not really sure what it means.

Do you know what sustainability is? Have you ever heard of the term sustainable or sustainability before? It's a word used a lot these days by people on TV and in the news by scientists, politicians, teachers, and maybe even your friends.

Do you know what sustainability is? Pause the video, have a class discussion and come back when you are ready.

How did you get on? In 1987, the United Nations defines sustainability as meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

When we compromise, we do less than we intended to do.

So if we are compromising the ability of future generations or people in the future, we are leaving them less able to do what they need to do.

But what are these needs? A need is something that can be essential or non-essential.

For humans, we have four basic needs that need to be met in order for us to survive.

Number one, shelter.

Protection from the elements and from predators who might eat us.

Over time, our shelters have become very sophisticated.

Think of all the differences between your house and a cave.

Number two, warmth.

Originally, this was from fire, but now it's central heating in our homes.

However, in some areas it is protection from heat that matters more than warmth.

Number three, food and water.

Food and water keep us hydrated and supplied with enough energy to function.

Today we have a huge range of choices when it comes to the types of food we eat.

And number four, breathable air.

All humans need this to survive.

These are the essential needs, but there are other needs that we use or like, but that aren't essential.

These are non-essential for life.

For example, it's nice to have a soft pillow to sleep on at night, but it's not essential to our existence.

Can you think of any other essential needs? For example, do we need to be loved and cared for? Pause the video, have a class discussion and come back when you're ready.

How did you get on? Let's do a quick check, shall we, which of these are essential human needs? A shelter, B soft bed, C food, or D warmth? Pause the video.

Have a go and come back when you're ready to check your answers.

How did you get on? If you said that A shelter, C food, and D warmth were all essential human needs, you would be correct.

Well done.

But there is more than one definition of sustainability.

This definition comes from Greenpeace, an independent movement of people who try to defend the natural world.

They have a bit more to say about sustainability.

They explain sustainability is a way of using resources that could continue forever.

A sustainable activity is able to be sustained without running out of resources or causing harm.

If something is unsustainable, it means it's using up resources faster than they're being replaced.

Eventually the resources will run out and the activity won't be able to carry on.

An example of an unsustainable activity would be eating all the sweets in a bag until there is nothing left.

At that point, the enjoyment of eating would end.

So in the UN definition of sustainability, it mentioned meeting our needs now without harming the ability of future generations to meet their needs, which basically means don't use everything up now or there won't be anything left for people who haven't been born yet.

Let's look at an example of this.

Imagine there's a small forest behind your house.

You can take wood from the forest to build a fire, repair the roof, or add extra rooms if you need more space.

If you get greedy and take wood more quickly than the trees can grow back, the forest will get smaller and eventually disappear.

But if you manage the forest sustainably only taking as much as can naturally regrow, you'll enjoy a steady supply of wood forever.

Of course, in the real world, sustainability isn't usually this simple.

The most important resources are part of huge, complex systems that are linked in unexpected ways.

But the basic idea of staying in balance with nature as it regenerates itself still holds true.

Let's have a quick check, shall we? What did these definitions have in common? Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs from the UN in 1987.

And sustainability is a way of using resources that could continue forever from Greenpeace in 2024.

So what do they have in common? A, they both say something about the future.

B, they suggest that we are using up the planet's resources too quickly, or C, they suggest that the way many people live today can carry on as it is.

So pause the video, have a go and come back when you're ready to check your answers.

How did you get on? If you said that A, they both say something about the future and B, they suggest that we are using up the planet's resources too quickly.

You would be correct.

Well done.

Sustainability can be defined as meeting the needs of today without preventing future generations from doing so.

So it's time for your first task today.

For task A, I would like you to explain what sustainability means to you by either making a poster definition that you could display in your classroom or sharing your ideas with your geography buddy.

So one more time.

I want you to explain what sustainability means to you by either making a poster definition that you could display in the classroom or sharing your ideas with your geography buddy.

Use this sentence starter, sustainability is.

Pause the video, have a go and come back when you're ready.

How did you get on? So did you share your ideas with a geography buddy, or did you write a definition like Lucas here? He said, I made a poster to put up in the classroom.

It said sustainability is about meeting the needs of today without preventing future generations from doing the same.

So we've had a look at what is sustainability.

Now we can explore why there is a need for it.

Some of you may already have some ideas about this.

The Earth is a beautiful planet that contains all the natural resources that humans need for life.

Shelter, warmth, and food.

Natural resources can be renewable like water and wood or non-renewable like the fossil fuels, coal, oil, and natural gas.

Non-renewable resources are finite and will eventually run out.

If we run out of the resources that we need or use them up too quickly, then we will experience shortages of essential resources for food, water, and energy.

If we use these natural resources sustainably today, then they will still be available in the future.

But humans need to be careful.

Even renewable resources could be exhausted or damaged beyond use if they are not used sustainably.

Are natural resources being used sustainably? For example, what would happen if all of the trees in this photo were cut down? Pause the video, have a class discussion and come back when you're ready.

How did you get on? According to the World Wildlife Fund, collectively humans use as many ecological resources as if we lived on almost two earths.

This erodes our planet's health and humanities prospects.

Ecological resources are similar to natural resources that we have already talked about.

The average human currently demands 1.

6 times more resources than Earth can regenerate.

Human demand and natural resources are unevenly distributed across the earth.

There is great inequality across the world about who gets what, where, when, and why.

The average person in a rich country consumes up to 10 times more natural resources than the average person in the poorest countries.

This is a generalisation.

Remember, there are also inequalities within countries.

Some people in rich countries may not consume many resources at all.

There will also be people in poorer countries who will consume the same amount of resources as those in richer countries.

On average, an inhabitant of a wealthy continent like North America consumes around 90 kilogrammes of resources each day.

While in Africa, on average, people consume only around 10 kilogrammes per day.

If everyone lived like wealthy people in the richer parts of the world, then we would be using the resources of even more than two planets.

Whereas if everyone lived like the least wealthy people in the poorer parts of the world, we would be using the resources of less than one planet.

So let's have a quick check, shall we? Who consumes the most natural resources? A, most people living in poor countries.

B, everyone consumes the same amount.

Or C, wealthy families living in rich countries.

Pause the video, have a go and come back when you're ready to check your answers.

How did you get on? If you said that C, wealthy families living in rich countries consume the most natural resources.

You would be correct.

Well done.

Okay.

So for your second task today, task B, I would like you to complete the paragraph using the words from the word bank.

The words you have are consume, unevenly, natural resources and future generations.

And the paragraph is, sustainability can be defined as meeting the needs of today without preventing from doing so.

The earth is a beautiful planet that contains all the, that humans need for life.

Shelter, warmth and food.

Human demand and natural resources are shared across the earth.

Most people in rich countries up to 10 times more natural resources than most of those in the poorest countries.

So for task B, I would like you to fill in the missing words from the paragraph.

And your missing words are consume, unevenly, natural resources and future generations.

Pause the video, have a go and come back when you're ready to check your answers.

How did you get on? Let's check our answers.

So sustainability can be defined as meeting the needs of today without preventing future generations from doing so.

The Earth is a beautiful planet that contains all the natural resources that humans need for life.

Shelter, warmth and food.

Human demand and natural resources are unevenly shared across the earth.

Most people in rich countries consume up to 10 times more natural resources than most of those in poorest countries.

How did you get on? Now's your chance to pause the video if you need to make any corrections.

The final part of our lesson today is about our choices.

We have just found out that while humans all have similar needs, these unmet in unequal ways, I wonder how our choices can affect sustainability.

Before we go any further, let's just clarify what a choice actually is.

A choice is the act of choosing between two or more possibilities.

The choices that we make have consequences.

These can affect people, places, and the environment at a local or global level.

Can you think of some choices that you have made today? Pause the video.

Have a class discussion.

Come back when you are ready.

How did you get on? Aisha and Deep Izzy and Jacob have answered this question, which things can we choose? And this is what they said.

Aisha said, she gets to choose what she eats.

Her mom asks her what she would like for tea, and she can choose from some options and Deep gets to choose what he spends his pocket money on.

I bet that's a tough decision.

Jacob is allowed to choose what he does when he gets home from school.

And Izzy chooses who she plays with.

These children don't always get to make these decisions.

Sometimes they are made for them by their parents, friends, or because of other restrictions like money or time.

Do you get to choose any of these? Pause the video, have a class discussion.

Come back when you're ready.

How did you get on? As young people, you might sometimes feel like your choices are limited, but you do have some power to act on your choices about where you go, how you get there, and what you eat and what you do.

Our choices have consequences.

These can have a local or even global impact.

Listen to what happened after Aisha and Jacob made their choices.

Aisha said she ate all of her lunch so no food was wasted.

And Jacob said he walked home from school.

So he saved petrol, a natural resource.

We need to be aware of consuming too many natural resources, especially when resources are not equally distributed.

And people, some people have access to very few natural resources.

And instead of wasting valuable resources, we can reduce, reuse and recycle them.

Environmental issues like sustainability can sometimes feel too big and serious for us to change.

But remember, there is a range of possible futures and uncertain outcomes that we have the power to affect.

Nothing about sustainability is certain, we can all work to improve sustainability through our choices.

So let's have a little check shall we? Do our choices affect global sustainability? A, yes, we have the power to do some things that will positively affect the future.

B, no, the outcome of global sustainability is already decided.

Or C.

No, we are just individuals.

Our choices make a tiny difference that can't have a global impact.

Pause the video, have a go and come back when you're ready to check your answers.

How did you get on if you said that yes, we have the power to do some things that will positively affect the future.

You would be correct.

Well done.

Your final task today is to think about the choices that you are free to make on a daily basis.

Record the choices that you had to make yesterday, what your decision was and what the consequences were.

Let's look at the example for some ideas.

The choice is how should I travel to school? They decided to go on their scooter, and the consequence of this action was that it saved natural resources by not going in a car that would use petrol.

But the downside was they got wet because it rained.

Sometimes our choices can have positive and negative consequences.

See how many choices you can remember and write them down on the table.

So one more time.

You are going to think about the choices you made yesterday.

Record what the choice was, the decision you made, and the consequence of this.

There could be a negative and a positive consequence.

Pause the video, have a go and come back when you are ready.

How did you get on? Did you have any choices similar to these.

Choice.

How should I travel to school? Decision, on my scooter.

Consequence, I saved petrol by scooting, but I got wet because it rained.

Choice.

What should I have for lunch? Cheese and tomato pizza.

But the consequence was that the cook used ingredients to make this for me and my family had to pay for it.

Choice.

Who shall I play with? Decision.

My friends Laura and Jun.

Consequence.

We all had a fun playtime, but I didn't have time to see my little brother.

And finally, the last choice.

What should I do after school? The decision, play on my games console.

The consequence.

I reached a new level, but I used some electricity and forgot to do my homework.

I wonder if you were surprised by how many choices you actually had to make in your day.

So let's sum up our learning today.

We started the lesson trying to agree on a definition for sustainability.

Even though there were lots of different definitions, they all agreed that sustainable can be defined as meeting the needs of today without preventing future generations from doing so.

Then we learned that there is great inequality across the world about who gets what, where, when, and why.

Both in demand and consumption.

And finally we learned that we all have power to enact some choices about where we go, how we get there, what we eat, and what we do.

This is really important when we think about sharing resources with everyone on planet Earth now and with those to come in the future.

Well done on today's lesson, everybody.

It's definitely made me think about the choices I make and maybe how I could be more sustainable when I'm making those choices.

I hope you've got a lot to think about as well.

Hopefully I'll see you again soon for another lesson.

Bye.