Lesson video

Hello, I'm Mr. Hutchinson, welcome to Geography.

We've been learning all about population and today is our final lesson in the unit.

In our last lesson, we started to write an essay, we started to bring together everything that we've learned into one big piece of writing, where you have a chance to pull together all of your ideas, apply all of your knowledge, and really build your own argument, try and convince the reader of something.

And it was framed around this big question that we had of, a lack of food is the biggest population challenge of our time.

To what extent do you agree? So we start off with a statement, somebody saying something, and what they're saying is, look, I think a lack of food, that's the biggest population challenge, the biggest challenge to do with population that we have is lack of food.

And your question is to what extent? How far? How much do you agree with that statement? Do you agree with it completely? In which case you'll need to argue that using your knowledge, using all of that information you've learned over this unit? Or maybe you disagree with it, and you want to say no, I want to argue against this and show that this statement is wrong.

In which case, again, if you do that convincingly, you need to use your knowledge, you need to use facts, you need to use data, and you've got that at hand because you've worked so hard over the course of this unit.

So, go and grab your stuff that you'll need for today's lesson.

You of course, going to need something to write on, that could be a computer if you're typing out, but it could also be a piece of paper.

I find it's better to hand write these essays, I think it goes in more, it gives you a bit more time to think, it allows you to process your ideas a little bit more, but if you want to work on a computer, that's okay as well.

So make sure you've got that notebook and any materials that you've got in terms of notes, in terms of previous work, in terms of the first part of your essay, grab that as well, take a moment to read through it.

In fact, I'm going to ask you to pause now, to give you time to do that.

'Cause that's a really important step that will help to get your brain back into that place of population and all of this different information.

So grab all that stuff now, pause the video and take a moment, just to refresh your memory, of everything that we've been learning about.

Awesome work, so we're ready to go and let's get straight into it.

So in our last lesson, we looked at the first four sections of our essay, today we're only going to be looking at three sections.

The reason for that is because, in the lesson just before our essay writing, we looked at the population of the UK into a greater depth view of the UK and looked at data across the UK.

And I don't think that we're going to need to explore, and explain lots of that in terms of this wider question of food shortages and how that might affect population.

So we're just going to write three sections today of some of the other lessons that we studied together.

So again, just like in our last lesson, we're going to plan the section and then write the section.

First of all, can you remember what an essay is? What is an essay? Tell me, what is it? Talk to your screen? Who cares? What's an essay? Explain it, can you explain what an essay is to somebody? Can't hear you.

Okay, maybe you're doing in your head, that's okay too.

So an essay is something you're going to write lots and lots of essays, it's a really common tool it's really good idea to get some practise in now and get really good at writing the.

An essay is a factual piece of writing and it's a long piece of writing, that focuses on a particular subject.

It can be about anything that essays and all sorts of different subjects, disciplines, and topics.

And they just show you, that you know this really, really well.

They're well organised, they're well argued, they include lots of technical vocabulary.

For us to write and finish our essay today, we need to get our planning sheet ready because we always, always plan our essays.

That's a really important step, the more you practise it, the quicker you will get to there, and writing an essay will be a really pain in this episode.

So people find it really tough and you will say, hey, it's a piece of cake, I know the process, I get my planning sheet ready, I jot down my ideas for each section and then I put them into nice, full sentences and make my argument.

So if you're a table, just like in your last lesson, you need three sections this time with a column for key information, a column for key vocabulary, and just the section name along the left hand side.

So pause the video and make your planning sheet now.

Don't skip that, don't think, now I'm just going to go straight into writing, get your planning sheet ready so that you can jot down all of your ideas and gather your thoughts for each section.

Great, planning sheet ready, you've revisited your old notes, we're ready to go.

So, in section five of our essay, we looked at the first four sections, we're going to be remembering our last lesson on slum settlement.

So slum settlements around the world, and you'll remember when we were studying that lesson, we talked about how this word slum is quite loaded, some people don't like it, they say it's quite offensive, it's not very sensitive, it might have negative comment connotations, especially for the people living there.

We're going to stick with the word slum because it's used in lots of different reports across Geography and across the World, and so we'll stick with that term, but just be aware of the language and how it might not be welcomed by some people who might think it's best to use a different word.

But they're all slams settlements all around the world, and there's perhaps up to a billion people living in slum settlements around the world.

And we saw that there informal settlements and they often have very large populations, so I just made that a bit bigger so that you can see it, they're the informal settlements often very large populations, and they might not have access to the sorts of services that necessary for a decent standard of life, a decent quality of life, decent health care, protection, security, these sorts of things may not be there.

I say may not 'cause they might be there, obviously experiences differ, but they may not be there within slum settlements or generally.

Some of the vocabulary that you might be using is you might be talking about the different factors that create and develop slums. You might talk quite though, so in terms of those factors, you might talk about urbanisation, migration, colonialism, and colonisation, poverty, the living conditions within slums, although varied, how can they be? Their sanitation is fresh, is wastewater getting out? Are we getting fresh water in? Is their education available, reliable, free? Remember that there are perhaps more than up to a billion people living in slum settlements around the world, and it will be worth mentioning that.

And the UN Report that we looked at when we studied this lesson talks about how recognising the challenges faced by people living in slum settlements is an important part of challenging some of the difficulties and also offering some solutions, including upgrading slum settlements, so that there better places to live in terms of having more security and access to the sorts of services that are needed.

In some cases that might mean removing slum settlements to allow for more permanent, formal settlements to be built, it could mean relocating certain sections to better areas.

So once you've got all of those facts and skipped back, so it just to give you a moment to make sure that you've got all of these ideas down, 'cause I've been through a lot of ideas and vocabulary, so pause the video and jot down anything, that you've missed out, and you might want to add your own ideas as well.

Awesome, so now you've got a great plan in front of you, you've got lots to write about, lots of different ideas to write about.

And of course, this is going to relate to our question of a lack of food is the biggest population challenge of our time.

Do you agree with that? You can link some of these ideas you're discussing them, you can refer back to that question that will make a great essay.

So pause the video, right? Use your plan to write the next section of your essay, and remember to refer back to that question.

Great work, you've got section five done now, and we're getting towards the end of your essay, you're almost there, so keep going, make sure that you complete this whole essay, you'll be really proud of it when you do.

Let's move on to our next section, section six.

So in section six, we talked about an ageing population, how an ageing population, again, there might be some benefits associated with ageing populations, but there can also be some challenges created by that.

What can you remember about it? For this one, I want you to fill in this planning sheet without me going first, with all of the different ideas that you can remember about an ageing population.

Once you've done that, you can restart the video and I'll tell you what I would put in this section, if I was writing this essay.

Okay, hopefully you've got lots of ideas or why didn't you remember lots of different things well if you did, it's important to have them in your head and retrieve them, it'd be playing around with them.

That's going to make them stick in there longer, make you cleverer.

So some of the things I talk about there is how the population is ageing around the world, it's affecting every country, countries at different rates, but every country is getting an ageing population more and more older people, and oftentimes fewer younger people.

That can create challenges around healthcare, around looking after more elderly people who are more likely to have medical needs.

And we looked in particular, one case study, we looked at Japan, which has an ageing population, and Japan has already begun to try to put some measures in place, not necessarily that successfully, but many other nations are looking to Japan to see how you have this ageing population already.

How are you dealing with it? What can we learn from you? Some of the key vocabulary to talk is the workforce.

I talk what taxes you needs to be working to pay taxes, if you're an ageing population, people not in work and they won't be paying taxes.

That might be a strain on the healthcare system, might need a larger healthcare system with more people.

The birth rates can affect an ageing population, especially if the birth rates are dropping, as they seem to be around the world.

We looked at Japan, we looked about how this is happening across the globe in terms of the ageing population, and that may lead to a population decline.

The population low, currently growing this ageing population might lead to a decline, the population actually going down eventually across the world.

Let me tell you about how a one way that Japan tried to solve this problem, is through different incentives, encouraging people to have more children.

They did that through various ways, including tax breaks, enhanced paternity leave, enhanced maternity leave, better childcare and more childcare, trying all of those different incentives to give people a reason to have more children.

So you're ready to write your next section now, I'm going to to let you get straight on with it.

'Cause I know that you're probably ready to go straight into this paragraph so, or these paragraphs, so pause the video and I'm going right in this section.

Well done, and we're almost there with our final paragraph to write now, and you've already brought together so much of the knowledge that you had, look back at that paragraph, did you refer to the essay question? Is easy, as I said before, it's easy just to write about everything that you know, in a fairly random way, whereas it's right, it's good, it's interesting, but it's not referring to that question.

So have a look at what you've written so far, is that answering this question here, a lack of food is the biggest population challenge of our time.

To what extent do you agree? There isn't you might want to add in a sentence or two.

Do feel free to pause the video and do that now if you'd like to.

Otherwise, let's get started with section seven, our final section, and we talked about feeding the planet here, which is of course, what our essay question is asking us is all about, how do we feed the planet? We looked at some of the facts around feeding the planet.

We looked at the sorts of food that's available and we looked at which areas are under nourished, in which areas around the world, people don't have enough access to nutritious food, that's affordable and readily available, and that's different around the world.

We also looked at some of the ways that very clever people have been trying to solve some of these challenges, including using these things hydroponics, where soil isn't needed, so it doesn't matter if the soil is poor quality, to help grow more crops near where they're needed.

And we looked at how other technology is used to help support small scale farmers.

And most farmers are small scale farmers, they're not huge enterprises creating lots and lots and lots of food for thousands of people.

Most agricultural workers around the world, are just these small scale farmers.

So how can we support these small scale farmers to produce enough food in their local area.

What's some of the key vocabulary that you use when we're talking about feeding the planet, and talking about these different ideas.

What are some of the vocabulary that you'll use? And also, did I forget anything in the key information box, you might have remembered some stuff that I've forgotten, in which case add that in as well.

So pause the video, and add anything I've forgotten in the key information and complete your key vocabulary column.

And once you've done that, you can restart the video.

Great work, so here's the vocabulary I would have used, and you can add it in as always, if you didn't remember it.

So I might talk about how there are some people around the world who are under nourished, they don't have enough food.

But there are also on the flip side, there are some people who are obese, who are eat so much food that they become so overwhelmed weight that it becomes, it makes their health at risk.

We might talk about food production, food production around the world, and how easy it is to produce food in different places, and whether enough food is being produced.

But you may remember from our lesson, that food waste is also huge.

You might want to look back through your notes and collect some of the facts and figures around food waste and just there tremendous amount of food that is thrown away.

You may want to include the key vocabulary, food security around making sure that an area always has access to nutritious, affordable, readily available accessible food.

And then ensuring that that can be distributed, can be spread out to where it needs to get to.

We could have a food security problem, or we could have a food distribution problem.

They require slightly different solutions.

Hydroponics is one of the, in terms of food security and food production.

Making sure that no matter how poor the quality of the soil is you're still able to grow plants.

Supporting farmers and making sure that technology is used, even simple technology and it gets out to the people that need it.

There've been some real success stories across the world in terms of increasing the amount of food, which means that there is enough food produced each year to feed everybody on the planet.

And yet large numbers still go under nourished at the moment.

So you've got plenty to write about there it relates directly to the question.

So don't forget to refer back to the question, pause the video and write your final section.

Wow, well done, you're done, amazing, you finished.

You've written an entire essay, all about food, all about population, some of the big challenges that's facing the world today, and you are in a place, you're in a position, you're ready, you've got the knowledge to start to have conversations around those problems and around how we might solve them from a factual base and I'm really excited that you are going to be able to go into the world armed with that knowledge, I'm sure playing a part in solving some of these problems. But I actually I sort if lied less with you, there's one more thing to do, there's just one tiny little thing.

We've written off full essay, but we had a big question and I think it's really important just to make sure that really clearly answer it.

And so we're going to write a quick conclusion together.

I've written a lot of it for you, so you can feel free to use my sentences if they're more helpful, but we need to answer our question of, do we think that food shortages are the biggest problem? So my conclusion, where I just really directly answer that question, but looks something like this, as we have seen, the population of earth is, what would you put in that.

Clearly, this presents different challenges, as well as benefits.

Overall food shortages should or shouldn't you can choose, or you might be somewhere in between, be considered the greatest challenge because, and you need to give that reason that's where you draw on everything else that you've written about to make your argument.

So pause the video and make sure you've got your conclusion, clearly answering the question, so that, everything building up to this final conclusion helps to show why you are right.

Amazing work, now you really all finished, I promise no more writing, and well done for writing so much, well done for working so hard I'm really impressed with you, I've really enjoyed these lessons.

I hope you've learned a lot from them, I hope that you are feeding a lot cleverer and I hope that you understand how studying geography and it help us to understand our world a lot better in a really helpful way.

There's still an end of blessing quiz.

So please make sure that you complete that, it's the last one that you will have to do, and it's a good way to lock in those different facts.

So click next at the end of this and complete that quiz.

And if you'd like to share the essay that you wrote on social media, you deserve to get lots of praise for extra work you had on there, then as usual, you can ask your parents or carer to snap a quick photo and just pop it onto Instagram, Facebook, or Twitter, and your parents or carers just need to tag in @OakNational, #LearnwithOak.

Thank you so much for your attention.

Thank you so much for working so hard.

I really think that you're amazing for doing that, and I'll see you next time.