Hello, Mrs. Lomas Lobo here.

I am a primary school teacher that loves teaching geography, so I'm very excited to be sharing your lesson with you today.

So shall we have a look at what we're going to be learning all about today? Today we are looking at the distance food travels as part of our farms and factories: where does our food come from unit.

By the end of today's lesson, you will be able to explain what food miles are and analyse the positive and negative impacts of both locally produced and imported food.

We have some keywords in today's lesson.

They are exported, carbon footprint, greenhouse gas emissions, food miles, and intensive agriculture.

Let's do my turn, your turn, exported, carbon footprint, greenhouse gas emissions, food miles, intensive agriculture.

Well done.

Let's have a look at what these words mean.

Goods that are exported or sent out to another country.

A carbon footprint is a measure of the total amount of greenhouse gases that are released as a result of our actions.

Greenhouse gas emissions are the release of gases into earth's atmosphere that trap heat and contribute to climate change.

Food miles measure the distance between where a food is grown or made to where it is eaten.

Intensive agriculture is farming that uses more machines, workers and chemicals so that as many crops or animals as possible can be farmed on the space available.

Today's lesson is split into two parts.

How far does our food travel and what are the consequences of food miles? So let's start with how far does our food travel? All food has to travel some distance to reach our plates.

Even if we grow it ourselves.

Our food might be transported by air, land or sea.

Food miles usually refers to the distance food travels to get from where it is grown or produced to where it is eaten.

What journey might a banana go on to reach your plate? Pause the video, have a class discussion, and then come back when you're ready to check.

How did you get on? Let's have a look, shall we? So bananas start by being grown at a banana plantation, for example, in Ecuador.

They then are picked and transferred to a washing and packing facility also in Ecuador.

And they're then taken to the port, which is an Ecuador, where they will get transported by ship to the UK, a port in the UK.

And there a distributor will pick them up and take them to their warehouse in the UK.

And from there, the distributor will then send them out to the supermarket in the UK.

And then you will go to the supermarket, choose your bananas, buy them and take them to your home also in the UK.

So let's have a quick check, shall we? What do food miles usually refer to? A, the distance food travels from the supermarket to people's homes.

B, the distance food travels from one country to another.

C, the distance food travels from a farm to a factory or D, the distance food travels on its journey from where it is grown or produced to where it is consumed.

Pause the video, collect your answers, and come back when you're ready to check.

How did you get on? If you said that food miles usually refers to D, the distance food travels on its journey from where it is grown or produced to where it is consumed, you'd be correct, well done.

So let's have a little think.

Some foods travel a very short journey to reach our plates and some foods are transported very long distances.

Here we can see some bananas, some oranges, and some peas.

I want you to think, where on this line would you put each food? We've got going from the left, fewer food miles across to the right hand side of your screen to more food miles.

Where would you place the bananas, the oranges, and the peas on this line? Pause the video, have a go and come back when you're ready to check your answers.

How did you get on? So the least distance, fewer food miles, are the peas and then oranges and finally, bananas have the most food miles outta those three foods.

Can you think of other foods that might have a high number of food miles? Pause the video, collect your answers and come back when you're ready.

How did you get on? So here we can see that the peas come from the UK, the oranges come from Spain and the bananas came from Ecuador.

Where would the other foods that you've just discussed be on this map? Pause the video, have a go at locating them and then come back when you're ready.

Food miles can vary depending on the time of year.

Apple's grown in season in the UK would travel a much shorter distance than those imported from New Zealand.

Foods that can be grown in the UK might also be imported even when they are in season because it is cheaper to grow them in other countries.

Why might food production costs be lower in other parts of the world? Pause the video, have a class discussion and come back when you're ready.

How did you get on? So let's do a little check, true or false.

For people living in the UK, foods that can be grown in the UK will always have fewer food miles than foods that only grow in tropical climates.

I want you to tell me if that is true or false and then justify your answer with either A, foods that can be grown in the UK might still be imported from other countries.

These countries might be a long way away.

Or B, foods that can be grown in the UK might still be imported from other countries.

These countries are always a long way away.

Pause the video, have a go, gather your answers and come back when you're ready.

How did you get on? If you said that it was false because A, foods that can be grown in the UK might still be imported from other countries and these countries might be a long way away, you'd be correct, well done.

So time for task A.

For part one, use an atlas to calculate how far ingredients for this meal might have travelled if A, they were obtained from suppliers in the UK and B, they were imported from other countries.

For each option, calculate the total distance.

The foods in this meal have travelled and compare the two totals.

And part two, write one or two sentences to explain why we might import food from other countries, even when it can be grown or produced in the UK.

And here we have a great meal of sausages, mashed potatoes and peas and ice cream for dessert.

Pause the video, have a go and when you're ready, come back and we'll have a look at one that I had a go at.

How did you get on? So here's an example for someone living in Manchester.

If the foods were sourced from the UK, the peas are from Boston Lincolnshire, which is 187 kilometres away.

Sausages from Swansea in Glenmorgan, 297 kilometres, potatoes from Gervan in Ayrshire, 353 kilometres, carrots from Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, 265 kilometres and ice cream from Bodmin, Cornwall, 489 kilometres.

And the total distance is 1,591 kilometres.

If these were sourced from other countries, however, peas from Cape Town, South Africa would travel 13,497 kilometres.

Sausages from Auckland New Zealand, 18,173 kilometres.

Potatoes from Cairo, Egypt would've travelled 3,745 kilometres.

Carrots from Groningen in the Netherlands would've travelled 875 kilometres.

Ice cream from Rome, Italy would be 2,202 kilometres, which gives you a total distance of 38,492 kilometres.

And then you might have given some examples for part two like this, we might import food from other countries when they are outta season in the UK.

Foods might also be imported if they are cheaper to produce elsewhere in the world.

Laura has said, "The length of a journey will vary depending on the route taken." And Andeep has said, "Foods don't usually travel from where they are grown or produced directly to your plate.

They often go to other places on the way, such as a factory or supermarket." So all of these things will alter or add to the food miles.

So we've looked at how far does our food travel.

Now let's have a look at part two, what are the consequences of food miles? The carbon footprint of a product is how much greenhouse gases have been produced by growing, processing and transporting it.

So when looking at chocolate's carbon footprint, we need to consider the greenhouse gases that have been produced through the growing, the transport by land and sea and the processing of the chocolate.

Food miles affect the carbon footprint of a product.

The journey of food grown in the UK will be much shorter than that of food imported from the other side of the world.

Transporting food within the UK will usually have a lower carbon footprint than the transport of food from other countries.

But not all types of transport have the same carbon footprint.

How our food is transported to our plates also affects its carbon footprint.

Which of these methods of food transport has the highest carbon footprint? Air, rail, sea or land? Pause the video, have a class discussion and come back when you are ready.

How did you get on? Air transport creates the highest carbon footprint.

So if you'd said that one, you'd be correct.

Well done.

Non-perishable food is usually transported long distances by ship, which has a fairly low carbon footprint.

For many foods, the greenhouse gas emissions from their transport make up a very small percentage of their total emissions.

The type of food and how it is grown or made usually contributes much more to the total carbon footprint than its food miles.

Different types of foods have different carbon footprints.

Meat and dairy products have much higher greenhouse gas emissions than plant-based foods.

Cows have to be fed throughout their lifetime.

All the food they eat has a carbon footprint, meaning that the overall carbon footprint of meat and dairy is very high.

Foods grown in the UK out of season may have been grown using artificial lighting or heating.

These growing methods offer require a lot of energy.

Tomatoes grow in heated greenhouses in the UK's winter.

This means they often have a much higher carbon footprint than tomatoes imported from southern Spain.

Apples grown in the UK can be stored at low temperatures so that they last for several months.

Maintaining these cold conditions often requires a lot of energy as well.

So let's have a little check, shall we? True or false? Foods with low food miles don't always have a lower carbon footprint than foods with high food miles.

When you've decided if that is true or false, I would like you to justify your answer using either A, various factor affects a food's carbon footprint such as what type of food it is, how it is grown or made, and how it is transported.

Or B, how a food is grown or made is the only factor that affects its carbon footprint.

So one more time.

True or false.

Foods with low food miles don't always have a lower carbon footprint than foods with high food miles.

When you have decided if this is true or false, I want you to justify your answer with either A, various factors affect a food's carbon footprint, such as what type of food it is, how it is grown or made and how it is transported.

Or B, how a food is grown or made is the only factor that affects its carbon footprint.

Pause the video, have a go and when you're ready, come back to check your answers.

How did you get on? If you said that it was true because A, various factors affect a food's carbon footprint, such as what type of food it is, how it is grown or made, and how it is transported, you would be correct, well done.

There are other potential benefits of sourcing food that has been grown or made locally.

It can help people learn more about where their food comes from and how it was grown or made.

This might make consumers more likely to buy seasonal food that was grown or made in ways that are better for our planet and its people.

Buying locally can help to support British farmers and the local economy.

Sourcing food locally might help to reduce the environmental impacts of intensive farming in the countries exporting a lot of the world's food.

There are potential negatives of buying all food from local sources.

Growing and exporting food is an important industry in many countries.

If everyone bought locally, farmers and factory workers in other parts of the world might lose their job and source of income.

So let's have a little check.

I want you to think of possible reasons for and against buying tomatoes that have been grown locally.

So you're going to think of possible reasons for and against buying tomatoes that have been grown locally.

So in the for section, it is reasons why you should buy tomatoes that have been grown locally and in the against its reasons why you shouldn't buy tomatoes that have been grown locally.

Pause the video, have a go, and when you're ready to check your answers come back.

How did you get on? I gave some examples here.

For, carbon footprint might be lower if tomatoes are grown in season and it might help people to have more of a connection with the food they eat.

and reasons against buying tomatoes that have been grown locally.

Carbon footprint might be higher if tomatoes are grown out of season and tomato pickers in southern Spain might lose their jobs.

How did you get on? I'm sure you came up with lots of other ideas as well, well done.

So for task B, I want you to debate the motion: sourcing our food locally is better than importing it from other countries.

You can make notes on your sheet if you would like.

You need to find a partner and number yourself, one or two.

Number ones should speak for two minutes to support the motion.

And number twos should then speak two minutes against the motion.

So if you support the motion, you are saying that sourcing our food locally is better than importing it from other countries.

And if you are speaking against the motion, you are saying that sourcing our food locally is not better than importing it from other countries.

Remember, in a debate person one speaks first without being interrupted and then person two can speak and that's when you can respond to things that person one has said.

When you've had a go at that swap over and repeat the activity with number ones speaking against the motion and number two speaking for the motion.

Pause the video, have your debates, and then come back and we can have a look at some ideas I came up with.

How did you get on? Hopefully not too many heated debates in the room.

Here are some possible reasons you might use in your arguments for the motion.

It supports British farmers and the local economy.

The food grown locally in season can have a lower carbon footprint than imported food, and it makes the UK less dependent on other countries for foods.

I'm sure you came up with lots of different ideas as well.

But if there's any there that you would like to note down, please pause the video and do that now.

And here are some possible reasons you might use in your arguments against the motion.

Farmers and workers in other countries might lose their jobs.

Growing or storing food outta season in the UK can have a large carbon footprint and food miles make up only a small part of a foods total carbon footprint.

Again, I'm sure you came up with lots of other ideas as well, but if there's any there that you want to note down, please pause the video and do that now.

Did any of you change your minds about what you thought when you started debating? Or did you think actually, "No, I agree with what I've already said." Or maybe you think a compromise of the two is the best.

So to summarise today's lesson, the distance food travels.

All food has to travel to reach our plates, and the distance it travels is known as food miles.

The total food miles will depend on the different stages and route of a food's journey.

Maps or the internet can be used to calculate the approximate food miles of different food products.

There is debate about the relative positive and negative consequences of sourcing food locally versus importing it.

Well done today, everybody.

You worked really hard.

I hope you found that fascinating.

I certainly did.

It does make you wonder about where we get our food from, doesn't it? Maybe it gives us some food for thought.

I do apologise for that terrible, terrible joke.

Anyway, I hope you've enjoyed today's lesson and I hope to see you in another geography lesson very soon, bye.