Lesson video

Hello, my name's Miss Gilyeat, and I'm going to be your geography teacher for today.

Our lesson today is on global trade, which is the first lesson of the global trade unit.

We've got loads of interesting things to learn about.

I'm very excited to teach you.

So our lesson outcome for today, is that you can investigate how we're linked to other people and place through global trade in clothing, and we're also gonna look at some other items as well, but clothing is gonna be our main one.

We have two key learning cycles for today.

The first one we're gonna look at what is global trade? And the second learning cycle, we're gonna look at where our clothes come from around the world.

Let's get started on our first learning cycle, what is global trade? We have got four key words for today's lesson.

First of all, I'm gonna say the word and I'd like you to repeat it back to me to check that we're pronouncing it correctly.

So, first one, global trade, spatial pattern, globalisation, and manufactured.

Right, we'll go through what these keywords mean.

So global trade is the exchange of goods, money and services between countries.

Spatial patterns show the links between where things are located, and globalisation means the links and interdependencies between countries all around the world.

So how different places in the world are connected and how they rely on each other.

And manufactured is something that is manufactured by humans, not nature.

Usually manufacturing is done in large quantities and these items are sold to make money.

So our first thing we're gonna learn about is, what is global trade? So trade is the buying, selling, or exchanging of things between people.

Now, when we're thinking about the things that we can buy or sell, there are two kind of key categories that these can go under.

We can buy or sell goods.

These are physical things that we can buy.

So when you go to the shop and you buy a can of baked beans or a new top or a new toy, that is a physical good, you go to the shop and you buy it.

Now, those things can come from all around the world before they end up in the shop.

But we can also buy and sell services.

So these aren't physical things that you can actually always touch, but they are things that we can do.

So an example of a service would be education.

I'm now providing you with a service.

I'm educating you about global trade, okay? So there are lots of different other examples of services as well.

So healthcare would be one, banking, so people sorting out money, and healthcare is another example of a service.

So goods, physical things, services are things that we use, right? And both of these things are exchanged.

Now, a lot of the things that we buy in the UK come from all around the world.

So when you go to a shop and you do your food shopping, a lot of the items in there won't have been made or grown in the UK, okay? And that's the same with manufactured goods as well.

So for example, if you go to a clothes shop or an IT shop or anything like that, a lot of the things that we buy have actually come from all around the world.

Now, the UK imports things, okay? So an import is a good or a service that has come from another country and gone into another one, okay? So we've had to buy that product.

So as an example, most of the UK's bananas or the bananas that we buy in the UK have come from South America.

We import a lot of bananas.

We also sell things that we have made or that we have grown to other countries around the world.

Now these are called exports, okay? So we are exporting these goods to other places around the world to use.

Now, in some ways, that's absolutely brilliant, because when we sell these goods, it helps the country make money.

So for example, the UK sells quite a lot of oil to other countries.

So we extract a lot of oil from the North Sea and we sell this to countries all around the world, but we also sell other things such as cars, some food items, and gold as well is another major export of the UK.

So exports are things that we sell to other countries, which is good, because it helps the UK or whatever country is selling it, make money.

The buying and the selling of these goods and services between different countries is called global trade.

So they are exchanges of these physical things and the things that we use.

Now, governments around the world have special trading relationships.

Now this means they might do deals with each other, so when they buy or sell products, they don't have to pay extra tax money on it.

Now the UK used to be part of the European Union, and this meant that when we bought or sold goods within countries within the European Union, we didn't have to pay an extra tax or an extra money on it, but we do now.

But the countries that are still in that, they can exchange these goods and services at no extra cost.

But now the UK is having to come up with new relationships with countries around the world.

So they decide together what they're going to buy and what they're gonna sell, and how they're going to make it benefit both of those countries.

Let's check our understanding of what we have learned so far.

Which of these is a service? Is it A, chocolate, B, clothes, or C, banking? Pause the video and have a go.

The answer is C, banking, okay? So banking is something that we use and we can exchange that service.

Now the UK has actually got quite a big banking and financial sector.

So that's one of the major ways that the UK is actually able to make money.

Now, global trade connects us to other countries around the world, because when we buy a good from around the world, that good has come from that country and it's coming to ours.

And the same as when we sell something, when we sell something to another country, we've made a connection with that country.

Now that is an example of globalisation.

Now, if you remember from the keyword, globalisation is the idea that the world is becoming more and more connected and more dependent on each other.

So trade is a perfect example of this.

We depend on other countries for some of the goods that we use, and the services, but there are also lots of other ways that the world is connected to other countries or that countries are connected to each other.

Can you think of any other examples of how we are connected to other countries around the world? Pause the video and have a quick chat with either the person you sat next to, or a think on your own.

So one way we are connected is travel.

Now more and more of us are going on holiday abroad.

And when we do that, that connects us to other countries.

Family and friends.

Again, there's now a lot of migration, so people move countries to go live in another one, and that means that you make family, you make friends in other countries, but you might also have family in other countries as well.

Education, a lot of people decide to go to school in a different country or university or even now, a lot of people learn online.

Now, that online service might not be from the country that you live in, it might be from another country around the world.

You might sat in front of me, but not be in the UK, that's where I've made the video, but you might be in another country of the world.

And jobs as well.

A lot of people travel for their jobs or they work from a company in which they are not.

A company which is not located in the country that they live in.

Let's check our understanding.

What is globalisation? Is it A, the process by which countries and people are becoming more connected? Is it B, that the earth is warming up, or C, an increase in the number of people living on Earth? Pause the video and have a go.

The answer is A, the process by which countries and people are becoming more connected around the world.

Now we use world maps a lot in geography, but especially when we are looking at trade.

By looking at world trade maps, we are able to see where goods and services are going from and where they are going to.

So if we have a look at the map that I have got on the slide here, the banana image shows where bananas are mostly grown around the world.

So we can see there, a lot of them are grown in the tropics or the tropical region, and that's because they've got the climate which suits growing bananas.

The arrows show where most of the bananas are going to.

Now if you look there, we can see that most of those bananas head north, okay? So they're going from areas within central and South America, the central part of Africa and Southeast Asia, and they are travelling north to the USA, the European Union, Russia, the Arabian Peninsula, and other parts of Asia, okay? Now from looking at that, we can start to see patterns of where goods and services move to, okay? And yeah, so spatial patterns is a big part of when we're studying trade.

Let's check our understanding.

What pattern does the banana trade map show? Is it A, that bananas grow near the tropics and are sold to countries further away? Is it B, bananas grow in the southern hemisphere and are sold to countries in the northern hemisphere? Or is it C, bananas grow in the northern hemisphere and are sold to countries in the southern hemisphere? Pause the video and have a go.

The answer is A, that bananas grow near the tropics and are sold to countries further away.

Let's have a task.

So task A to practise what we've learned in our first learning cycle is this.

So first of all, you need to answer the following questions.

What is an export and what is an import? And then second, you need to fill in the gaps to finish the definition of what global trade is.

There is a worksheet to go with this answer, or if you don't have the worksheet, you could just write in your book or on paper.

Task three is you need to place the goods and services into the correct column of the table.

So again, there is a worksheet to do this, and the words that you are putting into the table are these, bananas, banking, clothes, education, mobile phones, and healthcare.

Now, if you'd like to challenge yourself, it might be a good idea to think of some of your own examples of goods and services that you could put into the table as well, okay? So pause the video and have a go, and we'll go through the answers in a second.

Right, we'll do a bit of feedback.

So what is an export? An export is a good or service that is sold to another country in the world.

And an import is a good or service that is bought in from another country of the world, okay? So exporting is the selling of goods, and importing is the buying of goods and services.

And here's the definition for global trade.

So the buying and selling of goods and services in different countries is called global trade.

On the slide, we have got the goods and services in the correct column.

So the ones that I gave you were bananas, mobile phones and clothes.

So those are all physical things that you can buy in exchange.

So they're examples of goods.

Two others that I came up with, makeup and chocolate.

I love chocolate, okay? And then services are things that we can use.

So examples of this that I gave you were banking, education and healthcare, but also travel is an example of a service, and water supplies.

Now you might think, "Well, is water supplies not a good?" Now the reason it's a service is because we.

Even though you can see the water and we drink it, it is something that we use, okay? So we use it for cooking, for energy, for drinking, for washing, okay? So rather than it be something that we physically buy, it's more of a service.

So we're onto our second learning cycle now, which is looking at where do our clothes come from? All clothes have labels which show you where the clothes have been manufactured or where they have been made.

Unless of course, your clothes might be homemade, in which case they might not have that.

But the majority of clothes have these labels, okay? They'll have all the bits of information on there as well.

So they might say, tell you what temperature you should wash your item clothing in and stuff like that.

But most of them have got the where they've been made.

So I've got two examples for you here.

I've got one of my favourite tops.

Now on the label it says it's been made in Bangladesh for this one, and I've got another one of my favourite tops here, oh, where's it gone? And on this label here, it said it was made in Cambodia.

Now what I would like you to do is look at the items of clothing that you are wearing, find a label, and see where the item of clothing has been made from, okay? Or where has it been manufactured? I'll give you a minute.

So if you pause the video, have a look at your clothing.

Has your partner got different clothing which has been made somewhere else? So let's see how many different countries in the class our clothes have been sourced from, okay? Now it might be an idea to go round the class and give three different examples of countries that you've found on your labels and do a bit of a tally chart.

So what I'd like you to do is go round the classroom and if you're just working on your own, you could maybe go ask a family member or go look at your clothes at home and see the different countries that they've been made from.

But if you're in a classroom, let's go round the class and see where are top three items of clothing or countries that our items of clothing have come from.

Pause the video and have a go.

Most of the clothes around the world are made in the continent of Asia, okay? Now the top countries for clothing manufacturing is China, India, Bangladesh, Vietnam, and Turkey.

Have you got any other examples of countries that you've found on your labels? I found one, so this top here was made in Cambodia.

Were any of your clothes made in those countries? Let's check our understanding.

So which continent makes the most of our clothes? Is it A, Europe, B, Africa, or C, Asia? The answer's C, Asia.

We're going to move on to a task now.

Now there's a few different steps to this task, so you need to listen very carefully.

What you are going to do is you are going to choose a few items of clothing where your.

That have come from different countries.

Now, if all of the clothing that you are wearing has come from the same country, it might be an idea to mark some of your partner or some other items of clothing down onto your map.

So you are going to mark the locations of these countries onto a world map, now that is on the worksheet.

You will then draw lines from these countries to the UK, to show the journey that your items of clothes have made.

Then you are going to find out how far that item has travelled.

Now there's a few different ways to do this.

You could use an atlas and look at the scale bar.

You could use a digital map such as Google Maps, or you could use the internet to help find the distance between different countries, okay? So there's a few different ways of doing that.

So for example, I live in the UK.

Now if you're listening to this and you're not in the UK, then don't do it to the UK.

Do it to the country that you are living in at the moment.

So for example, my school trousers, that I wear to go to school have come from China.

Now they have travelled 4,965 miles.

So I've drawn a line to show the distance from China to the UK.

My polo shirt has come from Hong Kong, and that has travelled 5,976 miles, and my coat has come from Bangladesh, which has travelled 5,055 miles.

Again, if all your items have come from the same country, see what your partner's got.

Another idea might be to look at your pencil case.

Sometimes pencil cases have come from quite far away as well.

So pause the video and have a go at the task.

On the slide I've got a summary of today's lesson.

Contemporary global trade patterns are complex, so they're quite tricky to understand sometimes.

They link us to people and places far away through everyday goods.

Global trade connects us to other countries of the world, and this is an example of globalisation.

World maps can be used to locate the countries where garments are made and identify the spatial patterns revealed.

So garments are clothing items. The data collected, recorded and analysed can be communicated through a map, and looking at graphs.

Now, that's it for today's lesson.

You've done really, really well, 'cause I think those are all quite tricky concepts to get your head around sometimes.

I've had a fantastic time teaching you, and I hope you have a lovely rest of your day.

See you later, bye.