Hello and welcome.

My name is Ms. Harrison.

I'm so excited to be learning with you today.

Today's lesson is called Evaluating India's Status as a Global Superpower.

Grab everything you might need for today's lesson and let's begin our learning.

By the end of today's lesson, you will be able to describe ways in which India is changing and explain why the country is called a global superpower.

Before we can begin this learning, we need to define the keywords that we'll be using throughout today's lesson.

The keywords are: economy, income, poverty, democracy, and inequality.

Economy: This is the way money in a particular area is made and spent.

Income: money received for work, either informal or on a regular basis, or from investments.

Poverty: not having enough money to afford basic human needs such as food, clothing, or somewhere to live.

Democracy: People have a say in how the government of a country is run, usually by voting in elections.

Inequality: when something is not shared evenly between everyone.

Now that we've defined these keywords, we can begin our learning.

The first question we're going to explore in today's lesson is why is India called a global superpower? India has the fifth largest economy in the world with a total value of $3.

6 trillion in 2023.

This makes it one of the most important economies globally, showing rapid growth and development.

India's economy is diverse, including sectors like agriculture, manufacturing, and services, with the technology and IT industries playing a key role in its expansion.

As the country continues to grow, India is expected to become even more influential in the global markets in the coming years.

Lucas has said "$3.

6 trillion is the same as 3 trillion, 600 billion." That's a lot.

Aisha said "3.

6 trillion seconds is around 114,000 years." It's a lot of time.

India is one of the fastest growing economies.

The line graph shows how average annual income per person in India has increased since 1990.

What do you think was the main cause of this dip? Pause the video here and press play when you're ready to continue.

Excellent.

This was mainly caused by the impact of COVID-19 pandemic, which caused a slowdown in the economy, leading to business closures, job losses, and reduced income for many people.

Despite this setback, India's economy is recovering and expected to continue growing.

Well done.

What was in India's economy worth in 2023? Was it A: $3.

6 million, B: $3.

6 billion, C: $3.

6 trillion, or D: $36 trillion? Pause video here whilst you attempt this task and press play when you're ready to continue.

Excellent.

The answer is C: $3.

6 trillion.

Well done.

Many people now refer to India as a global superpower because of its increasing influence in different areas such as economy, population, technology, politics, and culture.

A global superpower is a country that has a lot of power and influence over other countries, shaping decisions and events on an international level.

I would like you to think, what do you think the characteristics of a global superpower are? Pause the video here whilst you have a think and press play when you're ready to continue.

Excellent.

Let's check our answers.

Different factors contribute to making a global superpower powerful, and these factors work together to give a country influence on a world stage.

Economic power: A global superpower often has a strong and growing economy that plays a significant role in global trade and finance.

A large, dynamic economy allows a country to invest in infrastructure, innovation, and global industries.

Economic strength helps a country exert influence of international markets and has the ability to shape global economic policies.

A global superpower usually possesses a powerful and advanced military.

This also allows a country to project power globally, influence international security and protect its interests.

Military power also supports the country's role in peacekeeping and strategic alliances.

The political influence of a superpower is critical in shaping international relations and influencing global policy.

This includes leadership in global organisations like the United Nations, trade agreements and the ability to negotiate with other countries on the world stage.

Political power also often involves strong diplomatic ties and alliances.

A large and young population provides a superpower with both the workforce needed for economic growth and the potential to influence cultural and technological trends.

A large population also means a greater market for goods and services, which enhances economic power.

A superpower usually has access to a wide range of natural resources such as energy supplies, minerals, and agricultural land.

These resources support the economy, help ensure national security and contribute to the country's overall influence of global trade.

Cultural power is another key factor.

A global superpower often has a strong cultural impact worldwide, whether through media, entertainment, technology, or other cultural exports.

This helps shape global opinions, trends and values, making the country's culture an important aspect of its soft power.

When all these factors come together, they create a global superpower that is able to lead, influence, and shape global affairs across various areas of life.

Why do you think India is often called a global superpower? Pause the video here whilst you have a think and press play when you're ready to continue.

Excellent.

The reason why India is often called a global superpower is because it has a strong and growing economy, a large and young population, and a powerful influence on global culture.

Its economy is one of the largest in the world and it continues to grow rapidly.

India also has a huge population which gives it a large workforce and makes it a key player in international markets.

In addition, India is becoming more influential in global politics and its culture through Bollywood and technology is recognised worldwide.

These factors together make India an important and powerful country in the global stage.

I would like you to complete the missing words to show the different factors that make a global superpower powerful.

Pause the video here and press play when you're ready to continue.

Excellent.

They are: economic, population and resources.

Well done in this task.

Why is India called a global superpower? I would like you to read through the different statements.

You might want to cut the statements out and sort them into different groups to help your thinking.

You might decide that some statements are more useful than others.

I would like you to use the information to come up with your answer to the question, why is India called a global superpower? And then I would like you to share your ideas with someone else.

I would now like you to look through the statements from the following slides and then complete your answer.

Once you've read through the statements, pause the video and press play to continue.

The slides are here, here and here.

Pause the video here and press play when you're ready to continue.

Here are some possible ideas that you might have come up with.

Lucas said, "India has a very large population.

This means that there are lots of people to work and build its economy." Aisha said, "India has one of the world's largest economies.

This means it has more money to spend on developing its infrastructure, ports, airports, and railways." Sam said, "Indian culture has influenced many parts of the world.

Indian food is one of the most popular foods in the UK." Well done if you managed to come up with any of those points.

You've done fantastically.

We're now going to explore the second question of today's lesson: How is India changing? India has experienced significant changes in recent years, and many people believe this rapid transformation will continue in the future.

With its growing economy, increasing technological advances and a young, dynamic population, India is expected to keep evolving and becoming influential in global affairs.

As an investor in infrastructure, education and innovation, India is likely to play an even bigger role in shaping the world's future.

What do you think some of these changes might be? Pause the video here and press play when you're ready to continue.

Excellent.

Some of the changes India might experience in the future could include: India's economy is expected to continue growing, making one of the most largest economies in the world.

This could lead to more job opportunities and higher living standards for many people.

India's already a leader in information technology and software services.

In the future, there might be even more innovation in areas like artificial intelligence, space exploration, and renewable energy.

More people might move from rural areas to cities as they seek better jobs, education and healthcare.

This could lead to a growth of smart cities and improving in infrastructure.

As India's economy grows, there could be more focus on sustainable development to protect the environment.

This could involve using more clean energy and improving waste management.

India may also see improvements in education and healthcare systems, leading to a healthier and more educated population.

As India's economy and military power continue to grow, the country may have even more influence in international politics and global decision making.

I would now like you to how might these changes be measured? Pause the video here whilst do you have a think and press play when you're ready to continue.

Excellent.

Different indicators are used to measure and compare how well countries are doing.

Here are some examples: The size of the country's economy, how equal the lives of people are, average life expectancy, how many people live in poverty, how many children are able to get a good education and access to clean water, sanitation, and electricity.

This graph shows how average life expectancy at birth has changed in India over time.

Over the last 100 years, India has seen a significant increase in life expectancy, just like many other countries around the world.

This means that people are living longer due to improvements in healthcare, sanitation and nutrition and other factors contribute to better living conditions.

As India continues to develop, it is likely that life expectancy will keep rising as more people have access to medical care and healthier lifestyles.

I would like you to think why this is.

Pause the video here and press play when you're ready to continue.

Fantastic.

There are several reasons why life expectancy in India has increased over time.

One of the main reasons is improvements in healthcare, such as better medical treatments, vaccines and healthcare facilities.

In addition, better sanitation and access to clean water have reduced diseases and infections.

Nutrition has also improved, leading to healthier populations.

Furthermore, advances in technology, education and government programmes aimed at improving the standard of living have contributed to people living longer.

All these factors have played a part in raising life expectancy in India.

India has made significant process in reducing extreme poverty over the past few decades.

This improvement is mainly due to economic growth, job creation, and government initiatives aimed at poverty alleviation.

Programmes such as direct cash transfers, subsidies and rural development schemes have helped lift millions of people out of poverty.

Additionally, the expansion of education and healthcare, along with increased access to technology and infrastructure has played a key role in improving the standard of living for many Indians.

However, challenges remain and continued efforts are needed to ensure that poverty reduction benefits all areas of society.

Let's take a closer look at this.

In 1977, poverty was at 63.

5% and in 2021, it decreased to 12.

9%.

How has average life expectancy at birth in India changed over the last 100 years? Has it, A: decreased, B: increased, C: stayed the same? Pause the video here whilst you attempt this task and press play when you're ready to continue.

Excellent.

The answer is B, it's increased.

Sam said, "In 1921, average life expectancy in India was just 25 years.

By 2023, it had increased to 72 years." That's fantastic.

This graph shows how the percentage of children of primary school age who are enrolled in school has changed over time in India.

Over the years, the enrollment rate has generally increased, indicating that more children have access to education.

However, it's important to note that this data only tracks how many children are enrolled, not how regularly they attend school or the quality of education they receive.

Factors such as school attendance, teacher quality, and available resources also play a role in children's education, and these are not captured in this graph.

Why might children not be able to go to school? Pause the video here whilst you attempt this task and press play when you're ready to continue.

Excellent.

There are several reasons why children might not be able to go to school.

Some common reasons include: families in poverty might not be able to afford school fees, uniforms or other costs associated with education.

In rural areas, schools might be far away and families might not have the resources to send their children, especially if transportation's unavailable or too costly.

Some children might be required to work to help support their families, meaning they cannot attend school.

In some regions, cultural beliefs or traditions might discourage girls from going to school or children might be needed at home to help with domestic tasks.

Poor health or lack of access to healthcare might prevent children from attending school regularly.

In areas affected by conflict or natural disasters, children might be displaced or schools might be destroyed, making education difficult to access.

These factors can prevent children from accessing education, which can limit their future opportunities.

Over time, living conditions in India have improved for many people, especially in areas like sanitation and hygiene.

Sanitation refers to having clean and safe toilets, proper waste disposal systems and access to clean water.

These services are essential for maintaining good health and preventing the spread of diseases.

In the year 2000, only 6% of people in India had access to safely managed sanitation services.

This meant that the majority of people didn't have access to proper toilets and many had to share facilities with other households or use unsafe methods to dispose of waste.

Without proper sanitation, waste can contaminate drinking water, spread diseases, and make communities unhealthy.

By 2022, the situation had improved significantly with 52% of the population having access to safely managed sanitation.

This means more people now have access to toilets that are not shared with other households and waste is being safely treated or removed.

This is a major improvement, helping to create cleaner, healthier communities.

Improving sanitation is important because it reduces the spread of diseases like cholera and dysentery, which are caused by contaminated water and poor hygiene.

It also lowers child mortality rates as children are especially vulnerable to diseases linked to poor sanitation.

Better sanitation also improves quality of life, allowing people to live in a cleaner and safer environment.

The Indian government and various organisations have worked on projects to build more toilets and educate people about hygiene.

These efforts have played a big role in improving sanitation across the country.

However, challenges still remain and further work is needed to ensure that everyone in India has access to safe and clean sanitation in the future.

However, levels of inequality are rising in India.

Lucas said, "In 2024, there were 200 billionaires in India.

Together they were worth $954 billion." Izzy said, "129 million people in India were living without enough money to afford basic human needs such as food, clothing, or somewhere to live." People's lives are unequal in many different ways.

Inequality can be looked at through quality of housing, access to good education, access to healthcare, how people are treated, how much of a say people have in decisions that affect them, access to clean water and sanitation, job opportunities, and how much money people have.

This graph shows how India's total income is divided among its population and how this distribution has changed over time.

The richest 10% of the population earn about 59% of the total income while the poorest 50 earn only about 13%.

This means that a small number of people have a much larger share of the country's income compared to the majority of people.

Over time, we can see how this income gap has shifted, which tells us about the economic inequality in India.

This difference can impact access to resources like education, healthcare, and living standards for those in the poorer half of the population.

What was the difference between the percentage of India's population using safely managed sanitation services in 2000 and the percentage in 2022? Was it, A: 26, B: 46, C: 66? Pause the video here whilst you attempt this task and press play when you're ready to continue.

Excellent.

The answer is B: 46%.

Well done.

True or false: Inequality is just about the difference in how much money people earn? Pause the video here whilst you attempt this task and press play when you're ready to continue.

Fantastic.

This statement is false.

I would now like you to explain why.

Pause the video here and press play when you're ready to continue.

Fantastic.

The reason why this statement is false is because people's lives are unequal in many different ways.

Equality is also to do with the opportunities that people have or don't have.

Well done if you managed to explain that correctly.

Interpreting data is a very important skill in geography.

The data in this table shows how different indicators have changed in India over time.

I would like you to complete the table by calculating the difference in the value of each indicator between 2000 and 2021.

I would like you to describe what the data shows about how living conditions in India have changed.

Let's take a look at the table.

We can see that the indicators are: percentage of children who complete primary school, average life expectancy at birth, average annual income per person, percentage of people using safely managed sanitation services, and percentage of population with access to electricity.

I would like you to pause the video here whilst you attempt this task and press play when you're ready to continue.

Excellent.

Let's check our answers.

The differences you should have had: for percentage of children who complete primary school should be 27.

7%; average life expectancy at birth, 4.

5 years; average annual income per person, $1,730; percentage of people using safely managed sanitation services, 43.

9%; and percentage of population with access to electricity, 39.

3%.

Well done on this task.

Let's now look at our next answers.

This data suggests that living conditions in India have improved for many people.

Life expectancy and average income per person have risen.

A greater percentage of children are completing primary school.

There have also been large increases in access to electricity and safely managed sanitation services.

Well done in this task.

You've done brilliantly.

Sam has said, "Think about how India might change in the future and share those ideas with somebody else." And Aisha says, "Perhaps you could research other indicators that can be used to measure and compare how well countries are doing." Well done on this task.

You've done brilliantly.

We've now come to the end of our learning in evaluating India's status as a global superpower.

Before we end this lesson, let's summarise everything we've learned today.

India is currently the fifth largest economy in the world, meaning it plays a major role in global trade and finance.

In 2023, India's economy was valued at $3.

6 trillion.

This figure represents a total value of goods and services produced in the country, which shows how powerful and important India is in the global market.

With its growing industries and expanding businesses, India has become a key player in international trade and economics.

Many people refer to India as a global superpower because of its rising influence worldwide.

A global superpower is a country that holds a lot of power in areas like economy, politics, military and culture.

India's growing economy, its large and young population, technological advances and significant political influence are some of the reasons why India is called a superpower.

It not only affects its own region, but its decisions and actions impact countries all over the world.

To understand how India has developed over time, we can look at indicators.

These are things we measure to see how much progress has been made.

Some examples of indicators are the average income of people, how many children attend school, how long people live, and how many people have access to basic services like clean water or sanitation.

By tracking these indicators, we can see how life in India is improving in many ways.

These indicators also help us to understand how India's growth affects the daily lives of people living there.

As India continues to grow and develop in the coming years, it's expected to become an even more influential country on the global stage, impacting the world's economy, politics, and culture in bigger ways.

Well done on today's lesson.

You've done fantastically, and I look forward to learning with you again very soon.