Lesson video

Hello, my name is Mrs. Grey, and I'm so excited that you've decided to learn geography with me today.

Today's lesson is in the unit of "Population: where do people live?" And our lesson title is "Diversity and change in the local area." By the end of the lesson, you will be able to describe the impact of migration on a local area in the UK.

There are some keywords that we'll come across in today's lesson.

They are census, culture, and diversity.

Census is the official collection of data about a whole population.

Culture is a way of life, customs, and behaviours that a group of people share.

And diversity is the variety of human, physical, or cultural characteristics in a geographical area.

So our lesson today is split into two learning cycles.

The first, how does migration influence diversity? And the second, how diverse is Leicester? So let's have a look at, how does migration influence diversity? So migration is the movement of people from one place to another, either within a country or between countries.

For example, people may migrate from France or Germany to the UK, and you see those arrows on the map going from France and Germany to the UK.

Now, migration can change the population of an area and make it more diverse.

And that makes sense, doesn't it? If people from different places are gonna come all together in one place, the diversity's gonna increase, it's gonna become more diverse.

But how do we know our populations are becoming more diverse? Now, the census is an official survey conducted every 10 years in the UK to collect data about the entire population, so everybody has to fill in the census.

Now, Sam asks, "Why is a census important?" Really good question.

A census provides information about population structure and diversity.

It helps the government and local councils understand community needs.

For example, the number of schools and healthcare provision.

So a census is really, really important because it gives us lots and lots of different information, information that government organisations need to be able to give everybody in the local area the things that they need, like schools.

So let's check what we've done so far, then.

What is a census? Is it A, an official survey conducted every 5 years in the UK? Is it B, an official survey conducted every 10 years in the UK? Or C, an official survey conducted every 10 years around the world? What do you think? Pause the video, write down your answer, and then come back and let's see how you got on.

Okay, how did you get on? The answer is B, an official survey conducted every 10 years in the UK.

Another check then, true or false? Migration just brings people.

Is that true or false? So pause the video again, write down your answer, and then let's see how you got on.

Okay, how did you get on? Migration brings just people, that's false.

But why is it false? So migration brings other cultures, foods, and fashion to the UK.

It doesn't just bring people, it brings a variety of different things.

So diversity means the variety of human, physical, or cultural characteristics in a geographical area.

And diversity in the UK has led to many changes.

Let's have a look at what changes diversity has contributed to.

So changes in fashion, changes to food, changes to festivals, and changes in community.

Let's look at each of these in turn.

Before we do that, let's do a quick check.

So what is diversity? Is it A, the official collection of data about a whole population? Is it B, a way of life, customs, and behaviours that a group of people share? Or is it C, the variety of human, physical, or cultural characteristics in a geographical area? So pause the video, write down your answer, and then come back and let's see how you got on.

Okay, how did you do? What is diversity? The answer is C, the variety of human, physical, or cultural characteristics in a geographical area.

Okay, so let's look at culture.

Culture is a way of life, customs, and behaviour that a group of people share.

Greater diversity has brought more languages, traditions, religions, and beliefs to the UK.

In London, over 300 languages are spoken daily.

So people migrating and people bringing lots and lots of different things about their culture, that's meant that over 300 languages are spoken every day in London.

How amazing is that? Okay, another check then.

Approximately how many languages are spoken in London daily? Is it 30, 100, 130, or 300? So pause the video, write down your answer, and then let's see how you got on.

Okay, how did you get on? Approximately how many languages are spoken in London daily? The answer is 300, well done.

The migration also brings new festivals to the UK which are now common in many local areas.

Diwali is the Hindu festival of light.

Eid is a Muslim celebration at the end of Ramadan.

And Chinese new year celebrations include a lantern festival.

So these three festivals are examples of different things that have been brought to the UK through migration and are now commonplace in the UK because people have migrated here from different places and these are festivals that now the UK enjoys.

Now, diversity in the UK has also led to an increase in the variety of foods that people enjoy.

New cuisines have been introduced to the UK.

Can you think of any? Italy has brought pizza and pasta.

China, we've got rice and noodle dishes, soups.

And India have brought curries.

So think about all those different things that we eat and that people eat every day that we've only got because of migration, we've only got because people have moved from different countries and brought these different foods and cuisines to the UK.

Now, diversity in the UK has also led to changes in fashion.

Cultural influences have introduced vibrant fabrics and unique designs.

New trends like African wax prints and Middle Eastern styles have enriched fashion in the UK.

So diversity in people migrating from these different places influence the clothes that we wear and the fashion that we have in the UK.

So another check then.

Which of the following is a definition of culture? Is it A, a way of life, customs, and behaviours that a group of people share? Is it B, the official collection of data about a whole population? Or is it C, the variety of human, physical, or cultural characteristics in a geographical area? What do you think? Pause the video, write down your answer, and then come back and let's see how you got on.

Okay, how did you get on? Which of the following is a definition of culture? And the answer is A, a way of life, customs, and behaviours that a group of people share, well done.

Okay, so we're onto our first task of the lesson now then.

Explain the changes to each of the following caused by diversity.

Include examples in your answers.

So explain the changes to each of the following and make sure you include examples.

You can explain the changes to fashion, food, festivals, and community.

And make sure you include examples in your answer.

Okay, so pause the video again, write down your answers to those, and then come back and let's see how you got on.

Okay, how did to get on? So explain the changes to each of the following caused by diversity.

Include examples in your answer.

Your answer may include.

So, for A, for fashion.

Diversity in the UK has led to many changes.

Cultural influencers have brought vibrant fabrics, unique designs and trends like the African prints and Middle Eastern styles to the UK's fashion scene.

For food, people worldwide have introduced cuisines like Indian curries, Italian pasta, and Chinese stir-fries now popular in the UK.

About festivals, migration brings new festivals to the UK, like Diwali, which is the Hindu festival of light, Eid, which is a Muslim celebration after Ramadan, and Chinese new year with its lantern festival.

And finally, community.

Different groups bring fresh ideas, languages and perspectives.

In London, over 300 languages are spoken.

All of this makes the UK an exciting and dynamic place to live.

How much of that did you get in your answers? Did you get all of the different examples? Well done.

So now we're gonna move on to our second learning cycle, which is, how diverse is Leicester? We're gonna look at Leicester as a bit of a case study and look at how diverse it is.

So on this map you can see that Leicester is located here.

So Leicester is a city located in the East Midlands region of England, the United Kingdom.

Now Leicester is one of the most diverse cities in the UK with people from many different cultures, religions and backgrounds.

And this map here is taken and shows us the number of people that were born outside of the UK in Leicester.

So it shows us that 41.

1% of people in Leicester were born outside of the UK.

And all of this information was taken from the 2021 census that we were talking about the census earlier.

So 41.

1% of people in Leicester were born outside of the UK.

For the ethnicity of Leicester's population in 2011 and 2021 is shown in this graph here.

The grey shows 2011 and the blue shows 2021 and you can see all the different ethnicities and the percentages of people within those ethnicities in Leicester's population.

So Leicester has a high Asian population that has increased from 2011 to 2021.

You can see it's increased there from 37.

1% to 43.

4%.

Now, Leicester also has a high white population, but this has decreased from 2011 to 2021.

So they're the two highest ethnicities and populations in Leicester.

What percentage of Leicester's population was born outside of the UK? So a little check for you here.

Is it 4.

1%, 11.

4%, 14.

1% or 41.

1%? So pause the video, write down your answer, and then come back and let's see how you got on.

Okay, so what percentage of Leicester's population was born outside of the UK? The answer is D, 41.

1%.

Well done.

So Leicester has a large proportion of Asian communities.

In the late 1960s, many Ugandan and Kenyan Asians fled persecution and moved to Leicester.

That influenced local politics.

The Labour Party started printing election material in Indian languages in 1974.

So you can see here Uganda and Kenya, which are countries in Africa.

And then, in the 1960s, a lot of Ugandan and Kenyan Asians moved over to the UK, specifically to Leicester, because of persecution that they were in danger from.

So another check then.

In the late 1960s, people from which two countries fled to Leicester? Is it A, Kenya and Nigeria; B, Uganda and Kenya; or C, Nigeria and Uganda? So pause the video, write down your answer, and then let's see how you got on.

Okay, the answer is Uganda and Kenya, well done.

So Leicester has a large Asian population which influences many aspects of life in Leicester and contributes to diversity.

Let's look at how Leicester is diverse.

It has a cultural mix, food, festivals, and a community spirit that all demonstrate the diversity in Leicester, and we're gonna look at each of those now.

So Leicester celebrates festivals like Diwali, Eid, and Caribbean Carnival, as well as traditional British festivals.

Leicester's Diwali celebrations are among the largest outside of India.

You can see this image here from Diwali celebrations in Leicester.

This is Belgrave Road in Leicester in 2006.

Massive, massive celebrations.

Leicester also has a diverse food offering reflecting the city's cultural mix.

So this shows a market in Leicester which shows a variety of different cuisines.

The variety of cuisines in Leicester includes Indian curries, Polish bakeries, Caribbean dishes, and international food markets which this image shows here.

So a huge diversity in the food offering.

Now, Leicester has a strong community spirit.

Diversity in Leicester has created a vibrant, welcoming city where different groups live and work together, which contributes to Leicester's unique character.

Really, really lovely, strong community spirit in Leicester with everybody living happily together.

So a little check for us then.

Leicester has big Diwali celebrations.

Is that true or false? Pause the video, write down your answer, and then let's see how you got on.

Okay, how did you get on? True or false, Leicester has big Diwali celebrations? The answer is true.

Leicester's Diwali celebrations are actually among the largest outside of India.

Okay, so we're on to our final task of the lesson now then.

So using specific examples describe and explain diversity in Leicester.

You're gonna refer to a few things in your answer here.

Refer to the cultural mix of different ethnicities, food, festivals, and community spirit.

So you're gonna write quite a long answer here, but you can split it up into those four different sections.

Describe and explain diversity in Leicester and make sure that you use specific examples for each of these four things.

So the cultural mix of different ethnicities, food, festivals, and community spirit.

Okay, so pause the video now, write down your answer, and then come back and let's see how you got on.

Okay, how did you get on? So let's have a look at what you wrote for your answer and what you could have written.

So, using specific examples, describe and explain diversity in Leicester.

Your answer may include, so this is what you may have written.

Leicester is one of the UK's most diverse cities, with 41.

1% of its population born outside of the UK.

It has a large cultural mix, including South Asian, African, Caribbean, and Eastern European communities.

This diversity is reflected in Leicester's food, such as Indian curries, Polish bakeries, and Caribbean dishes, as well as international food markets.

Festivals like Diwali, which has one of the largest celebrations outside India, Eid and the Caribbean Carnival are widely celebrated.

In the late 1960s, Ugandan and Kenyan Asians fled persecution and settled in Leicester, influencing local politics, like Labour printing election material in Indian languages in 1974.

This diversity has created a welcoming community and made Leicester a vibrant and unique city.

So that's an example of what you may have written for your answer there.

How did you get on? How well did you describe and explain all of those different aspects? And did you include lots of examples in your answer as well? Well done.

Okay, so what have we learned today in our lesson on "Diversity and change in the local area"? We've learned that migration makes our population more diverse.

People from different countries bring new traditions, languages, and lifestyles to the UK.

Diversity within the UK has led to changes in fashion, food, and culture.

Foods, clothes, and festivals from around the world are now part of British life.

Local areas can change over time as a result of changes in population.

New shops, restaurants, and events appear as different groups move into a community.

Thank you for joining me for today's geography lesson.

I've really enjoyed it and I hope you have too.

See you next time.