Hello, my name's Mrs. Casey.

What's your name? I am so excited to be joining you for this history lesson today.

Today's lesson is called, Owain Glyndwr, Prince of Wales.

And it's part of the unit, Traditional stories: what do they tell us about the distant past? I love listening to stories and I can't wait to hear this one.

In today's story, we find out what happens to Owain after he decides to fight against the King of England.

Are you ready, should we get started? Let's go.

By the end of today's lesson, you'll be able to describe Owain Glyndwr's uprising against the English.

In today's lesson, there are three key words to look out for.

Listen carefully, and I'll read them to you.

Title, army, uprising.

Can you have a go at saying them? Are you ready? We'll do my turn, your turn.

My turn, title.

Your turn.

Fantastic.

My turn, army.

Your turn.

Great.

My turn, uprising.

Your turn.

Well done, everyone.

So listen out carefully for these words in our lesson today.

We'll be learning what they mean and using them in context.

So today's lesson has three parts to it.

Owain's uprising, further success and the English fight back.

Let's start with our first part, Owain's uprising.

All around him Owain could hear the chant, "Owain Glyndwr, Prince of Wales, Owain Glyndwr, Prince of Wales, Owain Glyndwr, Prince of Wales." Again and again the lords chanted.

Owain was not the Prince of Wales.

This was a title normally given to the son of the English king, but the Welsh Lords wanted Owain to fight the English.

They wanted Owain to have the title, Prince of Wales and to rule Wales.

Title was one of our key words.

Did you spot it? A title is a word used to show someone's rank or position.

Here the title is Prince of Wales.

To fight against the English Owain needed an army.

Luckily for Owain, many Welshmen wanted to fight against the English.

They were really fed up with the English king ruling Wales.

Army was one of our keywords as well.

Did you spot it? An army is a group of soldiers who are ready to fight.

Let's check what we've learned so far with this true or false.

The Welsh Lords chanted, "Owain, Prince of Wales," because that was his name.

Is that true or false? What do you think? That one's false.

Is it false because a, the Welsh lords wanted Owain to fight the English king and become the Prince of Wales? Or b, the Welsh lords wanted Owain to fight the English king and become the king of England.

Is it a or b? Well done, everyone.

It's a, the Welsh lords wanted Owain to fight the King of England and become the Prince of Wales.

And that's why they were chanting, "Owain, Prince of Wales." Owain began an uprising.

Once he had an army, Owain knew where he would begin his uprising.

He led his soldiers to the home of his enemy, Reginald Grey.

Did you spot our third and final key word, uprising? An uprising is when people rise up against the people who rule them.

Reginald was Owain' enemy because he had taken some of his land and Owain wanted it back.

Owain's army was very small, but Owain had come up with a clever plan.

It was the day of the fair.

All over town, Reginald's soldiers were feasting, drinking, dancing, and enjoying themselves.

If Owain attacked now, he could catch the soldiers by surprise.

They wouldn't be ready to fight.

Owain's clever plan worked.

Reginald soldiers were defeated and the Welsh had won their first victory against the English.

Owain and his men stole their horses, took their gold and burned the town down to the ground.

Great listening to the story so far, everybody.

Should we check what we've learned? Here are our three key words.

Title, army, and uprising.

Can you match the words to their meanings? A word used to show someone's rank or position, when people rise up against the people who ruled them, a group of soldiers ready to fight.

Pause the video and see if you can match the words to their meanings.

Well done, everyone.

A title is a word used to show someone's rank or position.

An army is a group of soldiers ready to fight.

An uprising is when people rise up against the people who rule them.

Did you get those all right? Great work, everyone.

Well done.

Here is our first task.

Andeep and Izzy are discussing why Owain's army won the battle against Reginald Grey.

Andeep says, Owain came up with a clever plan to take the English army by surprise and attack when they weren't expecting it.

Izzy says, Owain's army was bigger and more powerful.

Who do you agree with and why? Explain your ideas to a learning partner.

Pause the video and have a go.

Well done, everyone.

Some great ideas you are discussing there.

You may have said Andeep is correct because Owain's army attacked, whilst Reginald Grey's English soldiers were celebrating at the town fair and they were very surprised.

Remember Owain's army was very small at this point.

Now we're moving on to the second part of today's lesson, further success.

Let's find out what happens next in the story.

Owain and his army captured lots of English castles all over Wales.

Soon it looked like they would be able to defeat the English once and for all.

However, someone was standing in their way.

It was King Henry IV of England.

He had heard about Owain and the attacks.

He had heard about the castles.

And he was furious, so furious.

He sent a huge army to fight against them.

But before the English army reached Owain, Owain and his army had captured Conwy Castle.

In the north of Wales, there was a really big strong castle called Conwy Castle.

Owain had captured it with his army.

This was significant because it was a castle that had been built hundreds of years ago by one of the English kings who had first taken over Wales.

The Welsh were delighted it had been captured as they hated how Conwy Castle reminded them that the English ruled over them.

However, the English were angry.

The English army had to find and his soldiers and fast.

Lucas asks, "What was so important about this castle?" Can you remember? Conwy Castle was a very big castle built by the English kings who had first taken over Wales.

It reminded them that the English ruled over them.

Let's check what we've learned in the story so far.

Here is a true or false.

Is it true or false? King Henry IV of England was very pleased with Owain's actions.

True or false? What do you think? That one is false.

Is it false because a, King Henry IV was furious with Owain's actions as he had captured many English castles and started an uprising? Or is it b, King Henry IV was furious with Owain's actions as he had captured the English boats at sea and destroyed them.

What do you think? Well done.

It was a, Owain and his army had captured the English castles and started an uprising.

Owain and his army were hiding in the Welsh mountains.

The English army was much bigger than Owain's, and his chances of winning the battle were small.

The English soldiers rode horses, but Owain's did not.

The night before the English attack, Owain prayed to God asking for help.

He knew that he had a smaller army, but he did have a few tricks up his sleeve.

The English found the hills and the mountains tough to fight in, but Owain's army knew them really well.

The Welsh had another thing to help them.

They had lots of special bow and arrows that could fire such a long way.

They were so powerful that they could punch through the armour of a soldier on his horse.

In the end, Owain's army won the battle.

Let's check what we've learned in the story so far.

Can we sort the words into the correct columns? Which words describe the English army and which describe Owain's army.

Small, horses, bow and arrows, big, knows the mountains.

Pause the video and have a go.

Super work, everyone.

Let's have a look at the answers.

Owain's army was small.

The English army had horses.

Owain's army had bow and arrows.

The English army was big.

Owain's army knew the mountains really well.

Did you get them all right? Well done.

Great work, everyone.

King Henry IV was so angry that his army had lost that he made lots of new laws to punish the parts of Wales that he still had control of.

These laws were very bad for the Welsh people.

Henry had thought it would stop the Welsh from joining the uprising against him, but instead it made many Welsh people angrier and even more of them joined Owain's uprising.

With more supporters, Owain and his army won more and more battles.

They captured lots more castles.

Henry had now lost control of Wales.

Owain started to think about that chant he had heard, "Owain Glyndwr, Prince of Wales, Owain Glyndwr, Prince of Wales." He decided that now was the right time to take the title and call himself the Prince of Wales.

Owain was saying he was the new ruler of Wales.

It seemed as though the Welsh were free again.

Let's check what we've learned in the story so far.

Why did more Welsh people join wine's army and the uprising? Was it a, King Henry IV of England had made a law telling them they had to join Owain's army, b, King Henry IV of England made laws the Welsh people did not like, so they joined Owain's uprising to fight.

Was it c, King Henry IV of England offered the Welsh people gold if they joined Owain's army.

Have a little think.

It was b, King Henry IV of England made laws the Welsh people did not like, so they joined Owain's uprising.

Here is our second task.

We're going to create a newspaper report about Owain's army and the success they were having.

Try to include what has decided to call himself, what weapons did his army have, what have they captured, who is coming after them? Here are some words that might help you.

Prince of Wales, bow and arrow, King Henry IV, castles.

Can you see the template? The Oak News.

That's the newspaper title.

Owain's army, that's our headline.

That's what our report is about.

There is a picture of Owain and a caption underneath, Prince of Wales.

Pause the video and have a go at creating the newspaper report.

Well done, everyone.

Your newspaper report may have looked something like this.

Owain is now calling himself the Prince of Wales.

His army used bow and arrows and they have taken many castles.

King Henry IV is after them.

Now we're gonna move on to our third part of today's lesson, the English fight back.

Ooh, I can't wait to find out what happens next in the story, can you? Owain using the title, the Prince of Wales made King Henry even angrier and he ordered the English to fight back.

We must fight back harder against Owain and his army ordered King Henry of England.

Unfortunately, Owain and his army couldn't cope with the fierce fighting from the English.

And his army started to lose battles.

Here are Alex and Lucas.

They've come to tell us some of the things they've found out.

Alex tells us, "The English took back control of all the castles that Owain and his army had captured." Lucas says, "Many Welsh people did not want to support Owain's uprising now that the English were winning." Let's check what we've learned so far.

Why did lots of Welsh people decide they did not want to support Owain's uprising anymore? Was it a, Owain's army were losing all the battles, b, the English army were losing all the battles, c, the Scottish army were losing all the battles.

What do you think? It was a, Owain's Welsh army were losing all the battles.

Owain's uprising had failed.

His family were taken prisoner by the English.

So Owain disguised himself as a shepherd and wandered across Wales to escape from the English.

A shepherd as someone who looks after the sheep.

Can you see in the photo here? What a great disguise.

Eventually, Owain's attacks stopped and his uprising came to an end.

Laura has a great question for us.

What happened to Owain? Well, nobody really knows what happened to him.

Historians are unsure.

Perhaps he continued wandering the hills as a shepherd.

Some people say that he came across the ruins of his old house and was so upset, he decided to end the uprising and live a life without fighting.

Great listening, everyone.

Well done.

Let's check what we've learned with this true or false.

Owain disguised himself as a baker to hide from the English army.

True or false? What do you think? Well done.

That one is false.

Is it false because a, Owain hid from the English army by disguising himself as a shepherd in the Welsh hills, Or b, Owain hid from the English army by disguising himself as a fisherman at sea.

It was a, Owain disguised himself as a shepherd in the Welsh hills looking after the sheep.

Did you get that right? Well done.

Here is our final task.

Are the statements true or false? Use a tick for true and a cross for false.

Owain gathered an army and started an uprising against the Welsh King, true or false? Owain captured many castles across Wales and gave himself the title of the Prince of Wales, true or false? The English army fought back harder after Owain gave him the title, true or false? Owain's army started to lose battles and control over the castles and the uprising failed, true or false? Owain went into hiding from the English army, disguising himself as a teacher, true or false? Pause the video and have a go at the task with your talk partner.

Well done, everyone.

Let's check those answers.

Owain gathered an army and started an uprising against the Welsh King.

That one's false.

Owain gathered an army and started an uprising, but it was against the English King.

Owain captured many castles across Wales and gave himself the title of Prince of Wales.

That one was true.

The English army fought back harder after Owain gave himself the title, true or false? That one was true.

Owain's army started to lose battles and control over the castles and the uprising failed, true.

Owain went into hiding from the English army, disguising himself as a teacher.

That one's false.

Owain did go into hiding from the English army, but he disguised himself as, that's right, a shepherd, looking after the sheep.

Well done, everyone.

Fantastic listening to the story of Owain Glyndwr, Prince of Wales today.

Let's summarise what we've learned.

Owain started an uprising against King Henry IV.

He gathered an army and fought the English for control of Wales.

They took over many castles, including Conwy Castle.

Owain called himself the Prince of Wales, a title that English kings had given to their sons.

This made Henry IV very angry.

The English fought back and after a few years, most of Wales was back under its control.

Owain disguised himself as a shepherd to hide from the English.

Nobody knows what happened to him after that.

Excellent work today, everyone.

Bye for now.