Hello, my name is Mrs Tipping, and I'm really looking forward to learning with you today all about significant rulers from the past.

And we're going to explore the question, what can those rulers, what can their stories tell us? So, shall we get started? Let's go.

By the end of today's lesson, you'll be able to describe how Elizabeth I reacted to the threat of the Spanish Armada.

Before we start, I would like to introduce you to some keywords.

We'll be using these keywords during the lesson, so it might be a good idea to write these words down.

The key words we'll be using today are: armada, invade.

I'm going to say those words again and I'd like you to repeat them after me.

Armada.

Invade.

Good job.

Now let's think in more detail about what these keywords mean.

Let's take a look at the definitions for each of our keywords.

An armada was a large group of warships.

Invade, when a group of people attack another country, moving their soldiers into it, they invade that country.

Pause the video here to make a note of these keywords.

And when you are ready to continue, press play.

These are the learning cycles that we'll be working through together in today's lesson.

Why did Spain go to war with England? How did England defeat the Spanish Armada? In the first learning cycle, we'll explore why Spain went to war with England.

Elizabeth I faced many problems during her reign as queen, but in 1588 she faced her biggest challenge yet.

Spain was a powerful country, and was ruled by King Philip.

When she first became queen, Elizabeth I and King Philip were friendly.

However, King Philip became angry with Elizabeth for some of the choices she made, and the way she ruled England.

King Philip was Catholic, and Queen Elizabeth I was Protestant.

So their religious differences meant they had different ideas how to rule.

Queen Elizabeth I had also rejected King Philip when he asked to marry her.

Let's take a moment to pause and check our understanding.

Elizabeth I and King Philip were always friends.

Is that true or false? Hmm, what do you think? That was false.

Now, looking at these two statements, which of these would help to justify your answer? Elizabeth and Philip were friendly at first, but after a while, King Philip became angry with Elizabeth I, or Philip wanted to stay friends with Elizabeth.

Pause the video here and have a discussion with your learning partner.

Which of these two statements would help to justify your answer? And press play when you are ready to continue.

What did you think? If you said that Elizabeth and Philip were friendly at first, but after a while, King Philip became angry with Elizabeth I, you're absolutely right.

Well done.

Things between Philip and Elizabeth have become more and more difficult, and in 1588, Spain declared war on England.

King Philip wanted to take control of England, so he sent a huge armada, which is a large group of warships to invade.

Take a look at this map here of the Spanish Armada journey.

Going to keep looking at that in the next few slides so we can see where the ships have travelled.

Now, when a group of people attack another country moving their soldiers into it, they invade that country.

And an armada is a large group of warships.

Queen Elizabeth I and England were in trouble.

Have a look at this painting of the Spanish Armada.

There's huge warships on their way to England.

Let's take a moment to pause and check our understanding.

Complete this sentence with the correct key word.

King Philip and Spain decided to, England.

What keyword is missing there in that gap? Pause the video here and give yourself a moment to think, and press play when you are ready to continue.

What did you think? If you said, King Philip and Spain decided to invade England.

You are absolutely right.

Well done.

This brings us to our first learning task.

I'd like you to retell the story of Elizabeth I and King Phillips relationship.

You could use these sentence starters to help you.

As queen, Elizabeth I faced.

To start with, Elizabeth I and King Philip.

Later, King Philip became.

In 1588.

So pause the video here and give yourself enough time to retell the story of Elizabeth and King Philip's relationship, and press play when you are ready to continue.

How did that go? Shall we take a look at an example? Your answers could include: As queen, Elizabeth I faced lots of challenges.

To start with, Elizabeth I and King Philip were friendly.

Later, King Philip became angry with Queen Elizabeth for the way she ruled England.

In 1588, a war happened when King Philip and Spain decided to invade England.

Well done, if you were able to retell the story of Elizabeth and King Philip's relationship.

And well done for completing that learning task.

This brings us to the second part of our lesson.

We're going to explore how England defeated the Spanish Armada.

The Spanish Armada travelled to England, on the 21st of July, 1588.

The ship's approached England in a crescent formation.

A crescent is a curved shape like the moon when it's less than half of the circle.

Have a look at that arrow pointing at the ships there that formed a crescent shape.

Now the Armada reached Cornwall first and was spotted by the English people.

Huge fire signals called beacons were lit all along the English coastline to warn England of the invasion.

The Armada continued through a part of the sea called the English Channel.

Elizabeth sent her best sailors to fight the Spanish in the English Channel.

She wanted to stop them from reaching the land and being able to invade.

The Spanish were chased by the English ships.

Let's take a moment to pause and check our understanding.

Where did Elizabeth I send sailors to fight the Spanish Armada? Cornwall.

English Channel.

France.

Pause the video here and have a discussion with your learning partner, and press play when you are ready to continue.

What did you think? If you said she sent them to the English Channel, you are absolutely right.

Well done.

The English soldiers were ready at Tilbury docks in case the Spanish army tried to invade again.

Queen Elizabeth I travelled to her army in Tilbury and made a famous speech saying she was as brave as any king.

She said, "I know I have the body of a weak and feeble woman, but I have the heart and stomach of a king, and of a King of England too." The Armada portrait of Queen Elizabeth I shows her as a warrior queen, and became one of the most famous portraits.

You can see that portrait here.

What can you see? What's in the windows behind her? And look at all of that incredible jewellery and the different clothing that she's wearing.

She certainly looks very powerful and strong.

Now, the Armada stopped near Calais in France, where more troops were meant to join.

However, with the strength of Queen Elizabeth I behind them, the English sent burning fire ships into the Armada.

The Spanish ships panicked and were scattered out of formation.

In their scattered formation, the Spanish ships ran into more danger when they were blown towards sandbanks and the English attacked again.

The Spanish Armada suffered a lot of damage.

Let's take a moment to pause and check our understanding.

The Spanish Armada experienced a lot of damage.

Is that true or false? Hmm, what do you think? If you said that's true, you are absolutely right.

Well done.

Now, taking a look at these two statements, which of these would help to justify your answer? The English sailors attacked the Spanish ships, but they escaped without a lot of damage.

The English sailors attacked the Spanish ships and caused a lot of damage.

Pause the video here and have a discussion with your learning partner, and press play when you are ready to continue.

What did you think? If you said the English sailors attacked the Spanish ships and caused a lot of damage, you are absolutely right.

Well done.

Now the Armada was forced north, and here they sailed into a storm.

Many ships were wrecked in the storm.

The surviving Spanish ships sailed back to Spain, but almost half of their ships were lost.

Although the English had fewer ships, they were helped by the weather.

England lost just 100 men, compared to 20,000 men and 51 ships lost by the Spanish in the storms. Queen Elizabeth I had done what many people thought was impossible.

She defeated the invincible Spanish Armada, and England was victorious.

You can see in that painting there, the Spanish Armada caught in the storm.

How brutal that had been.

Let's take a moment to pause and check our understanding.

What did the Spanish lose in the storm? 20,000 men.

Seven tonnes of gold.

51 ships.

Pause the video here and give yourself a moment to think, and press play when you are ready to continue.

What did they lose? They lost 20,000 men and 51 ships during the storm.

This brings us to our final learning task.

I'd like you to put these events into the correct order, starting with the earliest.

And number one has been done for you.

Number one, the Spanish Armada reached Cornwall, England.

What's the order of the rest of these events? We've got the Armada continued through the English channel.

The Armada was forced north and was caught in storms. Elizabeth the first made her speech at Tilbury.

The Spanish lost 20,000 men and 51 ships.

England was victorious.

Pause the video here and give yourself enough time to put these events into the correct order, starting with the earliest, and press play when you are ready to continue.

How did that go? Shall we take a look at the order? We've got the Spanish Armada reached Cornwall, England.

Then, the Armada continued through the English Channel.

Then, Elizabeth I made her speech at Tilbury and the Armada was forced north and was caught in storms. And finally, the Spanish lost 20,000 men and 51 ships.

England was victorious.

Well done if you were able to put those events into the correct order, and well done for completing that learning task.

Before we finish this lesson, let's summarise what we've learned about Queen Elizabeth and the Spanish Armada.

Queen Elizabeth I faced her greatest challenge yet when Spain decided to invade in 1588.

King Philip sent the Spanish Armada to take control of England.

Queen Elizabeth fought the Spanish and made an important speech to her army at Tilbury.

The Spanish Armada lost many ships, and sailors to the storms. Queen Elizabeth and England were victorious.

Thank you for joining me in this lesson today.

I hope to see you in the next one.

See you next time.