Hello, my name's Mrs. Casey.

What's your name? I am so excited to join you for this history lesson today.

Today's lesson is part of the unit "Iron Age Britain: What have historians learn about Iron Age Britain?" The Iron Age took place over 2000 years ago.

Archaeologists and historians learn about the Iron Age by looking at artefacts and things that have survived from the Iron Age.

This lesson is called "The Discovery of Lindow Man." This was a fascinating discovery that taught historians about the Iron Age.

I can't wait to get started.

Shall we go? By the end of this lesson, you'll be able to describe the discovery of Lindow Man and some of the things that archaeologists have worked out from examining his body.

Here are some of the key words we are going to be using in our lesson.

Peat, peat is a type of soil formed in bogs over a long period of time.

Archaeologist, an archaeologist is someone who studies human history by looking at artefacts.

Bog, a bog is a wet area of muddy ground.

Preserved, if something is preserved, it is kept in its original state.

Look out for these words in our lesson.

We'll be using them lots.

Today's lesson is made up of two parts.

The first part is called Lindow Man, the second part is what did archaeologists learn? Around 40 years ago in 1984, a peat worker named Andy Mould made a discovery that fascinated archaeologists around the world.

Here is a photograph of a peat bog in Northwest England.

You can see it's a very muddy, wet area.

A peat worker is someone who dug up peat from peat bogs.

Peat is a decomposed plant material formed over many years.

The peat was dried out and used for fuel or compost to grow vegetables and mushrooms. Peat is no longer dug up in this way as it's a non-renewable resource and an important store of carbon.

Great listening so far.

Let's check what we've learned.

What job was Andy Mould doing when he made a fascinating discovery in 1984? Was he A, an archaeologist, B, a peat worker, or C, a toilet cleaner? Pause the video and tell the person next to you.

Well done everyone.

Andy Mould was a Pete worker back in 1984.

I bet you're wondering what his fascinating discovery was.

Well, on August the first, 1984, Andy was working at the peat bog when he noticed something unusual.

Andy and the other workers had uncovered a human body.

Yes, a human body.

Immediately they called the police and an investigation began.

There was a lot of media coverage.

It was on the news.

Even though the body was incredibly well preserved, it was discovered to be 2000 years old.

That's dating back to the end of the Iron Age.

It was an ancient human.

This was really amazing because his features, nails and even his hair were still visible.

Can you see the timeline? So in 1984, the human body was discovered, and over 2000 years ago is when the Iron Age human was living.

Great listening.

Let's check what we've learned with this true or false.

The peat worker discovered a human body that was 40 years old.

Is that true or false? Pause the video and have a think.

Well done everyone.

That's false.

Was it false because in 1984, the peat worker discovered a body from the Iron Age that was approximately 2000 years old? Or is it false because in 1984, the peat worker discovered an artefact from the Iron Age that was approximately 2000 years old? Fantastic, it was A, a human body was discovered, but it was 2000 years old.

The Iron Age human body was found in a peat bog called Lindow Moss, near Cheshire in the Northwest of England.

Can you see it on the map here? The Iron Age body was so well preserved because of the unique conditions in the bog.

The bog was cold and contained mosses a type of plant that preserved the skin, turning it into a sort of leather.

Can you remember? Preserved is one of our key words.

If something is preserved, it is kept in its original state.

Historians and archaeologists were fascinated because they were able to see what a person from the Iron Age around 2000 years ago would've looked like.

They were also able to find out lots about people and life during the Iron Age from the body.

The body was removed from the peat bog and is now kept on display in the British Museum in London.

It's also been part of exhibitions in Manchester Museum.

The body is called Lindow Man named after the place where it was discovered.

Great listening, everyone.

Let's check what we've learned.

Identify whether each statement below is true or false.

Indicate your answers with a tick for true and a across for false.

A, Lindow Man was found in a peat bog called Lindow Moss.

Is that true or false? The unique conditions of the bog preserved the body.

Is that true or false? The body is now kept in a church.

Is that true or false? Pause the video and have a chat with the person next to you about your answers.

Excellent work everyone.

Lindow Man was found in a peat bog called Lindow Moss.

That's correct.

The unique conditions of the bog preserved the body.

That's correct too.

The body is now kept in a museum, not a church.

Well done everyone.

You are doing so well with today's history lesson.

We're ready for our first task.

Create a fact file of the discovery.

Use these words to help you.

Peat worker, preserved body, Lindow Moss, 1984 and archaeologists.

Here are the questions to think about who made the discovery? What did they discover? Where was the discovery made? When was the discovery made? Why was the discovery important? Pause the video and have a go at our first task about Lindow Man.

Great work everyone.

Here is what some of your answers may have looked like.

Who made the discovery? A peat worker called Andy Mould.

What did they discover? A 2000 year old preserve body.

Where was the discovery made? Lindow Moss, Northwest England.

When was the discovery made? It was in August, 1984, 40 years ago.

Why was the discovery important? Because archaeologists were able to learn about Iron Age people.

Fantastic.

Now we're going to move on to the second part of our lesson.

What did archaeologists learn? I find out what they discovered from the body.

Are you ready? Let's go.

Archaeologists use artefacts and evidence left behind by humans to work out what life in the past was like.

It's a bit like a big puzzle.

Do you like doing puzzles? They're lots of fun.

The incredible discovery of Lindow Man enabled archaeologists to discover a lot about Iron Age people.

They discovered what an Iron Age person might have looked like.

Here is a model of what Lindow Man may have looked like.

They found out that he was a male.

He was about 170 centimetres tall.

He weighed about 60 kilogrammes.

He was about 25 years old when he died.

That sounds fairly young, but in the Iron Age, that was old for a person because people didn't live for as long, so he was quite old, slim and of medium height.

Perhaps you can measure out how tall 170 centimetres is.

Archaeologists also learned about how Iron Age people may have groomed and cared for themselves.

The Iron Age man had brown hair, a moustache and a beard.

The beard was trimmed and very neat.

And he had healthy teeth that he had been looking after.

There were no holes and no missing teeth.

His nails were also very clean and looked after.

And there was no evidence that he had done any hard work with his hands like farming.

So perhaps he was an important person that was looked after well.

Well done everyone.

That is a lot of listening.

You're doing a great job.

Let's check what we've learned.

Can we identify the one mistake in each sentence and correct it? Number one, the body discovered in Lindow Moss peat bog was a woman.

The body had blonde hair, a beard, and a moustache.

Lindow Man had damaged teeth.

See if you can find the mistakes in each statement.

Pause the video and tell your partner about it.

Excellent work everyone.

Your answers may include, the body discovered in a Lindow Moss peat bog was a man.

The body had brown hair, a beard and a moustache.

Lindow Man had healthy teeth.

Did you spot all the mistakes and correct them? Well done.

Archaeologists were also able to find out about Iron Age food from the evidence in Lindow Man's stomach.

There was a flatbread made from wheat, which had been cooked over a fire and also some mistletoe.

Mistletoe isn't a an edible though.

You can't eat it because it's poisonous.

So although they discovered lots by looking at the body of Lindow Man, there are still many questions that archaeologists can't answer, such as who was he? Where did he live? Why did he die? Did he have a job? Can you think of any other questions? Let's check what we've learned.

Laura is talking about Lindow Man.

Do you agree with Laura? Discuss your ideas with a partner.

Here's what she said.

Archaeologists were able to find out everything about Lindow Man from examining his body because it was so well preserved.

Have a think and discuss your ideas with a partner.

Pause the video.

Okay, well done everyone.

Laura is correct that Lindow Man's body was so well preserved.

Archaeologists were able to find out lots of things about him, but not everything as there are still some questions they can't answer.

Great work, everyone.

Now we're ready for our second task.

Task B.

Sort these questions about Lindow Man into the correct boxes.

Questions we can answer and questions we cannot answer.

What did he look like? Who was he? Did he have a family? Why did he die? What did he eat? Pause the video and see if you can sort the questions into the correct boxes.

Excellent work.

Questions we can answer are what did he look like? What did he eat? Questions we can't answer.

Who was he? Did he have a family? And why did he die? Fantastic work everyone and great listening.

Finding out about this discovery that fascinated archaeologists around the world and taught us so much about the Iron Age.

Let's summarise what we've learned.

40 years ago, a preserved human body was discovered at a peat bog in the Northwest of England.

Archaeologists believe the body is approximately 2000 years old from the end of the Iron Age.

By looking at this preserved body, archaeologists have been able to work out all sorts of things about the Iron Age.

There are also lots of things archaeologists still don't know about Lindow Man.

And that's the end of our lesson about Lindow Man from the Iron Age.

Well done everyone.

Fantastic listening today.

I'm really looking forward to our next lesson all about the Iron Age.

Bye for now.