Lesson video
In progress...Loading...
Hi, I'm Ms. Miah.
Thank you so much for joining me in this lesson.
Let's get started.
In this lesson, you'll be able to describe important connections, places, and empires in the early 9th century.
Here are your keywords.
The Tang Dynasty was a powerful empire in ancient China that lasted from 618 to 907 CE.
Carolingian refers to a powerful family and empire in Europe during the early Middle Ages.
The Carolingian Empire was ruled by kings from the Carolingian family, the most famous of whom was Charlemagne.
Harun al-Rashid was a ruler who lived during the Islamic Golden Age in the Abbasid Caliphate.
Fantastic.
Let's move on.
So this lesson is all about Europe, the Mediterranean, and Asia in the early 9th century world.
We have four lesson cycles today, and our first lesson cycle is to do with major empires of Europe and Asia.
Next, we'll be looking at the historical context in England.
After that, we'll be looking at Charlemagne, the Umayyads, and the Abbasids.
And lastly, we'll be learning about the conflicts and friendships between the empires.
This is going to be a super fun lesson.
Let's get started.
On the left, we have an image of an 1878 map of Europe.
In the 9th century, the major empires of Europe and Asia were the Tang, the Abbasids, the Carolingians, the Byzantines, and the Umayyads.
In this map, we can see the extent of the Tang Dynasty in the 8th century.
The Tang Dynasty governed China during a period of great strength and wealth in Chinese history.
Over to you.
Change one word in the sentence to make it correct.
The Tang Dynasty was a powerful empire in ancient Egypt that lasted from 618 to 907 CE.
Which word will you be changing?
You can pause the video here and click play when you've done this.
So, what did you get?
If you got China instead of Egypt, well done.
The Tang Dynasty was a powerful empire in ancient China that lasted from 618 to 907 CE.
Well done if you got that correct.
Let's move on.
Here we have a map of the Abbasid Caliphate.
The Abbasid Caliphate, which had its capital in Baghdad, was the center of the Islamic world in the 9th century.
Here we have a portrait of Charlemagne, 742 to 814.
The Carolingian Empire covered areas we now call France, Germany, and Italy.
It was established by Charlemagne, who was crowned Empire of the Romans in 800 CE.
Over to you.
Which two facts about Charlemagne are true?
He was the ruler of Carolingian Empire.
He was the ruler of the Roman Empire.
He was crowned Emperor of the Romans.
Or he was crowned king of France.
What do you think?
You can pause the video here and click play when you've got the two facts that are true.
So what did you get?
If you got A, he was the ruler of the Carolingian Empire, that's correct, and C, he was crowned Emperor of the Romans.
Well done if you got those two answers.
Let's move on.
On the left, we have a map of the Byzantine Empire and the Persian Empire at its peak in 565 CE.
The Byzantine Empire was known as the Eastern Roman Empire.
It was centered in Constantinople, which we now call Istanbul.
It was a hub for Orthodox Christianity.
Here we have a map of the Umayyad Caliphate, century 720.
The Umayyad Caliphate was an important Islamic empire that grew to take over large areas in the Middle East, North Africa, and Spain.
They spread Islam and Arabic culture, making Arabic the main language in their lands.
Over to you.
Choose the correct word to complete each sentence about major empires of Europe and Asia.
The Byzantine Empire was also known as the Eastern or Western Roman Empire.
The Umayyad Caliphate was an important Christian or Islamic empire.
You can pause the video here and click play when you've completed this.
So, what did you get?
Let's have a look at the first sentence.
The Byzantine Empire was also known as the Eastern Empire.
Well done if you got that correct.
And secondly, the Umayyad Caliphate was an important Islamic empire.
Fabulous.
Let's move on.
Task A, I'd like you to match the empire in column A to its location in column B.
So in column A, we have Tang, Abbasid, Carolingian, Byzantine, Umayyad.
And column B, we've got parts of France, Germany, and Italy, Middle East, North Africa, and Spain, centered around Istanbul, China, centered around Baghdad.
You can pause the video here and click play when you've completed the task.
So what did you get?
Well, you should have got this.
The Tang Dynasty was located in China.
The Abbasid Caliphate was centered around Baghdad.
The Carolingian Empire was located in parts of France, Germany, and Italy.
The Byzantine Empire was centered around Istanbul.
And the Umayyad Caliphate were located in the Middle East, North Africa, and Spain.
Well done if you managed to match those correctly.
Let's move on.
Lesson cycle two, historical context in England.
Let's begin.
In the early medieval period, England was divided into several smaller kingdoms, each ruled by its own Anglo-Saxon leader.
And here we have a map of Britain in 886.
Over time, these leaders started to join forces to make their land stronger and safer.
By the late 9th century, under the leadership of rulers like Alfred the Great of Wessex, the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms began to unite into one single kingdom.
On the right here, we have an illustration of Alfred the Great, 875 to 880 CE.
This was an important step in creating the Kingdom of England, which would occur in the following centuries.
Over to you.
Explain to your learning partner why Anglo-Saxon leaders in England in the early medieval period started to join forces.
You can pause the video here and click play when you've completed your discussion.
So, how did that go?
Well, you may have said something like this: Anglo-Saxon leaders united to create a safer and more powerful land that could withstand external threats and invasions.
Task B, read Lucas's statement below.
Do you agree with it?
Explain.
Lucas says, "In the 9th century, England was a united nation.
" You can pause the video here and click play when you've completed this task.
So how did you do?
Well, you may have said something like this: Lucas is not correct.
In the late 9th century, Anglo-Saxon kings started to join forces to better protect themselves against invasion.
This was an important step in creating the Kingdom of England, which would occur in the following centuries.
Well done if you got that correct.
Let's move on.
Our third learning cycle is all about Charlemagne, the Umayyads, and the Abbasids.
Let's begin.
Here we have a map showing the Abbasid Caliphate and the Umayyad Caliphate.
In the early 9th century, there were two major Muslim empires: the Umayyad Caliphate and the Abbasid Caliphate.
These two groups were rivals and didn't get along very well.
The Umayyads ruled over a large part of the Iberian Peninsula.
The Abbasids, on the other hand, were based in the Middle East.
Although they both followed Islam, these two groups were rivals.
The Abbasids wanted to weaken the Umayyads, who controlled Spain.
Over to you.
Even though the Abbasids and Umayyads were rivals, both groups followed Christianity.
Is this true, or is this false?
You can pause the video here and click play when you've got the first part to the answer.
So what did you get?
If you got false, well done.
I'd like you to justify your answer.
Is it A, even though the Abbasids and Umayyads were rivals, both groups followed Islam, or B, the Abbasids and Umayyads were not rivals?
What do you think?
You can pause the video here and click play when you've got the answer.
So what did you get?
If you got A, well done, you're correct.
Even though the Abbasids and Umayyads were rivals, both of the groups followed Islam.
Here we have a map of the Carolingian Empire in 814.
At the same time in Europe, the Carolingian Empire was ruled by Charlemagne, one of the most powerful Christian rulers of the time.
Here we have a portrait of Charlemagne, 742 to 814.
The Umayyads in Spain wanted to expand their territory and power into Charlemagne's empire.
The Abbasids provided support to Charlemagne to help weaken their rivals, the Umayyads.
Over to you.
Which of the following statements is correct?
Is it A, the Umayyads supported Charlemagne to help weaken their rivals, the Abbasids, B, the Abbasids supported Charlemagne to help weaken their rivals, the Umayyads, or C, the Abbasids supported the Umayyads to help weaken their rival, Charlemagne.
What do you think?
You can pause the video here and click play when you've got the answer.
So, what did you get?
If you got B, you are correct.
Well done.
The Abbasids supported Charlemagne to help weaken their rivals, the Umayyads.
Super, let's move on.
Task C, I'd like you to change one word in each sentence to make it correct.
Sentence one, the Abbasids and Umayyads were both Islamic empires, but they were friends.
Two, the Umayyads controlled much of China.
Three, Charlemagne was a powerful Muslim leader.
And four, the Abbasids provided support to the Byzantine Empire to help weaken the Umayyads.
You can pause the video here and click play when you've completed the task.
So, what did you get?
Well, this is what you should have got.
Sentence one, the Abbasids and Umayyads were both Islamic empires, but they were rivals; they were not friends.
Two, the Umayyads controlled much of Spain.
Three, Charlemagne was a powerful Christian ruler, not an Islamic ruler.
Four, the Abbasids provided support to the Carolingian Empire to help weaken the Umayyads.
Well done if you managed to get all of those correct.
Let's move on.
Lesson cycle four.
Now we're going to have a look at the conflicts and friendships between the empires.
Let's get started.
On the left, we have a map of the Byzantine, Abbasid, and Carolingian Empires around 814 CE.
The Byzantines, the Carolingians, and the Abbasids all wanted to expand their territories, which caused tension and conflict between them.
Both Charlemagne and the Byzantine Empires saw themselves as the true heirs to the Roman Empire.
When Charlemagne was crowned Emperor of the Romans, the Byzantines were not happy because they thought they were the real Roman Empire.
Over to you.
Which of the following students is correct?
A, we have Alex here saying, "When Charlemagne was crowned Emperor of Rome, the Byzantines were happy and supported the Carolingians.
" Sam is saying, "When Charlemagne was crowned Emperor of the Romans, the Byzantines were happy because, like the Carolingians, the Pope was the leader of their church.
" And lastly, Jacob says, "When Charlemagne was crowned Emperor of the Romans, the Byzantines were not happy because they believed that they were the true continuation of the Roman Empire.
" You can pause the video here and click play when you've got the correct answer.
You can pause the video here and click play when you've got the answer.
So what did you get?
If you got C and agreed with Jacob, you are correct.
When Charlemagne was crowned Emperor of the Romans, the Byzantines were not happy because they believed that they were the true continuation of the Roman Empire.
Fantastic.
Let's move on.
On the left, we have a sketch of Harun al-Rashid, the leader of the Abbasids.
At the same time, the Abbasids, with Harun al-Rashid as their powerful caliph, ruled a large area in the Middle East.
To support each other against the Byzantines, Harun al-Rashid and Charlemagne created a friendship, with Harun al-Rashid even sending gifts, including an elephant and an automatic water clock, to Charlemagne in 801 CE.
Here we have an illustration of Charlemagne receiving gifts sent from Harun al-Rashid.
Over to you.
Tick the correct column to say whether the statements are true or false.
Statement one, the Abbasids and Umayyads were allies.
Statement two, the Abbasids and the Carolingians were allies.
Statement three, the Umayyads and the Carolingians were allies.
And lastly, statement four, the Abbasids, the Carolingians, and the Byzantines were allies.
What do you think?
You can pause the video here and click play when you've completed this task.
So how did that go?
Well, you should have got this.
The Abbasids and Umayyads were allies, this is false.
The Abbasids and the Carolingians were allies, this is true.
The Umayyads and the Carolingians were allies, false.
And lastly, the Abbasids, the Carolingians, and the Byzantines were allies, this is false.
Well done if you managed to get that correct.
Let's move on.
Task D, one.
I'd like you to explain to a partner how the following are connected: Charlemagne, Harun al-Rashid, Byzantine Empire.
You can pause the video here and click play when you've completed this task.
So, what did you get?
Your answer could include something like this: By creating a friendship, Charlemagne and Harun al-Rashid could help prevent the Byzantine Empire from growing even larger.
Two, write some sentences about how the different empires were connected in the early 9th century.
Think about who were rivals and who were allies.
You could use the words below to help you.
So the words we have here are Abbasids, Byzantines, Harun al-Rashid, rivals, Carolingians, Umayyads, Charlemagne, and allies.
You can pause the video here and click play when you've completed this part of the task.
So what did you get?
Your answer could include something like this: The Umayyad and Abbasid Empires were both Muslim, but they were rivals.
They both wanted to take over new territories, which created conflict.
The Abbasids were allies with Charlemagne because they wanted to stop the Umayyads from becoming too powerful.
With Harun al-Rashid as their leader, they also supported Charlemagne and his Carolingian Empire against the Byzantines.
The Carolingians and the Byzantines were rivals because they both thought they were the true heirs to the Roman Empire.
Well done for completing this task.
Let's summarize our learning.
So this lesson was all about Europe, the Mediterranean, and Asia in the early 9th century world.
You now understand that the major empires of Europe and Asia were the Tang, the Abbasids, the Carolingians, the Byzantines, and the Umayyads.
In England, the smaller Anglo-Saxon kingdoms were beginning to unite into one single kingdom.
In Spain, the Umayyads wanted to expand north into Charlemagne's Carolingian Empire.
Charlemagne and Harun al-Rashid, caliph of the Abbasids, created a friendship to prevent the Byzantine Empire from growing even larger.
And lastly, as a mark of friendship, al-Rashid sent gifts to Charlemagne, including an elephant and an automatic water clock, in 801 CE.
Thank you so much for joining me in this lesson.
I hope you really enjoyed it.
Bye.
