Hello.

My name is Mrs. Tipping, and I'm really looking forward to learning with you today, all about significant turning points and thinking about in what ways Britain changed after World War II.

So, shall we get started? Let's go.

By the end of today's lesson, you'll be able to describe some of the experiences of the Windrush Generation.

Before we start, I would like to introduce you to some key words.

We'll be using these keywords during the lesson, so it might be a good idea to write these words down.

The keywords we'll be using today are Caribbean, Windrush Generation, discrimination, riot.

I'm going to say those again and I'd like you to repeat them after me.

Caribbean, Windrush Generation, discrimination, riot.

Good job.

Now let's think in more detail about what these keywords mean.

Here are the definitions for each of our keywords.

The Caribbean is a region of sea and islands off the coast of North, Central, and South America.

The Caribbean migrants that travelled to Britain in the years after the second World War are known as the Windrush Generation.

Discrimination means treating someone unfairly because of things such as age, skin colour, or religious beliefs.

When lots of people are violent and disturb the peace, it is known as a riot.

Pause the video here to make a note of these keywords, and when you're ready to continue, press play.

These are the learning cycles that we'll be working through together in today's lesson: rebuilding Britain after World War II, the Empire Windrush, discrimination in Britain.

In the first learning cycle, we will explore how Britain was rebuilt after World War II.

Many lives were lost during the second World War between 1939 and 1945 and buildings and homes across Britain had been destroyed.

To rebuild the country, Britain needed 1.

3 million workers.

There were not enough people to fill jobs in industries such as construction, manufacturing, the NHS, transport and postal services.

To solve this problem, the Nationality Act in 1948 gave people who lived in countries that were part of the British Empire at the time the right to live and work in Britain if they wanted to.

Many Caribbean men and women had served in the armed forces during the war, including 600 women in the ATS.

Some of them used this opportunity to move to Britain to rejoin the armed forces or to find other jobs.

They became citizens of the United Kingdom.

People moved to Britain from countries in the Caribbean, such as Jamaica, Bermuda, Trinidad, Mexico, and British Guiana.

Let's take a moment to pause and check our understanding here.

Britain needed people to move to the country to fill jobs in the construction, health, transport, and postal services.

Is that true or false? What do you think? Is that statement true or false? Well, if you said that's true, you're absolutely right.

Well done.

Now taking a look at these two statements here, which would help to justify your answer: Britain needed 2,000 workers to fill these jobs, Britain needed 1.

3 million workers to fill these jobs.

Pause the video here and have a discussion with your partner.

Which of these two statements would help to justify your answer? And press play when you're ready to continue.

What did you think? If you said that Britain needed 1.

3 million workers to fill these jobs, you're absolutely right.

Well done.

This brings us to our first learning task.

I'd like you to choose the correct word to complete the sentences below.

Now, there are five sentences, so I'm going to read through them all for you, and then I'd like you to make sure that you look at the purple words and choose the correct one to complete the sentence.

So after the first/second World War, Britain needed people to help rebuild the country.

In 1948-1958, people from countries that were in the British Empire were invited to Britain to work and become citizens.

Lots of people came to Britain from countries in the Caribbean, Mediterranean to help fill the jobs.

Many of the people in countries in the British Empire had served in the Armed Forces, postal services during the war.

600 Caribbean men/women had been in the ATS.

So pause the video here.

Give yourself enough time to choose the correct word in each of these five sentences to complete them, and press play when you're ready to continue.

How did that go? Shall we take a look at the answers? So here are each of the five sentences.

In the first one, after the second World War, Britain needed people to help rebuild this country.

In the second one, in 1948, people from countries that were in the British Empire were invited to Britain to work and become citizens.

In the third one, lots of people came to Britain from countries in the Caribbean to help fill the jobs.

In the fourth one, many of the people in countries in the British Empire had served in the armed forces during the war.

And 600 Caribbean women had been in the ATS.

So those correct words are second, 1948, Caribbean, armed forces, and women.

Well done for completing that learning task.

We're now ready to move on to the second part of this lesson.

We are going to explore the Empire Windrush.

The Empire Windrush was a passenger ship that travelled to Britain in 1948.

It picked up the first passengers in Trinidad, then sailed onto Jamaica, then Mexico, Cuba, and finally Bermuda before sailing to the UK, arriving in June 1948.

It cost 28 pounds to travel on the Empire Windrush, which was not cheap at the time.

Most of the people on the ship had already arranged places to live and jobs for when they arrived in Britain.

Take a look at that map there.

You can see the Empire Windrush's journey in 1948.

Let's take a moment to pause and check our understanding.

What was the Empire Windrush: a bus, a plane, a ship? Pause the video here, and when you're ready to hear the answer, press play.

If you said that the Empire Windrush is a ship, you're absolutely right.

Well done.

The ship arrived at the Tilbury Docks in Essex on the 22nd of June, 1948 with 1,027 passengers onboard.

Around half of these came from Jamaica, but there were also people from places like Poland, Mexico, and Scotland.

Overall, 802 passengers came from somewhere in the Caribbean.

Look at that photo there of the Empire Windrush ship.

It's a rather large ship, isn't it? The arrival of the Empire Windrush is often seen as the start of people from the Caribbean migrating to Britain for jobs and a better life.

The people who moved to Britain from the Caribbean and became citizens from 1945 to 1973 became known as the Windrush Generation.

Let's take a moment to pause and check our understanding.

The Windrush Generation are British citizens from.

that settled in the UK between 1945 and 1973.

So what fills that gap: India, the Caribbean, Australia, Ireland? Pause the video here.

Have a quick discussion with your partner, and when you're ready to continue, press play.

What did you think? If you said the Windrush Generation are British citizens from the Caribbean that settled in the UK between 1945 and 1973, you're absolutely right.

Well done.

Only around 236 people from the Empire Windrush did not have plans for a job or somewhere to stay when they arrived.

These people were allowed to stay temporarily in an underground air raid shelter in Clapham, London until they found a job.

Most of these people eventually found jobs near the Clapham area, and so they settled there permanently.

Life was tough for people in Britain after the second World War ended, and this was the same for those who arrived from the Caribbean.

They had to queue for food as rationing continued until 1954.

The weather was colder and wetter than they were used to.

They had left friends and family behind and often lived in poor housing.

Let's take a moment to pause and check our understanding here.

Decide whether the following statements are true or false.

Put a tick for true or a cross for false.

The Empire Windrush arrived in Scotland in 1948.

Over 1,000 people travelled on the Empire Windrush.

Every passenger on the Empire Windrush had a job to go to in Britain.

The Empire Windrush brought people from the Caribbean to Britain.

So pause the video here, have a discussion with your partner, decide whether the following statements are true or false, and press play when you're ready to continue.

How did that go? Shall we take a look at the answers? So, the Empire Windrush did not arrive in Scotland in 1948.

There were over 1,000 people that travelled on the Empire Windrush.

Every passenger on the Empire Windrush did not have a job to go to in Britain.

And the Empire Windrush did bring people from the Caribbean to Britain.

Well done if you managed to decide whether those were true or false correctly.

This brings us to our second learning task.

I'd like you to add labels to the photo of the Empire Windrush ship.

You could include the name of the ship, the date of arrival, where it came from and arrived to, who was on board, why people were on board.

So pause the video here and give yourself enough time and press play when you're ready to continue.

How did that go? Were you able to add labels to the photo? Well, let's look at an example.

So you could've added Empire Windrush, which is the name of the ship, that it arrived on the 22nd of June 1948, that it came from the Caribbean, that it arrived at Tilbury Docks in Britain, which is in Essex, and that over a thousand people were on board, and that people moved to Britain to help rebuild it.

Well done for completing that learning task.

This brings us to the final part of our lesson.

We're going to explore discrimination in Britain.

Unfortunately, some of the people from the Caribbean were made to feel unwelcome in Britain.

They were often treated unfairly and differently because of racism.

This was discrimination and it made it difficult for them to find jobs and somewhere to live.

Discrimination means treating someone unfairly because of something like their skin colour.

Black people were often excluded from shops, restaurants, and skilled jobs.

Some landlords refused to rent their properties to Black families.

Many were forced to accept employment with low wages and live in poor housing.

A high number of people from the Caribbean ended up settling in an area of London called Notting Hill, which was an area with high rates of poverty, crime and violence.

Let's take a moment to pause and check our understanding.

Select the types of discrimination that people from the Caribbean faced in Britain.

Landlords refused to rent houses to them.

They were not able to get jobs.

They were excluded from restaurants.

They were made to feel unwelcome.

Pause the video here and have a discussion with your partner about the types of discrimination that people from the Caribbean faced in Britain and press play when you're ready to continue.

So the types of discrimination that people from the Caribbean faced were that landlords refused to rent houses to them, they were not able to get jobs, they were excluded from restaurants, and they were made to feel unwelcome.

So all of these different ways the Caribbean people were discriminated against.

Racist ideas and discrimination caused riots in Notting Hill in August 1958 with lots of people attacking each other and fighting in the streets.

People from the Caribbean were violently attacked by large groups of white people and their property was vandalised.

Black people defended their homes, friends and property, and the riots lasted for weeks, eventually spreading to other places in the country too, such as Nottingham.

A few months after these riots ended, Claudia Jones, a human rights activist from Trinidad, organised an indoor Caribbean carnival in Notting Hill in January 1958.

She hoped that this would bring the people living in Notting Hill closer together to learn about and celebrate Caribbean culture instead of fighting.

The carnival has happened every year since then and has become known as the Notting Hill Carnival, the largest street festival in Europe, which celebrates Black British culture today.

Let's take a moment to pause and check our understanding.

Can you match the word to the definition? So we have riot, Windrush Generation, discrimination.

The Caribbean migrants that travelled to Britain in the years after the second World War, when lots of people are violent and disturb the peace, treating someone unfairly because of things such as age, skin colour, or religious beliefs.

So pause the video here.

Give yourself enough time to match the word to the definition and press play when you're ready to continue.

How did that go? Shall we take a look at the answers? So a riot is when lots of people are violent and disturb the peace.

The Windrush Generation are the Caribbean migrants that travelled to Britain in the years after the second World War.

Discrimination is treating someone unfairly because of things such as age, skin colour, or religious beliefs.

Well done if you were able to match those correctly.

This brings us to our final learning task.

I'd like you to write a news report to describe the story of the Windrush Generation.

You could include discrimination, Caribbean, rebuild, Notting Hill, riots, carnival, Empire Windrush, 22nd of June, 1948.

So pause the video here.

Give yourself enough time, make sure that you have a pen and some paper, and write a news report to describe the story of the Windrush Generation and press play when you're ready to continue.

How did that go? Shall we have a look at an example? So your answer could include: The Empire Windrush ship arrived in the Tilbury Docks on the 22nd of June, 1948.

Over 1,000 people onboard had travelled across from the Caribbean and most had come to help Britain rebuild after World War II.

These people have become known as the Windrush Generation.

Many have been part of the armed forces that helped Britain win the war, yet these people did not receive a warm welcome.

They faced discrimination and were excluded from housing and jobs.

By 1958, this led to weeks of violent riots in Notting Hill in London.

People who had come from the Caribbean were attacked in the streets.

To help bring the community together, a carnival started in Notting Hill in 1959 to celebrate Caribbean culture and has continued ever since, today becoming the largest street festival in Europe.

Well done for completing that learning task.

Now, before we finish this lesson, let's summarise what we've learned about the Windrush Generation.

After World War II, Britain needed workers and invited people from countries in the British Empire at the time, including from the Caribbean.

The first of these were over 800 people from the Caribbean who arrived at Tilbury Docks on the 22nd of June, 1948 on the ship the Empire Windrush.

Most of them faced discrimination in housing and employment in Britain.

In Notting Hill in August 1958, there were violent riots that lasted for weeks due to racial discrimination.

A few months later, the first Caribbean carnival was set up in Notting Hill, and since then, it has grown into the largest street festival in Europe.

Thank you for joining me in this lesson today.

I hope to see you in the next one.

See you next time.