Hello, I'm Mrs. Tipping, and I'm really looking forward to learning with you today all about the Great War, and thinking about the question, how did the Great War affect my local area? So shall we get started? Let's go.

By the end of today's lesson, you'll be able to describe how the military used medals to reward soldiers for their bravery and service in World War I.

Before we start, I'd like to introduce you to some keywords.

We'll be using these keywords during the lesson, so it might be good idea to write these words down.

The key words we'll be using today are prestigious, courage, award, Victoria Cross.

I'm going to say those again, and I would like you to repeat them after me.

Prestigious, courage, award, Victoria Cross.

Let's think in more detail about what these keywords mean.

Here are the definitions of our keywords.

Prestigious refers to people and things which are very important and highly respected.

Courage is shown when you choose to do something that frightens you.

An award is something that is given in recognition of an achievement.

The Victoria Cross was a prestigious award given to soldiers for acts of extreme bravery.

Pause the video here to make a note of the keywords.

And when you are ready to continue, press play.

These are the learning cycles that we'll be working through together in today's lesson.

Who was Captain Noel Chavasse? Why is Captain Noel Chavasse remembered? How were soldiers rewarded in World War I? In the first learning cycle, we will explore who Captain Noel Chavasse was.

Noel Chavasse was born just after his twin brother on the 9th of November, 1884 in Oxford.

As one of seven children, he was part of a large family.

When he was five years old, the Chavasse family moved to Liverpool because their father had been given a very important job.

He was now bishop of the city.

At school, Noel and his brother excelled at sports.

In fact, in 1908, Noel and his twin brother represented Great Britain in the Olympics by racing in the 400-meter sprint.

In time, both brothers became successful at school, which enabled them to attend university in Oxford.

Noel Chavasse was born just after his twin brother on the 9th of November, 1884 in Oxford.

As one of seven children, he was part of a large family.

When he was five years old, the Chavasse family moved to Liverpool because their father had been given a very important job.

He was now bishop of the city.

At school, Noel and his brother excelled at sports.

In fact, in 1908, Noel and his twin brother represented Great Britain in the Olympics by racing in the 400-meter sprint.

In time, both brothers became successful at school, which enabled them to attend university in Oxford.

Noel studied medicine to become a doctor, but he remained a keen sportsman and enjoyed playing rugby.

After leaving university in 1913, Noel was accepted into part of the army responsible for helping wounded soldiers, the Royal Army Medical Corps.

Although it sounds as though Noel Chavasse led quite an extraordinary life before the first World War, it was what he accomplished during it that has led him to be remembered as a local hero in the areas of Oxford and Liverpool.

Let's take a moment to pause and check our understanding.

Which of these best describes Noel's early life? Noel was an only child who was born in Liverpool.

Noel had a twin brother and was born in Oxford.

Noel had a twin brother and was born in Liverpool.

Take a moment to think which of these best describes Noel's early life.

If you said that Noel had a twin brother and was born in Oxford, you are absolutely right, well done.

Which of the following best describes Noel Chavasse? An athlete, a doctor, and a soldier.

An athlete, a bishop, and a soldier.

A brother, an athlete, and a bishop.

Take a moment to have a quick discussion with your partner which of the following best describes Noel Chavasse.

If you said an athlete, a doctor, and a soldier, you are absolutely right, well done.

It was his father that became a bishop.

This brings us to your first learning task of this lesson.

In chronological order, write a short biography about the early life of Captain Noel Chavasse.

A good biography will include information about his family and education, information about his sporting achievements, and information about joining the army.

So pause the video here, get yourself a pen and some paper, and write a short biography about the early life of Captain Noel Chavasse.

When you are ready to hear an answer, press play.

How did that go? Shall we take a look at an example of something you could have written? Your biography might look like this.

Captain Noel Chavasse was born on the 9th of November, 1884 in Oxford.

He was one of seven children and had a twin brother.

When he was five years old, his family moved to Liverpool.

Noel and his brother did well in sport at school.

They played rugby and competed in the Olympic games in 1908.

Noel studied medicine at Oxford University.

and in 1913, he joined the Royal Army Medical Corps.

Well done for completing that first learning task.

We're now ready to move on to the second part of this lesson.

Why is Captain Noel Chavasse remembered? Captain Noel Chavasse fought in many dangerous battles in World War I, including the Battle of the Somme, which claimed thousands of lives of men.

It is remembered as one of the war's bloodiest battles.

19,240 died on the first day alone.

He was a brave soldier who was awarded not only one, but two Victoria Crosses for acts of extreme courage.

Noel Chavasse was awarded his first Victoria Cross for an act of extreme courage he displayed during World War I.

On the 9th of August, 1916 at Guillemont, France, despite being under heavy fire, he helped wounded soldiers throughout the battle.

During the night, he spent four hours searching the area right in front of enemy lines for wounded soldiers.

He carried them to safety and collected many dead soldiers' identity discs so the families could know what happened to their loved ones.

He saved the lives of many men in this battle, and his courage was recognised by the army as worthy of this prestigious medal.

Noel Chavasse was awarded his second Victoria Cross for more acts of extreme courage between the 31st of July and the 2nd of August, 1917 in Wieltje, Belgium.

Once again, Noel Chavasse demonstrated extreme courage, and despite being severely wounded, carried another wounded soldier to safety.

He refused to leave his post and repeatedly went out in heavy fire to search for wounded soldiers.

Even with all the pain from his injuries, he went without food, and continued to search for wounded soldiers, and carry them to safety over no man's land.

Once again, he saved the lives of many soldiers.

Let's take a moment to pause and check for our understanding.

Is this statement true or false? Captain Noel Chavasse was awarded the Victoria Cross.

Is that true or false? Take a moment to think.

If you said that was true, you are absolutely correct.

And which of these two statements helps to justify your answer? The Victoria Cross was awarded to soldiers who provided medical care during World War I.

The Victoria Cross was awarded to soldiers who showed extreme acts of courage.

Take a moment to discuss with your partner which of these statements helps to justify your answer.

Pause the video and press play when you are ready to continue.

If you said the Victoria Cross was awarded to soldiers who showed extreme acts of courage, you are absolutely right, well done.

Captain Noel Chavasse later died of his wounds on the 4th of August, 1918, just three months before the end of World War I.

Chavasse is remembered in many war memorials in the UK and was even featured on a five-pound coin in 2017 to commemorate 100 years since World War I ended.

He's also remembered locally in Liverpool with a park named after him and his family and has his own statue.

There are only three soldiers who have been awarded the prestigious Victoria Cross medal twice, making Noel Chavasse highly significant.

How many soldiers have received two Victoria Cross medals? Hmm, let's pause and check our understanding.

How many soldiers have received two Victoria Cross medals? Is it one, three, or five soldiers? Hmm, take a moment to think.

If you said three, that's absolutely correct, well done.

And one of those people was Noel Chavasse.

This is our second learning task of this lesson.

I would like you to write two sentences to explain why Captain Noel Chavasse was awarded the Victoria Cross.

A good explanation might include extreme courage, helping wounded soldiers, under heavy fire, being injured, no man's land.

Pause the video here and get yourself a pen and some paper to write your two sentences down.

Give yourself enough time and when you are ready to continue, press play.

How did that go? Did you manage to get those two sentences down? Let's have a look at something you could have written.

So explain two reasons why Captain Noel Chavasse was awarded the Victoria Cross.

Captain Noel Chavasse was awarded the prestigious Victoria Cross twice for acts of extreme courage.

When he searched for wounded soldiers in no man's land.

Despite being under heavy fire, he assisted the wounded soldiers throughout the battle.

Even when he was badly injured and had no food, he continued to search for wounded soldiers.

Well done if you wrote two sentences similar to that and could explain the reasons why Captain Noel Chavasse was awarded the Victoria Cross.

This brings us onto the third part of this lesson.

How were soldiers rewarded in World War I? There were many medals that could be awarded to British soldiers for their actions in World War I.

These were given to recognise them for their extreme courage, skill, or service to their country.

Sometimes medals were awarded to soldiers who needed to retire from the army due to injuries received in battle.

Usually, soldiers received two or three medals, but some were awarded even more.

Soldiers often wore their medals as a set, and three of the most common medals were the 1914 to 1915 Star, which is the first one on this set of three images here.

Then the British War Medal and the Victory Medal.

They were awarded to soldiers who had served during World War I at particular times.

These medals became known unofficially as Pip, Squeak, and Wilfred, the names of characters from a popular comic strip in a newspaper.

They were sent out to every soldier who had earned them or if they had died to their families.

This made them quite common and many families have a relative who received these medals.

Let's take a moment to pause and check our understanding.

Is this statement true or false? The 1914 to 1915 Star, the British War Medal, and the Victory Medal were very common medals.

Is that true or false? Hmm, take a moment to think.

If you said that that was true, you are absolutely right.

And how would you justify your answer? Which of these two statements helps you to do that? They were given to soldiers who had served in World War I at particular times.

They were given to every soldier that fought in World War I.

Hmm, have a discussion with your partner which do you think of these two statements helps to justify your answer? If you said they were given to soldiers who had served in World War I at particular times, that's correct, well done.

One of the most prestigious medals was the Victoria Cross.

This was given to soldiers who had shown extreme courage just like Noel Chavasse.

It was named after Queen Victoria who had introduced the medal in 1856.

During World War I, 628 Victoria Cross medals were presented to soldiers by King George V.

Let's take a moment to pause.

The most prestigious medal awarded to soldiers for their service in World War I was the 1914 to 1915 Star, the Victory Medal, the Victoria Cross? Hmm, take moments to think which one is the most prestigious medal awarded to soldiers? If you said that it was the Victoria Cross, you are absolutely right, well done.

This brings us to the first part of our last learning task.

With your partner, discuss whether you think this statement is correct.

During World War I, the army only rewarded soldiers who displayed extreme courage.

Hmm, do you think that's correct or not? Pause the video here and take some time to discuss this with your partner, and press play when you are ready to continue.

How did that go? How was the discussion with your partner? You might have said something a bit like this.

Well, Laura's statement is not correct.

This isn't correct because many soldiers were also rewarded for serving in the war at particular times.

So soldiers were awarded the Victoria Cross for extreme courage, but they were also rewarded with other medals at other times during the war.

Let's move on to the second part of this task.

Using what you've learned in this lesson, can you explain in a paragraph how soldiers were rewarded in World War I? Make sure you explain what they often received as a reward and why they would receive it.

And you should try to use the following words and phrases in your paragraph.

Prestigious, courage, service, awarded, Noel Chavasse, medals, Pip, Squeak, and Wilfred, Victoria Cross.

So pause the video here, make sure you've got a pen and some paper, and take enough time to explain in a paragraph how soldiers were rewarded in World War I.

And when you are ready to continue, press play.

How was that? Did you manage to write your paragraph to explain how soldiers were rewarded? Let's have a look at an example.

So a good explanation would look something like this.

During World War I, soldiers were rewarded for their courage.

Soldiers like Noel Chavasse were awarded prestigious medals like the Victoria Cross.

They were also awarded medals for their service.

Many soldiers received three medals that they called Pip, Squeak, and Wilfred.

They received these to reward them for serving during the war at particular times.

Well done for completing that learning task.

Now, before we come to the end of this lesson, let's summarise what we've learned about Captain Noel Chavasse.

Captain Noel Chavasse was a medical doctor, Olympic athlete, and officer in the British Army.

He was a brave soldier who was awarded the Victoria Cross twice for acts of extreme courage.

Soldiers were awarded for their bravery in World War I by receiving various medals and awards.

The Victoria Cross was a prestigious award for soldiers who had demonstrated extreme courage, and is considered one of the highest awards a soldier can achieve.

Thank you for joining me in this lesson today.

We've learned a lot about Captain Noel Chavasse and how soldiers were rewarded during World War I.

I look forward to seeing you in the next lesson.

See you there.