Hi there, I'm Mr. Roberts.

Thanks for joining me for today's history lesson, where my job will be to guide you through our history resources.

I'll be making sure that by the end of today's lesson, you'll be able to securely meet our lesson objective.

By the end of today's lesson, you'll be able to recall that Britain's control of India impacted both countries significantly, and the historians interpretations on the impact differ.

There are five key terms which we need to make sure we're comfortable with before embarking on our learning journey today.

Anglicised refers to something or someone having adapted or been shaped in such a way as to exhibit English characteristics.

Infrastructure refers to building projects that help enable travel and communication within the country, for example, roads or railways.

Irrigation is the word used for waterways, enabling crop growth in areas where beforehand it wasn't possible.

Customs in this context refers to the ways of behaving and societal rules that a group of people follow.

And authoritarianism is the term for ruling in a non-democratic way, often enforcing the law through violence.

Our lesson on the impact of British rule in India is separated into three learning phases, and the first one is dedicated to examining the consolidation of Britain's rule in India.

India, the crown jewel of the British Empire held significant economic and strategic importance.

In 1858, following the Indian Rebellion, direct control was asserted by the British Crown through the appointment of a viceroy to oversee governance on behalf of Queen Victoria who adopted the additional title, Empress of India in 1876.

The viceroy was assisted by the new anglicised Indian elite who had been educated in the new British style of education.

British entrepreneurs, merchants and traders viewed India as a lucrative opportunity for wealth accumulation, and they exploited its vast economic resources, ranging from tea, coffee, and sugar cane, to precious gemstones, gold, silver, silk, and spices.

By establishing factories across India, they engaged in the production of various goods such as cotton and woollen cloth and flour.

This industrial activity generates profits, but also creates employment opportunities for both the Indian population and British settlers.

The British, as a result of India's economic importance to its empire made substantial investments in India's infrastructure development.

They constructed railways, bridges, canals, roads, factories, mines, and farms, laying the foundation for industrialization and fostering economic growth throughout the subcontinent.

These infrastructural advancements facilitated transportation, communication, and trade, and helpfully for the British, further consolidated their dominion over India.

Let's make sure we've secured some key information now.

By establishing factories across India, Britain produced which two of the below? A, cotton and woollen cloth, B, leather, C flour.

Pause the video while you decide on the answer and then press play when you are ready to resume.

Welcome back and well done if you said A and C.

By establishing factories across India, Britain produced cotton and woollen cloth and flour.

I'd now like you to match these key figures of this period with the correct descriptions.

Pause the video while you work out the correct answers, and then press play when you're ready to check your answers against mine.

Welcome back, and well done if you correctly identified that Queen Victoria was given the title of Empress of India.

Viceroy was the name given to the official in charge of governance in India, and the British Crown refers to the British state under the authority of the monarch, which had overall control of India at this time.

Next, I'd like you to answer a following question.

Using your learning so far, explain why there's a statute of Queen Victoria in India.

Write one paragraph for your answer, pause the video while you answer this question and then press play when you are ready for some feedback in the form of a model answer.

Welcome back.

I asked you to explain why there exists a statue of Queen Victoria in India.

Everyone will have written something slightly different in answer to this question, but well done if you were able to include any of the following in your answer.

The likely reason for the existence of a statute of Queen Victoria in India is because of British rule over India and its impact during the 19th century.

After the 1857 Indian Rebellion, British Crown took direct control of India.

Queen Victoria was declared Empress of India, and her statue represents her authority and British control.

India's vast resources such as gold, silver, silk, and spices made it extremely valuable to the British Empire, which might be why they put up a statue of the Empress of India.

Well done for your hard work there, and now it's time to move on to the second part of our lesson today, where we'll be looking at challenging and criticising British rule.

Despite the developments on India's infrastructure and economic advancements brought about by British rule in India, there was significant criticism and challenges faced by the colonial administration there.

Some positive changes were introduced, such as irrigation programmes, coal mining initiatives, and healthcare improvements like vaccination and treatment programmes.

Before we move on though, let's just check the following.

True or false? Britain contributed nothing to the development of Indian infrastructure.

Pause the video while you decide on the correct answer and then press play when you are ready for the answer to be revealed.

Welcome back and well done if you said correct answer was false.

Now let's justify that answer.

Which of the following is true? A, Britain contributed railways and irrigation programmes to develop the infrastructure in India and boost its economy, or B, Britain contributed airports and motorways to develop the infrastructure in India and boost its economy.

As ever.

pause the video while you come to a decision on the correct justification and then press play to continue with the lesson.

Hello again and well done if you said the answer is A, it's true to say that Britain contributed railways and irrigation programmes to develop the infrastructure in India and to boost its economy.

British policies were also blamed for exacerbating natural disasters such as famines.

British rule led to food shortages in India, resulting in widespread suffering and loss of life.

British colonialism also imposed its customs onto the Indian population, often disregarding local traditions, cultures, and religions.

This cultural imperialism led to tensions between the colonists and the colonised, with Indian workers also facing exploitation under British rule, with labour conditions often being harsh, and unfair.

Furthermore, raw materials were ruthlessly exploited for the benefits of British industries, leading to an economic boom and increased standards of living in Britain that far outstrips any improvements in the Indian population.

In addition, any resistance or dissent against British rule was met with severe repression by the colonial administration, often through the deployment of the British Army to suppress rebellions and uprisings.

This authoritarianism fueled resentment and resistance among the Indian population, contributing to a growing dissatisfaction with, and struggle against colonial oppression.

Now let's make sure we've secured some more key information.

Which two of the following led to a growing dissatisfaction among the Indian population towards British rule? A, Queen Victoria's opinions on India, B, brutal treatment of anyone who disagreed with Britain, or C, poor conditions for Indians compared to Britons.

Pause the video while you decide on the answer and then press play when you're ready to resume.

Hello again, and well done if you said B and C, brutal treatment of anyone who disagreed with Britain and poor conditions for Indians compared to Britain's led to a growing dissatisfaction among the Indian population towards British rule.

Next, I'd like you to write an account of the reasons behind growing Indian dissatisfaction with British rule.

Based on your learning so far.

You could use the following in your answer, famine, customs, Indian workers, raw materials, and resistance.

Pause the video while you write approximately one paragraph in answer to this question and then press play when you are ready for some feedback, once again in the form of a model answer.

Welcome back.

I asked you to write an account of the reasons behind growing Indian dissatisfaction with British rule.

It's worth mentioning again that everyone will have written something slightly different in answer to this question, but well done if you were able to include any of the following in your answer.

Indian dissatisfaction with British rule grew due to several factors.

British policies exacerbated natural disasters such as famines and led to severe food shortages, widespread suffering and loss of life.

Imposition of British customs caused cultural tensions and Indian workers faced harsh working conditions.

Raw materials were exploited for the benefit of British industries, resulting in economic growth and improvements in standards of living in Britain, but not India.

In addition, resistance to British rule was met with severe repression by the British Army.

These authoritarian factors combined to fuel resentment and resistance amongst Indians.

And with that complete, we can now move on to the final phase of our loading today.