consensual is when there is a willing agreement of all the people involved and no one is forced to do anything

nobility are the group of people who have a high rank in the feudal system

in this lesson, foreign nobles refers to the nobles who were perceived as belonging to France and not England

in this lesson, native nobles refers to the nobles who were born in England

Henry III and the 1225 Magna Carta

History

Pupils will learn about the subsequent role of parliament in the later Middle Ages, particularly in the Wars of the Roses (Y7). This will also help contextualise their understanding of the challenges of ruling and tensions that may occur between King and Parliament, especially in their study of the English Civil War (Y8).

Pupils will already have an understanding of the development of common law and the expectation that certain rights were guaranteed by medieval kings. By this stage they will have also developed a strong schema on medieval kingship and have studied a wide variety of styles of kingship. 

Magna Carta: how did Magna Carta survive?

Historic or outdated representations of people that may portray inequality or injustice.

Depiction or discussion of discriminatory behaviour

Subjects which particular individuals may be sensitive to, eg, adoption, migration, bereavement or death, divorce.

Depiction or discussion of sensitive content

Depiction of war, threats of war, death or the aftermath of war.

Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering

a willing agreement of all the people involved

What does the word "consensual" mean in the context of the 1225 Magna Carta?

The 1216 version was sealed without Henry III’s regents.

The 1225 version was sealed by an older Henry III and not his regents.

There was no difference between the 1216 and 1225 versions.

What was a major difference between the 1216 and 1225 versions of Magna Carta?

He opposed it like his father, King John.

What was Henry III's relationship with Christianity and the Church?

It encouraged economic growth in England.

It led to widespread approval of Henry III.

It sparked anger as it seemed England was being taxed by the French.

What was the impact of foreign nobles building castles and collecting taxes in England during Henry III's reign?

It allowed later monarchs to close the Church.

It made it legal to imprison people without trial.

It shaped the behaviour of later kings and some clauses are still law.

How did the Magna Carta influence later English monarchs and laws?

It marked the shift of the nobility's identification from French to English.

The nobility began adopting foreign customs.

The nobility lost all of their ancestral connections to France.

Why do historians view Henry III's reign as an important moment for the identity of the native English nobility?

because it was forced upon King John and went against the King's rights

because it was peacefully negotiated and agreed

because it was supported by the majority of barons

Why did Pope Innocent III annul Magna Carta?

an economic crisis known as the First Barons’ Crisis

a civil war known as the First Barons’ War

a religious reformation known as the First Barons’ Reformation

What major event occurred as a result of the annulment of Magna Carta?

What was the main reason the barons invited Prince Louis of France to England?

they kept the clause which angered the barons

What important change did Henry III's regents make to the Magna Carta in 1216?

What was William Marshal's goal in reissuing Magna Carta in 1216?

Content guidance

Depiction or discussion of discriminatory behaviour

Depiction or discussion of sensitive content

Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering

Adult supervision recommended

Starter Quiz