Hello, I'm Mr. Marchin, and thank you for joining me for today's history lesson.

I'll be guiding you through all of our resources today, and my top priority is to make sure that by the end of our lesson, you are able to successfully meet our learning objective.

Welcome to today's lesson, which is part of our unit on local history in the mediaeval period.

As part of this unit, we are using Norwich as a case study of a mediaeval city to think about what people's lives were like at the time.

In today's lesson, we are gonna be working to explain the role that religion played in the social life in mediaeval Norwich.

So we're gonna be thinking about the lines of churchmen and also about how the church interacted with other people in the city during this time.

There are four key words which are gonna help us navigate our way through today's lesson, those are cathedral, bishop, monk, and will.

A cathedral is the largest and most important church in a particular area.

A bishop is a leader of high rank in the Christian Church.

A monk is a man who is withdrawn from normal life to dedicate his life to God.

And people write a will to leave instructions about what should be done with their things once they die.

Today's lesson will be split into three parts, and we're going to begin by focusing on Norwich Cathedral.

To get ourselves started, I want you to study the photo of modern day Norwich which you can see on the screen.

What type of buildings can you see? And does anything else stand out about these buildings in the photograph? So just pause the video here and press play when you're ready to reflect on your thoughts.

So looking at this photograph, there's something that should really stand out to us.

In the centre We can see a large church, which is Norwich Cathedral.

But the thing about this church, if we compare it to everything else we can see in the image, is by far and away the tallest building.

Now that's true of both modern day Norwich and mediaeval Norwich, and that gives us a good suggestion already about the possible importance and significance of the church, particularly Norwich Cathedral In the city's history.

The Normans began building Norwich Cathedral in 1096.

Construction work took almost a century and was completed just before the end of the 12th century.

The cathedral was not only the tallest and largest building in Norwich, but the biggest building in all of mediaeval East Anglia.

Many churchmen lived within the walls of the cathedral.

The bishop of Norwich lived there, as well as a religious community of 60 monks.

The Bishop of Norwich was an important leader for the area, and not only for religious issues.

For example, Bishop Henry le Despenser became known as the fighting bishop for his role in defeating the 1381 peasants revoked in East Anglia.

The monks at Norwich Cathedral lived a life dedicated to God.

They woke up by 2:00 AM every day to begin their prayers and religious services.

The monks were also very well educated and spent a lot of time reading and writing.

One monk at Norwich Cathedral, Bartholomew Cotton helped to write the Norwich Chronicle, which detailed historical events all the way from the Christian understanding of God's creation of the world, up to the year 1298 in the events that were happening in Norwich at that time.

So let's just check our understanding of the first bit of information we've taken on about Norwich Cathedral.

Which two types of person would be found living within the cathedral walls in mediaeval Norwich? Your options are bishop, merchant, monk, and peasant.

Remember, you need to select two of those groups who would've been found living within the cathedral walls.

So pause the video here and press play when you're ready to see the right answers.

Okay, well done to everybody who said that the two correct answers were A and C.

In mediaeval Norwich, you would've found the bishop and a community of 60 monks living within the walls of the cathedral.

And let's try one further question.

We've got a statement on the screen that says, "The monks at Norwich Cathedral were well educated." Is that statement true or false? Pause the video here and press play when you're ready to see the right answer.

Okay, well done to everybody who said that that statement was true, the monks at Norwich Cathedral were certainly well educated, but we want to be able to justify our answer as well.

So two justifications have appeared on the screen.

The first says, "The monks spent large amounts of time praying and leading religious services." The second tells us, "That the monks spent large amounts of time reading and writing." Now, which one of those justifications is best for showing that our original statement was true? Pause the video here and press play when you're ready to see the right answer.

Okay, well done to everybody who said that justification B was the better one for showing our original statement was true.

Although it's correct to say that amongst spent large amounts of time praying and leading religious services, we know they were well educated because of how much time they also spent reading and writing.

There were monks such as Bartholomew Cotton who even wrote very important documents for the city like the Norwich Chronicle.

Norwich Cathedral controlled a large area of surrounding land.

In fact, 10% of Norwich's entire land area was taken up by the cathedral and its surrounding land.

Aside from the cathedral building itself, its surrounding lands included a palace for the bishop, a library for the monks to study in, and a monastery where those same monks lived.

The cathedral also owned a lot of land outside of Norwich, which helped it to make money.

In the early 14th century, the cathedral was earning roughly 2,200 pounds per year, which is worth over 1.

5 million pounds in today's money.

This was much greater than the city government, which never earned more than 270 pounds in a single year during the Mediaeval period.

So now that we've heard a bit more information about Norwich Cathedral, I wanna check our understanding again.

Match each of the numerical values which you can see on the screen to the mediaeval statistic which they represent.

So you'll match each letter with one of the numbers.

Pause the video here and press play when you're ready to see the correct matchups.

Okay, so well done for all your hard work on that question.

Now we needed to match each of our numerical values to one of the statistics.

So if we're talking about 10%, we would link one to B, that represented the amount of land in Norwich, which was owned by the cathedral.

For our second value, 270 pounds, we should have been matching that to C, that was the amount that the Norwich city government made each year.

And for number three, 2,200 pounds were only left with one option, we should have been matching that with A, 2,200 pounds was the amount that Norwich Cathedral earn each year.

Remember, that means it was making 1.

5 million pounds per year if we're talking about it in today's money.

So now we are ready to put all of our knowledge about Norwich Cathedral into practise.

I want you to complete the passage by adding in the missing words.

There are four gaps to fill, and you can see the missing words shown just underneath the paragraph.

So pause the video here and press play when you're ready to see the correct answers.

Okay, well done for all of your hard effort on that task.

So I asked you to complete the passage by adding in the missing words, which means your passage should have looked like this.

The Bishop of Norwich and 60 monks lived in the cathedral grounds.

Monks did not only spend their time in prayer.

For example, Bartholomew Cotton was responsible for writing the Norwich Chronicle.

The cathedral was very wealthy, it earned 2,200 pounds per year, which was much more than the Norwich city government.

So well done for all of your work on that task, especially you got all four gaps filled correctly.

Now we are ready to move on to the second part of our lesson for today, where we are gonna talk about Norwich Cathedral and the city.

Norwich Cathedral was separated from the rest of the city by a long wall surrounding its land.

However, the cathedral and the rest of the city was still linked together in many other ways.

The cathedral was the main buyer of goods in the city and was also the largest employer of workers in mediaeval Norwich.

The monks at the cathedral also believed they had a duty to provide charity.

Every year, Norwich Cathedral gave 10,000 loaves of bread to groups such as the poor, prisoners, and lepers.

This charity was provided at the gates of the cathedral so that the monks did not have to go out into the city itself.

However, the monks and the cathedral was still usually criticised for not being very generous.

Because the churchmen were well educated, the cathedral was responsible for providing education and hospital care.

The monks ran free schools attended by both rich and poor boys from Norwich and its surrounding areas.

Monks also ran St.

Paul's Hospital, which was the first hospital in Norwich.

St.

Paul's aimed to support up to 20 unwell poor people at a time until they had recovered, and also looked after pregnant women, which was quite unusual for hospitals at the time.

So now that we've heard about the relationship between Norwich Cathedral and the mediaeval city, let's just check our understanding.

How many loaves of bread did Norwich Cathedral donate each year? Was it a 100, a 1000 or 10,000? Pause the video here and press play when you're ready to see the right answer.

Okay, well then to everybody who said that C was the correct answer.

The monks at Norwich Cathedral provided these 10,000 loaves of bread to groups in need, such as the poor and those who were in prison.

And let's try another question.

We have three statements on the screen, but which one best describes why the monks at Norwich Cathedral provided lots of charity? Is it because they had lots of money to give away, because they were told they had to by the king, or because they believed it was their Christian duty? Pause the video here and press play when you're ready to see the right answer.

Okay, well done to everybody who said that C was the correct answer there.

Remember the monks were part of the religious community at Norwich Cathedral, and they felt they had a Christian duty to help others in the city.

And let's try one final question to check our understanding, I want you to write the missing word in the following sentence.

Monks at Norwich Cathedral set up St.

Pauls blank to help look after those who were poor and ill.

Pause the video here, and press play when you're ready to check you got the missing word correct.

Okay, well done to everybody who said that our gap should have said hospital, monks at Norwich Cathedral set up St.

Paul's Hospital to help look after those who were poor and ill.

The hospital was the first one to be set up in the city and could look after 20 people at a time.

So now that we've checked our understanding, we are ready to put all of our new knowledge into practise.

I want you to describe two ways in which the Churchmen at Norwich Cathedral helped the ordinary people of Norwich.

Now, you may use the following sentence starters to help you.

So one way that Churchman at Norwich Cathedral helped ordinary people was by, for example, and then another way that Churchman helped was by, for example.

So now that you know how you should be setting out your answer, pause the video here and press play when you're ready to reflect on your responses.

So I asked you to describe two ways in which the churchman at Norwich Cathedral helped the ordinary people of Norwich.

Your answer may have included.

One way the churchman at Norwich Cathedral helped ordinary people was by providing charity.

For example, the cathedral provided 10,000 loaves of bread every year to the poor, prisoners, and lepers.

You may also have said another way the Churchman helped was by providing hospital care for poor people.

For example, St.

Paul's hospital was set up by monks from the cathedral, and was the first hospital in the city.

So well done if your own responses to that question, look something like the models we've just seen.

We are now ready to move on to the third and final part of our lesson today where we are gonna focus on other churches in mediaeval Norwich.

The cathedral was not the only place of worship in mediaeval Norwich, in fact, the city had at least 50 other churches.

Some of these were set up by groups of churchmen like the Blackfriars.

The Blackfriars arrived in Norwich in the early 13th century and were based at St.

Andrews Hall in the city.

You can see an image of St.

Andrews Hall, which still stands today currently on the screen.

Unlike the monks at Norwich Cathedral, the Blackfriars provided services inside their church and beyond.

They regularly travelled around the city, which made them very popular as the people of Norwich felt they were part of their own communities.

The Blackfriars were also much poorer than the monks at the cathedral, as they did not have large amounts of land to provide themselves with food and money.

Instead, the Blackfriars relied on charity for their survival, because they were so popular almost half of all wells left by mediaeval people in Norwich gave money to the Blackfriars.

This was a much greater number of people, the (indistinct) who left money to the cathedral in their wills.

So let's check how well we've understood the information we just heard about churches other than the cathedral in mediaeval Norwich.

How many churches were there in mediaeval Norwich? Was it over 30, over 50, or over 70? Pause the video here and press play when you're ready to see the correct answer.

Okay, well done to everybody who said that B was the correct answer, there were over 50 churches in mediaeval Norwich, including those which were run by the Blackfriars.

What two things made the Blackfriars different from the monks at Norwich Cathedral? Was it that they were able to read and write, that they did not have very much money, that they regularly travelled around Norwich, or that they spent a lot of time in prayer? Remember, you're looking for two differences, answer the four we've got listed there.

So pause the video here and press play when you're ready to see the correct answers.

Okay, well done to everybody who said that one difference was that the Blackfriars did not have very much money.

Unlike the monks at Norwich Cathedral, who made even more money each year than the city governments.

Blackfriars regularly travelled around Norwich, this was very different from the monks who stayed within the walls of the cathedral lands.

And let's try one further question just to make sure our understanding is really secure.

We've got a statement that says, "There is evidence to show that Blackfriars were not popular in mediaeval Norwich." Is that true or false? Pause the video here and press play when you're ready to see the right answer.

Okay, well done to everybody who said that that statement was false.

The Blackfriars were popular in mediaeval Norwich, but we want to be able to justify our answer.

So we now have two justifications we can see, the first says, "The Blackfriars provided services both inside and beyond their church." The other says, "The Blackfriars received money from almost half of all wills in Norwich." Which of those justifications is better for showing that our original statement was false? Pause the video here and press play when you're ready to check your answer.

Okay, well done to everybody who said the best justification was B, the Blackfriars received money from almost half of all wills in Norwich.

This shows that they clearly were popular as people were willing to leave the money after they had died.

And that was more people leaving the money than was ever the case for the cathedral in Norwich.

So now that we've made sure our understanding is secure, we are ready to put all of our knowledge about Mediaeval Norwich's other churches into practise.

I want you to explain one way we can tell religion was an important part of people's lives in mediaeval knowledge.

Your response must have a specific example to support your answer.

So pause the video here and press play when you're ready to check your response.

Okay, well done for all of your hard work on that task.

I asked you to explain one way we can tell that religion was an important part of people's lives in mediaeval Norwich.

Your answer may have included, one way we can tell religion was an important part of people's lives in mediaeval Norwich is because they gave large amounts of money to churchmen.

For example, almost half of all wills in Norwich left money to the Blackfriars.

This shows that the Blackfriars were popular and people wanted to help them.

So really well done if your answer looks something like our model there.

And that means we've now reached the end of our lesson for today.

So we're in a good position to summarise our learning.

We've seen that Norwich Cathedral was an important location in the city.

A bishop and a community of monks lived at the cathedral.

Norwich Cathedral was wealthier than any other group in the city.

The Cathedral provided charity, hospital care, and education as well as religious services.

And there were many other groups of churchmen in mediaeval Norwich, including the Blackfriars who were very popular.

So thank you for joining me for today's lesson, and I look forward to seeing you again as we think further about the lives of people in Mediaeval Norwich.