Hi there, I'm Mr. Roberts, and thanks for joining me for today's history lesson, where my job will be to guide you through our history resources.

I'll be making sure that by the end of today's lesson, you'll be able to securely meet our lesson objective.

By the end of our lesson today, you'll be able to describe how the French Revolution in inspired rebellion in Ireland.

There are four keywords that will help us with our lesson today.

Those keywords are sectarian, Catholic, Anglican, and elites.

A sectarian society is one that is divided along religious and political lines.

A Catholic is a Christian who belongs to the Roman Catholic Church whose spiritual leader is the Pope in Rome.

An Anglican, in this context, is a member of the Church of Ireland, which belongs to the Protestant denomination of Christianity, and people regarded as belonging to the best or most powerful group in society are known as the elites.

Our list today is split into three parts, and we're going to begin by looking at Ireland at the time of the French Revolution.

At the time of the French Revolution, Irish society was deeply divided along religious and social lines.

This is what is known as sectarianism.

The majority of people were Catholic.

While those few with money and political power were generally Anglican, members of the Protestant Church of Ireland, This situation was a result of centuries of English colonisation where laws have been enforced that severely restricted the rights and freedoms of Catholics and other religious groups in Ireland.

These laws prevented Catholics from practising their religion freely, owning land, becoming a politician, getting an education, and even carrying weapons.

This meant that the Anglican minority elites held all political leadership positions and owned most of the land in Ireland.

They were wealthier and had greater individual freedoms as a result compared to their Catholic counterparts, who actually made up the majority of Ireland's population.

This religious, societal divide would become known as sectarianism.

As a result, the French Revolution, with its ideals of freedom, equality, and togetherness appealed to many Irish Catholics who saw it as a beacon of hope in their own struggle against oppression.

So now let's just pause and do a quick learning check.

True or false? The French Revolution had no impact on Ireland.

Pause the video, come to a decision, return to the video and press play when you are ready for the answer.

Welcome back, and well done if you said it's false, the correct sentence would read, the French Revolution did have an impact on Ireland, but now let's justify that decision.

A, many Irish Catholics saw the French Revolution as a beacon of hope in their own struggle against oppression, or b, many Irish Anglican elites saw the French Revolution as a beacon of hope in their own struggle against oppression.

As ever, pause the video, have a think, and come back when you are ready for the answer.

Welcome back, and well done if you said the answer was a, it's true to say that many Irish Catholics saw the French Revolution as a beacon of hope in their own struggle against oppression.

Let's do another quick learning check.

Because of Ireland's sectarian society, which three of the below were Irish Catholics prevented from doing? A, becoming a politician, b, carrying weapons, c, owning land, or d, reading pamphlets? Pause the video, make a decision on the correct three answers and press play when you are ready for me to reveal them.

Hello again and well done if you said the correct answers were a, b, and c.

Because of Ireland's sectarian society, the three things that Irish Catholics were prevented from doing were becoming a politician, carrying weapons and owning land.

At this point though it's important to note that Ireland's secretarian laws also made it very difficult for a Catholic child to get a good education.

Now let's do a written task.

Based on your learning so far, write a paragraph to explain why Jacob's opinion is correct.

Jacob's opinion is as follows, "Ireland's sectarian society at the time of the French Revolution resulted in the oppression of Catholics." Use the sentence starter on the screen to help you write your paragraph and when you are ready, return to this video for some feedback.

Hello again.

I asked you to explain why Jacob's opinion is correct.

Your answer could have included the following.

Jacob's opinion is correct because Ireland was a deeply divided sectarian society where the majority of people were Catholic, but the elites were Anglican.

Catholics couldn't own land, become a politician, or access good education.

As a result, the Catholic population were generally poorer, less free, and less educated than the Anglican population, even though there were far more Catholics than Anglicans in Ireland at this time.

Well done if your answer looked anything like that.

And that moves us on to the second part of today's lesson, which is all to do with the effects of the French Revolution on Ireland.

The United Irishmen, inspired by the French Revolution, emerged in the 1790s as a response to sectarianism in Ireland and the subsequent inequality it produced.

Founded by Theobald Wolfe Tone and others, the United Irishmen aimed to make Ireland a less sectarian and more equal society and to campaign for change.

They wanted to unite all Irish people against British rule, regardless of which denomination or type of Christianity they belonged to.

Inspired by the perceived success of the French Revolution, the United Irishmen believed that by uniting Protestants and Catholics, they could challenge British domination and ultimately achieve Irish independence from British rule.

They recruited both Anglicans and Catholics who were motivated by the idea of religious tolerance and equal rights for all Irish citizens regardless of their religious denomination.

Now it's time for another learning check.

A, b, or c? What was the goal of the United Irishmen? A, to gather Irish Catholics to fight against British rule, b, to unite Irish Anglicans to fight against British rule, or c, to unite Catholics and Anglicans against British rule? Pause the video, have a think and press play when you are ready for the answer.

Welcome back and well done if you've said the answer was c, the goal of the United Irishmen was to unite Catholics and Anglicans against British rule.

Founder of the United Irishmen movement, Wolfe Tone, sought a military alliance with Napoleon and France in an attempt to free Ireland from British Rule.

Wolfe tone travelled to France in 1796 and met with French Revolutionary leaders in the hope that they would provide French soldiers to help the United Irishmen to rebel against Britain, who was still in control of Ireland despite their best efforts to establish a non-sectarian society.

French army general, Napoleon, was keen to expand France's influence in Europe and recognised the strategic importance of Ireland in relation to Great Britain whose government was hostile towards the French Revolution.

As a result, Napoleon and France's other revolutionary leaders agreed to send troops to Ireland to support Wolfe Tone's rebellion against Britain.

Let's pause for another learning check, a, b, or c? Why did Napoleon agree to help Wolfe Tone and the United Irishmen? Select two answers.

Pause the video and press play when you are ready for me to reveal them.

Welcome back and well done if you said the correct answers were a and c.

Napoleon agreed to help Wolfe Tone and the United Irishmen to ally with Ireland, a country close to his enemy, Britain, and to spread French Revolutionary ideas to other countries.

Now it's time for another written task.

Aisha's four statements are incorrect.

Change each of her statements so that they are now true.

Aisha's incorrect statements are as follows, "The United Irishmen were happy under British rule." "Napoleon went to Wolfe Tone to ask for his support." "Napoleon wanted to spread Irish Revolutionary ideas." "Ireland was strategically important to Napoleon because it was far from Britain." Pause the video and press play when you are ready for some feedback.

Welcome back, and well done if your answers look anything like this, "The United Irishmen were unhappy under British rule." "Wolfe Tone went to Napoleon to ask for his support." "Napoleon wanted to spread French Revolutionary ideas." and "Ireland was strategically important to Napoleon because it was near to Britain." And that moves us on to the final part of today's lesson where we'll be looking at rebellion in Ireland and its eventual unification with Britain.

The Irish Rebellion of 1798 ultimately failed for a number of reasons.

It was true that Anglicans and Catholics within the United Irishmen organisation remained suspicious of each other.

The British government had actually succeeded in infiltrating the movement and were able to monitor their activities, and this meant that they were able to disrupt the rebels' plans.

Britain also sent more soldiers to Ireland to brutally suppress any opposition they encountered, using violence and intimidation.

Crucially though, Napoleon's French troops were not able to offer their promised support, France attempted to send soldiers to Ireland twice, once in December, 1796, following Wolfe Tone's original meeting with Napoleon where poor weather conditions and a strong British naval presence prevented them from landing in Ireland.

Secondly, they did manage to land around 1000 troops in Ireland in 1798 who had some initial success, but determined British reinforcements ultimately defeated the Irish Rebellion and arrested Wolfe Tone as he attempted to board a French ship.

Let's pause there and check that we've secured what we've just learned.

True or false? The Irish Rebellion of 1798 was a success from the point of view of the United Irishmen.

Pause the video, make decision, and press play when you are ready to continue.

Welcome back and well done if you said false.

The Irish Rebellion of 1798 is not generally considered a success from the point of view of the United Irishmen.

Now let's justify that answer.

A, the Irish Rebellion failed because the French army struggled to land in Ireland and the British army were better equipped, or b, the Irish Rebellion failed because there was not enough belief within Ireland to properly fight back against the British army.

Pause the video and consider those two options.

When you are ready, press play.

Hello again and well done if you said the correct answer was a, the Irish Rebellion failed because the French army struggled to land in Ireland and the British army were better equipped.

Wolfe Tone was put on trial in Dublin by the British authorities and sentenced to death.

Although he chose to take his own life rather than face a public execution by hanging, as a result of the Irish Rebellion, Britain decided it needed to exert greater control over Ireland.

Just over a year after the death of Wolfe Tone on January the first 1801, the Acts of Union came into effect, which abolished the Irish parliament in Dublin and transferred its power to the British Parliament in London.

This led to the formal unification of Great Britain and Ireland with one goal being to promote greater integration between the two countries under British control.

This however sparked widespread opposition and resentment among many in Ireland, which meant that calls for Irish independence actually increased despite the failed rebellion, which would ultimately lead to Republic of Ireland's independence from British rule in 1922.

This shows how the powerful ideals of the French Revolution of equality and freedom had a long-term effect on Ireland, as they would also have on other parts of Europe and the wider world.

Let's do another learning check.

This illustration depicts Wolfe Tone as a martyr, someone who dies for what they believe in.

Pause the video and consider an answer to this question.

Why would some people think Wolfe Tone was a martyr? When you are ready, press play for some feedback.

Welcome back.

A martyr dies for what they believe in, and it's true, Wolfe Tone died because he believed Ireland should be free from British rule.

Now it's time for our final written task of this lesson.

This is a British cartoon from the time of the Irish Rebellion, depicting the United Irishmen as disorganised and unprofessional.

List anything you can see in this cartoon that makes them look like this.

Pause the video, come up with as many observations as you can, write them in a list, and press play when you are ready for some suggestions.

Welcome back, and well done if you noticed any of the following.

The fighters have emerged from an inn, possibly drunk.

One fighter is even drinking alcohol.

They don't have matching uniforms or weapons.

One fighter is even barefoot.

One fighter has completely missed his stationary target with his pistol, and one fighter is sharpening swords that nobody is even using.

The second part of this task asks you to explain why the British cartoonist that created this would choose to depict the United Irishmen as disorganised and unprofessional in the ways we have just discussed.

Pause the video, write an answer to this question, and then press play when you are ready for some feedback.

Welcome back.

Well done if your answer sounded anything like this, the British cartoonist would be likely to have depicted the United Irishmen in this way because they wanted to show support to the British government's desire to keep control of Ireland.

They would also likely want to make it seem as though the British won the Irish Rebellion because of their contrasting good organisation and professionalism when compared to the United Irishmen.

And that brings us neatly to the end of today's lesson.

All that's left to do now is summarise the key learning points.

We started by learning about sectarian division in Ireland and how it meant a minority Anglican elite ruled over a majority Catholic population.

We then moved on to how the French Revolution inspired the United Irishmen to fight British rule, with their leader, Wolfe Tone, meeting with Napoleon to get his support for the Irish Rebellion in 1798.

And finally, we talked about how the Irish Rebellion failed despite France's promised support, and how it led to increased British control over Ireland and ultimately to formal unification in 1801.

Thank you so much for all your hard work today.

It's been an absolute pleasure to guide you through our lesson resources.

I look forward to seeing you again in the future where we will be looking at other ways the French Revolution impacted Europe.