Lesson video

This is the translation lesson for the Genitives grammar lesson.

Not only that, it's the first translation lesson of three in this unit, all of which, linked together, an art to do with the Iliad by Homer an epic, a Greek epic poem by the same old Kadut, which happened to written right around the same time as the Odyssey.

We've really done a bunch of stuff on the Odyssey, haven't we? In previous units.

So I have to use these, and these, of these stories are going further back in time to look at the end of the Trojan war.

This first story, this first bit we've reading.

Its lesson, is to do with the anger, the theme of the Iliad itself, is to do with the anger of Achilles.

okay.

Practise translation.

The anger of Achilles.

Our learning objectives, can I translate fluently a Latin passage containing the genitive case? And have I consolidated previous core vocabulary? First pause, here, you need to get any of the items ready for these lessons.

I'm very pleased and happy for those, who are too mature enough to bring, or just organised enough to bring the right things every time okay? But you can make it up to me, if you can pause it and make sure you got everything you need to get learning.

Starting with, some of the vocab.

These are the fourteen words that you need at your finger tips.

Yeah it's the bit in every and each of these lessons.

They're the most frequent or the most difficult words, and the expectation is that you know all of them.

Because they're all going to turn up in the translation passage.

The middle paragraph you're going to be doing on your own.

Now we're going to take a close up look.

Those six that stick a lot.

But don't worry.

Lots of these words are easy.

They're all actually linked to words we've seen before anyway.

Right first of all "Causa" what a difficult language is this now, Latin stuff.

"Causa" are, derivation means that it's a causation.

And in deed what I mean, the derivation, is the same as translation.

And "causa" means cause.

You are going to see this with genitives ain't you? Okay.

"causa" they are caused, I can't think of any words other than the ones that are coming up.

Just bear in mind that "causa" is coming up.

You might see "causa" "amoris" for example.

"causa amoris" will be the cause of, now, amorous, okay? You've done "amors", well which is "I love amor" is the abstract noun.

And it just means love.

It's a noun.

Now here I've given you, this, after the comma I've given you the genitive case.

"causa amoris" will be the cause of love.

don't confuse with amor for goodness sake.

That's a verb.

You are going to see "amo" or "ama" , plus like a "v" or a bar or something.

That would be at the end of a clause.

This would be, in the middle somewhere.

Yeah? Or at the beginning.

"causa belli".

Now, that would be the cause if whatever "bellum" means.

Derivation are some important English words I insist that you know.

If you are bellicose, or if you are belligerent, then it means that you like waging war.

It means that you are as if, war monger.

Yeah? "Bellum" is war.

Now "causa belli" will be the cause of the war.

"Bellum" - war.

"Ira", if the clue is, now look, think "iratus", think the title of the lesson, take a look and see if you are right.

So, same as with "iratus" we've got words like Irate or Irascible.

Someone who is irascible is someone who is prone to, or rather they are prone to anger.

Yeah? But don't confuse, now "ira", look, obviously we know it's something to do with angry cause it looks like "iratus".

But don't confuse the two things.

"Iratus" is an adjective.

Here we have an abstract noun.

"Ira" - anger.

"Causa irae", that's now the genitive.

That will be the cause of anger.

"labour" and it looks like, I told you, the theme of these words, they look like, words you've already done.

But they are, going to be nouns.

They're a bit different right? Now it looks like labourer, which means I work.

The derivations are the same.

Labour, or laborious or laboratory, is where scientist do work.

It's where they work.

This isn't the work in sense of the verb.

This is work as in, "Argh, got a lot of work on." it's like, "I have work".

Therefore if you have work, that's a noun isn't it? there exist a thing that's related to the verb.

So "labour", is work.

Don't confuse with "laboro", which we see like, "labora", "labora bam", "labora veirum" you'll see that at the end of course.

You see that in front of comas or full stops.

Yeah? And that would be a, action verb.

"labour" is a noun.

"causa laborious", the cause of work.

"praemium" is our last one.

P-r-a-e-m-i-u-m that's how its pronounced.

P-r-a-e-m-i-u-m.

Not premium.

Now, the derivations are the English word premium.

And the way we remember it is, some students can tell me the link between here.

But I actually think it's easier, to remember just by knowing that, P-r-a-e-m-i-u-m, you pronounce that I, don't you? Like "ankili", or "pueli".

P-r-a-e-m-i-u-m, means prize.

Actually it's easy to remember, just by, knowing it's one of those ones where, just like "crusa" just means cruel or something.

Where actually you just, focus on the first sound.

"supit", I mean suddenly.

All right one of those ones.

"praemium" means prize.

"praemium" - prize.

"causa praemium" will be the cause of the prize.

Right.

There's a lot of content there, but you are going to be just fine.

All those words that you are thinking now, just link them to something you already know, like a verb or an adjective, you'll just know how to find it.

And you'll be okay.

Right.

Press pause here, just remind yourself what those words mean, okay? And, you know the drill at this point.

You press pause and you read through the words one time.

And you do not fret for a second, if you do not know all of those words.

Because that's what we are here for.

We're going to practise them for a second.

So press pause, read them once.

Okay.

It's quizzing time.

"Praemium", what it means? Does it mean first? "praemium" is a prize.

Something confused with "primus" which is first isn't it? But "praemium" is a prize.

"credo"? Is, I believe, or I trust, it means incredible.

And its unbelievable.

"ira" and "iratus", what's the difference? Good now, which one is the adjective? Answers in two and, "iratus" is the adjective.

So don't think "ira", I deliberately put this here, 'cause I wanted you to think.

Me and Mr. Fab, I wanted you to think that "ira" means angry.

"Huh 'ira' means angry." No.

"ira" is the abstract noun.

Means anger.

Yeah anger.

"Love" and "I love".

What's the difference of love and I love.

I'm going the other way, okay? Which one means "I love", which is a verb and which is a noun? Answers is in three, two, and, this one "amor", is I love, isn't it? "amo" is the abstract noun, meaning love.

"labour" vs "labora".

This should be quicker now, two, one, and, "labora" is here a, noun, isn't it? Yeah that's I work, "labour" is work.

"labora" is a verb, which means I work.

And "labour" is a noun meaning work.

"quis" means what? three, two, "who?" On its own it means who.

It can also mean "what".

But for now "quis" - "who".

"ira" we know this between "ira", we remember the difference in this two, I'm adding in "iratissimus".

What's the difference between those three.

Answers in three, past here the longer, two, one, so we know that's an adjective, this is your abstract noun, and "iratissimus" is the angriest.

"quis hoc credit".

"quis hoc credit", means what? "hoc" it means, "Who believes hoc?" "Who believes this?" Good we remembered.

Okay? "quis hoc vult".

"vult" is not a verb.

Means what? Who, some thinks this, who want this? "praemium accipio", is I wish, are one of these three.

It means that, "I receive a prize".

"praemium reddo", is which one? two, one, pick up pace, I return a prize.

Now process elimination to, yeah yeah, "praemium volo" is I want a prize.

"bellum volo", means what? "Is I want what?" I, good, I want "bellum", war.

This one is belligerent.

Means wages war.

"praemium vis".

What have I changed? Who's doing that "vis"? Okay two, one, this is you, singular want, volo - vis.

"You want a prize." "quis praemium vult".

"Who wants a prize?" I do.

Okay? Right.

And "quis multa", what's changed there? "quis multa praemia vult".

Good now this is, you might think it's going to be "who wants much of a prize?" it is, "who wants many prizes?" we'll be looking how to use, how to look, "multas" and "multa" in a bit.

Now this is where I come in.

Now, I just really wanted to have some spinner ready for this bit.

What's going to happen is, we're going to, I'm going to give you "plenus", that's an adjective.

And I'm going to match "plenus" with anyone of these four things here.

And who knows where the spinner is randomly going to land? Okay ready? So start the spinner in, three two one, going to be "plenus amoris" means, for "plenus amoris" will be full of, "Full of love".

Good, we do another random on, "plenus vitae" "plenus vitae" "plenus vitae" will be two, one, "Full of life".

"Full of life".

"vitae" - "life".

"Full of life".

Spinning around, "irae" "plenus irae".

"plenus irae".

"full of anger".

Should we start a new one? "multum" now.

We got some different noun down here.

"multum.

." stopping there.

"multum vitae." "multum vitae." much, now you are going to think, much literally of life, "much life." "much life.

there's quick rounds, just a quick one, "multum irae." much, good.

"much anger." so its not much angry.

"much anger." oh there oh! I didn't actually intend to pick that one, "multum laboris." "multum laboris." much, literally "much of work".

"much work." and then one last one.

I'm going to close my eyes to see where we end up.

oh! "multum," I knew it was going to be "praemii".

"multum praemii." much overprize you might say.

"much overprize." that one you'll meet on and off.

Third one.

"causa" with done lots of "causa" work here.

So lets do this quickly.

I'll close my eyes again.

Oh! I didn't know it was going to be that.

"causa amoris." the cause, the cause, of love.

"irae." I didn't know, I didn't know.

This is quite fun.

"causa irae." "causa irae." the cause of, the cause of, anger.

One last one, the cause, I knew it was going to be "belli".

"causa belli" "causa belli" the cause, thank you, of war.

"'Cause of war." Right we are ready.

Okay are you ready? What about these, genitive stuff, what's the difference between "amor belli" and "bellum amoris"? Answer in three, two, good.

Don't get confused.

Don't think that that's going to be, the love of war.

It's always that word of this word.

This word of this word.

That's love of war, war of love.

What about this one then? Answer in two, and, yes.

This word then this word.

Any of it.

So life of love.

And love of life.

Are we ready? Of course we are.

One to fourteen down the margin, what do those fourteen words mean? You're going to be fine.

Off you go.

Okay now I'm assuming you've got a pen.

For me to see.

How you did, collect in your answers if you please.

What's that you did extremely well.

I saw that, okay.

Right.

Now hands completely free.

And it's time for, me to talk to you a little bit about the beginning of the Iliad.

I mentioned in the intro video, that, the Iliad, is an epic poem from Greece.

From ancient Greece.

To do with the Trojan war.

It happens before the Odyssey.

And it was probably composed before the Odyssey as well.

Now, it doesn't come with a whole, it's very very long right? So it comes with the entirety, of the 10 years of Trojan war.

In fact it picks its time very well.

And it starts at the end of the war.

Starts in the tenth year, okay? And its theme, is not you know, sort of the entire war for example, it picks its characters.

And its theme, central theme is the anger of Achilles.

Now, Achilles is not in here.

Al right? So where is he then? Right let me just explain.

So what's happen is this, the Greeks been there for ten years, and their king is this guy called Agamemnon.

He's Rex Graecorum, king of the Greeks.

Now, the Trojans went in there, as well as attacking Troy, they also attacked some of the towns that are nearby Troy.

Al right? And one of them, which they attacked and they defeat, and they take prisoners essentially.

They take people captive.

One of the people they take captive is their daughter of this guy who's called Chryses.

Okay? And, the war happens after Chryses found out.

So he's called Chryses, and he's a Sacerdos, he's a priest, Apollonis.

He is a priest of Apollo.

Now, Chryses wants his daughter back.

Okay so he goes over to Agamemnon, who's taken his daughter as his prisoner.

Whereas his satiated female slave.

Okay? And he says Chryses, I've got call over the clouts with Pollo.

Pollo likes me, I would quite like my daughter back.

Give me my daughter back.

Right and Agamemnon, what would a good king do? I good king would, give the daughter back.

Okay? Agamemnon says, "what are you, get out of my camp what are you doing? Get out of my tent.

Get out of my camp.

I don't want to see you." so he kicks Chryses out.

Chryses the prays to Apollo, he was a Socius Troianorum.

Who is a, ally of the Trojans.

Apollo likes the Trojans.

And he likes a guy called Hector who we'll be seeing soon.

So Apollo, uses his Bow, who's the god of Achilles, to send a plague, against the Greek in there camp.

This brings Achilles into play.

Here he is, here.

Al right? Now there's a power dynamic, there's a power struggle between, Achilles and Agamemnon at the best of times.

Because Achilles is Fortissimus Graecorum, he's the bravest, of the Greeks.

And Agamemnon is the Rex Graecorum.

So Agamemnon is the king.

He has the most power, but Achilles has the most skill.

He's the best warrior.

Now Achilles, summons the Greeks together, he says, "We are suffering a plague", he finds out that it's because of the treatment of Chryses, al right? And he says, "Agamemnon, I think you ought to give the daughter of Chryses back to her father." and Agamemnon says, "What would a good king do? A good king would give it back." so actually he says, "Yeah yeah fine.

I will do that.

But," this is as far as we are going to come up.

"I can't just be sat here as the king, without having my, my captives, I mean my prisoners that's mine." al right? "you've all got one.

So where's my one? So what I'm going to do is, I'm going to take one from you.

And you know what Achilles, I'm going to take yours." and this is Briseis, is who Agamemnon takes from Achilles.

This is Achilles's Ancilla, this is Achilles's free, sorry.

Achilles's female slave.

Al right So, he robs Achilles.

And Achilles becomes angry.

Becomes enraged.

And I will there as to what happens.

But it involves, this person here who in this wall painting is sort of peering in.

Cooi! Hello! This is Minerva, who is the, otherwise known as Athena in a Greek and she's a Socia Graecorum of the Greeks.

Things don't stop there though.

'cause when the scene shifts, it goes up to Olympus.

Where, Thetis, the Mater Achillis, Thetis is a goddess.

And she's the mother of Achilles.

So Achilles is, he should be divine.

But in fact, he actually is more.

So he can't die.

Al though his mother is divine she's a goddess.

Now she reports what happens to Jupiter.

She says, "we'll never guess what Agamemnon done to my son, I'd like some recommends.

I have an idea, for what you can do, to get back at the Greeks for what Agamemnon has done." now Jupiter, is the king of the god Rex Deorum.

He is, he's meant to be neutral, in the, he's meant to be, somewhere on the fence in the Trojan war.

Between the Greeks and the Trojans.

But he actually quite liked the Trojans.

Okay? And the person who's annoyed about that, is Iuno, otherwise known as Hera, who's the Uxor iovis.

This is, in a regular genitive from Jupiter.

The wife of Jupiter.

And Iuno, Juno, you remember, is very much pro-Greeks.

We al ready know about this because of how much Iuno hates, the Trojans.

And how much she, she calls Xumana a bother for Aeneas, you remember when he's trying to find Rome after leaving Troy.

So, then sparks an argument between these two about, Juno saying, "you're meant to be impartial.

I can't believe you are doing this thing a set about Achilles." and then the person who then intercedes is Vulcanus, right? Vulcanus, otherwise known as afistus in Greek.

Who is the son of these two.

Of Jupiter and Juno.

And is also the god of, he's a smith, so the blacksmith god.

He's a god of fire.

Right.

That was a whistle stop tool of the beginning of the Iliad.

Just giving you the clues about what's going to happen.

Okay? There're a lot of characters, lets see what's coming.

What is the relationship between, Agamemnon and Achilles? They like each other? There are best friends? Thumbs up or down? How do they feel? They like each other? They hate each other.

There's constant power struggle.

What's the relationship between, Apollo, and Chryses? Where's Chryses? Apollo and Chryses.

What is the relationship between Apollo and Chryses.

Chryses is the, of Apollo.

Chryses is the priest, thank you, of Apollo.

What is the relationship between, Thetis and Achilles.

Thetis and Achilles.

Thetis is Achilles's, mother.

Thank you.

What is the relationship between, Jupiter and Juno? Jupiter and Juno are, something and something.

They are, husband and wife.

What is the relationship between Minerva and Achilles? The one on the wall-on art.

Qui! Hello! She's that one right? She's doing something with hair.

Yeah we'll find that art in a sec.

Okay Minerva is, did she like the Greeks? Did she hate the Greeks? She is an ally.

She likes the Greeks.

How did Jupiter feel about the Greeks? He's you know, in the middle.

He more, he would have preferred the Trojans okay? How does Apollo fee about the Greeks? Apollo, no doesn't like them.

'cause he sends that plague after Agamemnon mistreats who? Agamemnon mistreats not Achilles but, you have it? Chryses.

How does Briseis fit into all these? What is the relationship between Briseis and Achilles? Briseis and Achilles.

Good Briseis is Achilles's female slave.

Who's a captive.

A prisoner of war.

Right? And what is the relationship between Briseis and Agamemnon? Good with that.

And then Agamemnon loses his prisoner, so he takes Briseis from Achilles.

And that's what sparks off, Arrgg! The anger, al right? Vulcanus last name is related to which gods? Vulcanus is, the son of, Thetis, no.

He's a son of Juno and Jupiter.

Who's the son of Thetis while we are here? Its going to be, Achilles.

How does Achilles feel, is he happy? Is he a bit glam? Achilles is angry.

Isn't he? Great.

Right.

Now before we get Translating, we just have to remind ourselves of some of the genitives.

You are going to see loads of genitives in this part, and I know we've done a grammar lesson on it but it doesn't hurt to look again, does it? Let's have a look.

These are all the genitives, or these are all the phrases, the sense is you are going to to generate this in, as we use it a lot.

And here's the same, it's not exactly the same, it's not the same as what you are going to see.

That's just mean I will dig it for you.

'cause it looks similar.

And it has been mis-translated, you have, "es iratissimus omnium." now technically I've not shown you this contraction yet, so I'll be really pleased if you get this right.

What's wrong with, "You are all the angriest." "ium", we are doing genitives.

Have a think.

So lets ten seconds.

Five, three, one, and now.

Case.

Everything translates to that so far.

"You are all", suppose we can add it it's going to be a new singular.

Now we go to case, this is fine, this is a nominative for all, right there's our verb.

"omnium" can you rattle off genitive endings in the plural please? They are, after me, you go, so here we go, this is, a genitive.

When I say genitive you say, genitive, genitive, of.

Yeah? Got it? Okay so there is a missing off here, all right? So we get rid of all, that's fine.

But we need to put it in an oven.

and it's going to be, you are the angriest of, what, of, all.

Good and you might see another noun over here.

Maybe you want to do Greeks and Trojans, yeah? But you are the angriest of all.

Of everyone.

Okay? You're going to see something that looks like that in a second, any minute now.

So keep your eye open for that construction.

Number two, what's wrong with this one? Who is, "Quis Graecorum," mistranslated as a, "hoc audit" mistranslated as, "who is this Greek?" "who is this Greek?" right? 10 seconds.

Three, two, one.

And now again, we've briefly done this construction but lets remind ourselves of it.

Suppose now we say, positive genitive, isn't it? So a genitive is a, raised to a power of a whole.

Right now, "Quis" is who.

That's fine.

We got "hearing", we got "this".

Our issue again is to do with cases.

And "orum".

Tell me again, what our genitive plural endings were.

It was, good it was, when I say genitive you say of.

So we are missing again an "of".

Now our other rule about genitives, which I neglected to mention on the previous one, which is that you jump back, from your, genitive and then you stop there, you do an arrow coming out, okay? And that is the order that you do when you write off up here.

This is what you do when you find a genitive.

And that is the order, you must, translate what's going on okay? It's always going to be who, then you do, that's our nominative.

Look, "nom", "acc", verb.

Now you can't do that bit, that bit What we got here is who, "Here's is this Greek." okay the translation in this is an accusative.

Right but actually it's got to be, who, yeah, of the, is listening or he is this.

Who of the Greeks, or you could mean to say, which of the Greeks, he is this.

Okay? So we do up here, of, the, Greeks.

He is this.

Okay? Genitive plurals.

Right.

What else is tricky? Let's have a look.

There's another one.

This is an absolute classic.

"labo", "multum", how do we translate the "multum"? We did some work on this with a fake spin that didn't exist, is it still there? Just five seconds.

On what's wrong with "ego multum laboris ago".

Five, one and, now this one is the problem with step one.

"I" has been translated as a "yes".

Work, in brackets, we'll see the reason why.

"much", "ago", it's not there.

"ago" means "what".

We just did a quiz on it.

"Ago" is like, it means three things, "Do", "At" or "Drive".

Let's go for "I do".

Now this is where we go back to our rule.

Can you tell me, one, two, three, four, its four words there, big strong voice, we are doing genitives, which of those four words is the genitive? In three, two, one, that's it.

"laboris".

Now we find our genitive.

Then, I'm looking now at a, labelling for step two.

Now, do we jump forward or do we jump back? We jump back.

And then we start from the jump back.

And then we go back forward again, we do an arrow like that.

And that must be the order which you translate it.

We've got "nom".

Its going to include an "of".

"acc", and a verb.

This is genitive here.

So what happens now? This bit, this bit, this bit, this bit.

"multum" means "much".

Tell me out loud, what the correct translation is.

Nothing.

I do, much of, the work.

Can we see what happened with this student here? This student just saw "laboris" and thought, that's my verb.

I don't care about "ago".

I'm, argh! I mean I'll just he ran out of effort, he ran out of steam, before he got there and just went, "I work much." "I work much." that sounds about right.

That's a full sentence, its obviously right.

You've missed out "ago".

That's not a verb.

That's a noun.

You've not put genitive here.

This is all just wrong.

You're going to see something that looks like that.

Keep an eye on.

Right.

"Rex multum amoris sensit".

How are we translating "multum" here? So here the correct answer is, two, one, "multum" means "much" much plus genitive.

Now, sometimes the of, you don't need it.

Literally, "The king felt much of love." here you don't need, when it was "multum laboris" we did need the "of".

"much of work." right? "I do much of the work." but here "The king felt much of love", "The king felt much love." better than mine, so what's the correct translation here? Two, one, excellence.

Now what about the difference in this two? "ego multum praemii accipio", and "ego multa praemia accipio".

What's the difference? "multum praemii".

Answer's in three, two, good this one got, "much", singular plus genitive.

"I receive much of the prize." right it's time to go through it on your own.

"Rex erat plenus amoris", press that pause, two minutes, find the genitive wherever it is, you go back that way, yeah remember? And then you jump and you link back that way, and it has to be in that order.

Press pause, off you go.

What's that mean? Okay different kind of pen, and we should have, "The king was full of love." lovely.

Well done.

Our arrow would have been, we find our genitive, we go one back, we jump back, and then we jump forward again, and we put an arrow down.

And its with an "of".

There.

Okay? And that's what? Nom, verb, adjective, Gen.

"The king was full of love." great.

Okay we are ready.

Lets have a little read.

Okay there were two intro paragraph to this letter, because the first one is in fact a Latin translation of the opening lines of the Iliad.

Now, why are we doing this, this is a Greek poem, and why are we doing it in Latin? Well one is the devolvement we are obsessed with, Homer with the Greeks.

No one is actually awful lot 'cause Latin has changed, they've not even changed that much, they've taken from a Latin translation, of the Iliad, by a Roman, lesser-known.

Probably deservedly, is a poet called Babius.

Yeah he's called Babius.

Right okay.

So now, it's a long bit, it's tricky, your job is you're going to say "of", when I translate in English any time we encounter a genitive right? Okay.

"Sing of the anger of Achilles, goddess." so at the beginning of an epic poem there's times that you ask the goddess the goddess of the muses, the goddess of the poetry to inspire you.

That's what an opening of a poem is meant to be about.

"Quae", "sing of the anger of Achilles." which was the cause? thank you.

Many bad things for the Greeks.

Which sent many brave spirits, men to the house, saying "of", to the house of Pluto.

Which gave their bodies, to the spirit gods of the underworld.

Their bodies were given to the mouths, of, good thank you, dogs and, birds.

Good.

Thus was the will, of Jupiter.

The highest king.

So Jupiter has something to do with the fact that Achilles's anger is causing bad things.

Not for the Trojans, but for the Greeks.

We'll find out about that.

Sing from the time when, king Agamemnon, and Clarus, and famous Achilles, first fought who? The gods.

Who of the gods, ordered them, or bid them to fight? Who was it? Great.

Who, which god is responsible for causing this big fight between king Agamemnon and famous Achilles? Well, "Erat Apollo." It was Apollo.

His son, great or important and big Jupiter.

The son of Jupiter.

now it means error, its a bit of a, pretty perfect revision, not he sent but he, had sent, a plague, to all the Greeks.

Throughout all the Greeks okay? Now for, Agamemnon, now sent, or drove, had driven away, the priest, the god, who, had asked for his daughter.

Yeah.

Now, Achilles, called, summoned, the leaders, the Greeks.

Calchas, the Augur, the gods, says, now the Augur, normally is a seer, a soothsayer, someone who predicts the future.

Someone with communications with the gods.

Right? And he said, "Rex the king ought to return, the daughter, of the priest.

Now its time for you to get translating.

We know the drill, you can do that so, pen in hand, what's going to happen in this conversation between Achilles and Agamemnon.

Off we go.

Now as always, that last paragraph, may be done as a challenge.

Off you go, if you want to, you can just do it on your own.

Okay fantastic.

Different coloured pens.

Long all passes this.

There's loads of genitives in there.

And its also fascinating, is it not? Right.

I'm going to bring me in action so that I can, bring this down here.

So, the king was full of anger.

Great.

He said, "I'm returning the girl, but, I want a second prize." Then Achilles says, this is "Take me from home".

"Oh dear, who of the Greeks believes this? I always do much of the work, but I do not receive much of the reward.

Of the prize." yeah? Reward is a, its my, different translation.

You get much of the prize, this is probably better, yeah? Now, you want my prize, yeah? Well this going to be, "I'm leaving" "I leave" right, then Agamemnon replies, "You are the angriest," did we get this? "'iratissimus amnium' of all the Greeks." "You are the angriest of all the Greeks.

To you, love of war, is the cause of life." genitives everywhere.

"leave just get it.

Go on then.

But not with your female slave." Achilles was preparing to kill the king.

But, this is where Minerva comes in.

"But Minerva, a friend," "a friend of the Greeks, held him." she holds, she reaches the pin, holds it back as he's about to draw his sword.

As we saw in that wall painting.

By the hair.

"finally, the old man Nestor," this is an old, sort of a Greek, who's at the camp.

"settled the, 'verborum compescuit', the war of words." how are things going to end? Well you remember we took trip up to Olympus, don't we? Lets have a look.

And we read this bit together.

And you mark along the side.

Mark along with me.

If you did this as a challenge.

now the messengers, have taken, so Agamemnon sends the messengers and they take Briseis.

They take the female slave of Achilles.

Achilles is sitting next to his ships.

And he, he called his mother, who is a sea god, Thetis.

The "Dea Thetis".

The goddess Thetis.

Heard the words, of her son.

Thank you.

Then she says, "Don't fight for the Greeks", she ordered.

And she hurried to the sky.

then, she fell before, now you ready? For genesis, before the feet, the king, the gods.

One more time, before the feet, the king, the gods.

She fell before the feet of the king of the gods.

i.

e Jupiter's feet.

Right? She said, "Avenge my son.

My son is being insulted.

I want some recompense." Right? She begged the god, He nodded.

He accepted.

He said yes.

But Juno, so, Juno was angry.

Now, the god and the goddess were fighting.

They are husband and wife, they are fighting to win their son, Vulcan, the god of fire, asked, "Why you, who are gods," or you say a god and a goddess you might say yeah? "fighting, the the life man, life of mankind.

Is.

Life of a mankind is nothing.

Its worthless." Agite says, come, beat it, drink." and he he served the Nectar.

Because they don't drink wine.

They drink a special drink called nectar.

Right? right? The gods loved it.

And after dinner they slept, very happily.

This is how book one of 24 ends of the Iliad.

Now very importantly, we have two fights don't we? We have the fight between Achilles and Agamemnon, and we have the fight between Jupiter and Juno.

And how is the fight? how is the human fight? The human fight ends in catastrophe.

There's no reconciliation whatsoever.

Achilles and Agamemnon fall out.

Achilles says, "I am not fighting for the Greeks." whereas the fight between the gods, how does that one end? It ends, pretty happily.

All right? So the gods, because they are not mortal, right? They are able to reconcile their differences.

And have a good time.

This is also an important thing you think about.

Okay? When you are reading this stories.

The difference between, the world of the gods, and the world of heroes or the mankind.

Al right? Okay.

Once you have marked and corrected your answers, complete the exit quiz.

Including the question on understanding the comprehension of the story we've just read from the Iliad.

Other than that, it feels somewhat fast started when I say you got to listen up, when you are reading such an important foundational text.

We're going to do it anyway.

Al right? When I say genitive, you say of, genitive.

Genitive.

Genitive, of genitive, of.

Okay right.

There's more honestly.

Very silly.

There's more Iliad on the way, okay? But before that you'll need to do a lesson on the thesis.

And I will see you there in no time.